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浙江省台州市非文化遗产
花牌调
玩牌刚开始,打开自己的牌,好牌差牌都唱,唱的词是:“这副牢”,“鬼花好,这副进钞票”,“这副糟,这副人带挖起来,什么家产都败完”。
出牌都唱,出天唱天,出“地”唱“地”„„
1、出“天”牌唱:
奉天张学良,围困委员长。老蒋无法想,出令打东洋。 天是什么天,红绿团两边,困的里厢边,夜里真旺暖。 天天窝做头,身上惹毒气,没的铜钿医,忖忖出眼泪。天天落在嫖院中,嫖完银子王金龙《苏三起解》。天上降下来,投生岳元帅《岳传》。天子门生毛子佩,九月重阳闯御院《倭袍》。
2、出“地牌”唱:
两只奶奶白如银,刘氏大娘游四门,东门西门都游尽,刘家风水败干净。 白地晒盐场,前后枪笆打,劳会长清乡,走路要远宕。抢犯陈阿二,带兵张毛弟,天华开会去,打杀稻田里。地牌两个洞,大姑娘开苞有介痛,看看钞票一大捧,小脚夹之由侬弄。二弟云长情义好,千里迢迢送皇嫂《三国演义》。二弟把守华容道,说起前情放曹操《三国演义》。
3、出“银牌”唱:
仁宗皇认母,认母李太后。太后还朝后,享福在后头。 人牌一片红,大姑娘拣老公,拣个大脚疯,难卯咋弄弄。人人爱白相,叩头拜先生。人人爱风流,风流处处有。人品生好小桑黛,李广、楚云同挂帅。人品生好小徐兴,九花娘得意会私情”.4、出“武三”牌唱:
强抢硬做李飞龙,南楼一见怒气冲,拳打脚踢充英雄,打得张保否敢动。历山山下边,土匪董林泉,劫去挑米钱,侬道可怜否可怜。前山夹后山,中间停抢犯,抢犯抢大家,百姓笑呵呵。双枪陆文龙,单抢赵子龙。双蛇压在塔当中,等待出塔后来封《白蛇传》。
5、出“和牌”牌唱:
鹅毛弯弯倚山头,子龙长江夺阿斗,张飞把守前江口,委屈周郎少计谋。我是宋美玲,老公总司令,咋还否相 信,打听奉化人。 阿鹅三十三,走路三腰掼,身穿乌背单,侬道泛否泛。素娥操琴陆坪素,云卿书房问哥哥,楼台操琴哪一个,是你嫂嫂刘素娥《倭袍》。初一到初三,月亮眉毛弯,素娥大娘心头烦,思想云卿琴弹弹.”《倭袍》
6、出“梅花”牌唱 :
梅花也是花,孝子万盛华,牢监讨的坐,讨饭军(供养)啊母。妹妹杜十娘,勿肯草帽打,赶到挖花场,专门相后生。十美画图形,要柯中用人,中用柯落监,十美都造反。妹妹乌紫紫,口镶金牙齿,十字街头挣面子。梅花桩姑娘本领高,搭救彭公出水牢《彭公案》。腊梅开花出门骑,又见桃花落树飞。
7、出“板凳”牌唱:
板凳四角方,好汉来邀帮,梁山忠义堂,宋江做大王。板凳四角方,穷人来约帮,约帮打称方,棉被盘污缸。老板会金莲,武松私情观,若要私情散,总要板头摊。等在南楼天未亮,醮楼鼓打转四更。空凳设在牡丹亭,隔墙吹箫是王文《倭袍》。
8、出“四六”牌唱:
四郎见娘亲,娘亲笑盈盈,话起当年金沙滩,眼泪落了一大滩。冤家谢先生,吊桥乘风凉,山水哗哗响,翻落河中央。冤家刁南楼,该死吃馒头,怨没好否怨,两厢自情愿。勒死皇太后,纣王自焚摘星楼《封神榜》。毒死皇后张娘娘,殷洪殷郊哭断肠《封神榜》。四六乌呼逃出门,金刚庙内宿安身。
9、出“三丁”牌唱:
叮叮弹琵琶,瞎子照命话,三岁死娘亲,三十打光棍。 顶歪赤佬汪精卫,钞票会作烂储备,一块要用头两块。 幺二三岔口,碰着老姘头,乌龟在后头,叫我难搭口。三岔路口分别去,殷洪殷郊哭啼啼。三分鹤顶馅馒头,害死亲夫刁南楼《倭袍》。
10、出“牛头”牌唱:
牛皋福量大,碰着岳大哥,高宠大战牛头山,韩世忠炮炸两狼关。五块六角洋,买着小牛犊,耕田勿会耕,车水啷啷响。五块六角洋,买只马桶箱,买之啥用场,送给小姨娘。牛魔王结拜猢狲精,两下借扇要失情《西游记》。
11、出“野鸡”牌唱:
大水白洋洋,棉花成光梗,河塘边葬爹娘,芦柴坑里撩亲生。三四野鸡粉桩楼,大胆胡魁卖人头《粉桩楼》。姐姐要卖空心菜,十里凉亭等别个(盖)。夜里巡更张佩赞,杀死雪香小丫环。四点红、三点蓝,亲生儿子抲娘奸。虽然娘亲事做错,旁人谈论气叹叹《顺口流》
12、出“尼姑”牌唱:
紫贞师太是好人,天花板上要藏申贵升。尼姑落庵堂,姘头小和尚《顺口溜》。商纣王进香女娲宫,粉壁提诗淫心动《封神榜》。
13、出“幺六”牌唱:
一六落凤坡,庞统死得苦《三国演义》。冤家之女白玉霜,打死公子沈定芳《绿牡丹》。
14、出“大刀”牌唱:
三六刀柄有点长,独走千里关云长,过了五关斩六将,败走麦城无法想。 三六一把刀,亲娘杀官保,官保命难逃大刀三六九,小主成人报父仇。三加六铜板,乘船到舟山,沈家门弯一弯,直落到岱山。高山显神谢英墩,平地登仙祁巧云《粉桩楼》。
15、出“红朱”牌唱:
血水姜子牙,火烧玉琵琶,纣王宠妲己,江山随便其。血水嗒嗒滴,裤档敛否及,侬个小娘比,或否得早点医。红吆十四岁,头发两边披。红吆头上一个洞,送花上楼双珠凤《顺口溜》。
16、出“正九”牌唱:
九月菊花开得黄,黄鹤楼诸葛亮哭周郎,三气周瑜芦花荡,气得周郎一命亡。 金九黄丙尧,落海做强盗,抢抢要犯法,否抢要饿杀。我到杭州起,妹要带东西,四床红绸被,五匹直贡呢。久经王伦鬼路多,陆洪勋游园挑花坞《绿牡丹》。老酒糯米做,喝下屁话多《顺口溜》。
17、出“破脚”牌唱:
二三二四否用抹,左手转弯弄堂里,一二三号数过起,三号门牌二小姐。背又驼来脚又翘,驼背也想膀子吊,着衣镜里照了照,驼背忖忖也发笑。背又驼来脚又翘,驼背也想膀子吊,脚骨笃侬断,省得侬沿畈跑。三脚二跳小贵童,兰采和通报李飞龙《倭袍》。
18、出“毛五”牌唱:
三五本是**党,领导穷人闹解放,赶走东洋人,北撒到对江。 三五支队到,肩背小钢炮,童康该倒灶,连吃十八刀。毛羊年纪大,今年八十多,孤孀媒来做,罪过真罪过。毛龙襄阳要起身,案卷交给童文正。”《倭袍》
19、出“亚马”牌唱:
二四衙门大,昏官朝南坐,大堂审金凤,金凤身有孕,小官审否清。泥水搭高墙,对面大姑娘,赤膊浴来汰,幽倒开张张,×毛两三根。二四衙门是瘟官,慧兰定罪不应该《倭袍》。
20、出“幺五”牌唱:
幺五本是薛丁山,征东容易征西难,罗通死得阵头上,薛仁贵围困白虎关。铜锤一点红,姑娘抱小叔,抱得内房中,还要哼两哼。咚咚敲后门,郎来会私情,囡肯娘否肯,要成相思病。潼关捉拿小刘秀,经堂杀妻报父仇。
21、出“二六八”牌唱;二六三六不用疑,火烧连营八百里,烧得刘备无药医,孙尚香跳进长江里。二六十二小慧兰,吐露真情献血衫《倭袍》。
上家吃牌,下家借牌,好牌差牌唱:今天手气吞(差),借来无用处,“上家没运气,大肚脑头飞。
别人出牌自己和倒(叫啄倒)唱:啄你一副花各人算道头,这副好,进帐木佬佬。
人间语言非常丰富,挖花词仅是其中的一部份。
白山老鬼
漳州导游词
Overlview of Zhangzhou Touristry 漳州旅游概要
Known as “City of flowers and fruits” and “hometown of fish and rice”, Zhangzhou is a historic and cultural city, famous for its rich produce.It produces a lot of “6 famous fruits” (tangerines, lichis, bananas, longans, pomelos, and pineapples) and “3 famous flowers” (Narcius, camellia, and orchid), as well as valuable seafood, including prawns, groupers, abalones, lobsters, mud crab, scallops, oysters, mud clams and squids.Narcius, medicine “Pianzihuang”, and “Inkpad” produced locally are known as “three treasures” of Zhangzhou”, famous both in China and abroad.The tourism handicrafts of puppet carving, seashell pictures and jade carvings of the nine-dragon wall are very popular among Chinese and foreign tourists.
Zhangzhou is a famous hometown for the overseas Chinese and Taiwanese.Over 700,000 people from Zhangzhou are now living in Hong Kong and Macao.About one third of the population in Taiwan is originally from Zhangzhou.It has become a destination of pilgrimage and paying visits to their native hometown for the overseas Chinese and Taiwan patriots.
1.Zhangzhou southeast Flower Capital -- Flower Museum Park 东南花都——花博园
National AAAA scenic site, it is located at Makou Town, the northeast of Zhangpu County, Zhangzhou, Fujian Province.Covering an area of 7800 Mu, it is the largest modern ecological agriculture park and the largest flower producer in Fujian Province.It is a multi-functional ecological tourism base which integrates flower trading with shopping, recreation, sightseeing, ecological tourism, outdoor exercise and training.Inside the scenic spot, there is a flower museum, a nursery, a scientific park, a service park and the main exhibition hall.Facilities for recreation are available for archery, swimming, angling, and boating.There is also a flower supermarket and a holiday resort.Fresh melons and fruits, seafood, and local delicacies are served all year round.
2.National geological Park and Zhangzhou Coastal Volcano 漳州滨海火山 国家地质公园
The national geological park is located along the coast of Zhangpu and Longhai of Zhangzhou Municipality, Fujian Province.
Covering an area of 100 km2, it is a typical Age 3 volcano geographical park, composed of “two mountains, two islands and three bays”.The geological geomorphologic terrain was formed by the central eruption of the volcano and the wind and sea erosion between 28.61 million and 15.41 million years ago, due to the movement of Himalayas.It reflects the movement of the new generation of volcanoes and the involvement of the geological structure in the west Pacific Ocean.A batch of physiognomic wonders, such as the volcano outlet in the shape of eight diagrams (for fortune telling), “plum flower pole”, the column of bubble holes, corals, fish-scale shaped stone water fall, sea eroded caves, sea eroded cliffs have been created by nature, hence the name of marine terra cotta.
3.Zhangpu Tianfu Tea Museum 漳浦天福茶博物院
National AAAA scenic spot and national agriculture demonstration site, it is Located at Pantuo Township, the side of No 324 State highway, the west of Zhanpu County.
Tianfu Group’s headquarter covers a ground space of 80 MU and is the largest tea museum in the world.It consists of four exhibition halls: the main exhibition hall, the Claroom for the Chinese tea art, the hall for Japanese tea, and an art gallery.
The main exhibition hall displays the tea culture of the world, the history of Chinese tea development, the procedure of tea proceing, tea art and tea-ware, tea poems/paintings, and tea and health.The statue of the “Fire seed paed from one generation to another”: Standing at the entrance of the temple, the statue is unique in design.It displays an cow pulling a cart with a calf and the old is teaching the young how to work, indicating the tea culture paed from one generation to another.The claroom of the Chinese tea art: Each day there are 5-6 shows of the tea art and tea courtesy of different Chinese ethnic groups from different dynasties.4.Mangrove at Zhang River Estuary 漳江口红树林 National natural reserve, it is located in the estuary of Zhang River at Yunxiao County, Fujian Province.The mangrove at Zhang River Estuary grows naturally on the beach of the tidal zone, covering an area of 2360 ha.It is the mangrove of the largest scale, the most diversified species and the best growing north of the equator.Among them, Baigurang species occupies of 20 ha.and is an evergreen arbor tree species, with grey tree bark.Under the mangrove are many marine organisms, including skip fish, lobsters, crabs, mud clams, sea snails, and eels.The mangrove area is also inhabited by green-head ducks, grey wild geese, bean wild geese, black-mouth gulls, and aigrette.There are a number of endangered species; including two Cla I state protected animals, one most endangered species, six endangered species, two threatened species, 19 state cla-II protected animals, 77 migrating birds under the protection of the Sino-Japanese agreement, 41 migrating birds under the protection of the Sino-Australian Agreement.In addition, there are also many seaweeds growing under the mangrove, having formed a unique natural ecological view.
5.Dongshan Fengdong Rock 东山风动石
A National AAAA scenic spot located at the east end of Tonglin Town, Dongshan County, Fujian Province.Acceible directly by bus, it is 120 km from Zhangzhou city, 135 km from Shantou and 209 km from Xiamen.Fengdong Rock scenic site covers an area of 15 hectares.The major tourist attractions include Fengdongshi, Guandi Temple, ancient Tongshan Town, Hukongdiyu, Shisenbaita, Diaoaotai, Xianmianchuang, Baozhi Temple, Chenghuang Temple, Huang Daozhou Memorial Hall, Dongshan Museum, the residential relics of Huang Daozhou, stele corridor, folk custom corner, Mural of Sun rock, Guizi Rock, octagon ancient well.6.Longhai Mercy Temple 龙海慈济宫 A State-level protected cultural relic located at Baijiao Village, Jiaomei Township, Longhai city, Fujian Province.It is 30 km from the Zhangzhou city.It was built during the Year Songjingyou, over 900 years ago.Covering an area of 1609.5 km2, the temple has been well protected.
Mercy Temple is a palace museum in South Fujian Province, belonging to the original temple of Baosheng Imperia and the original temple for Taiwan Baosheng Imperia Temple.The temple faces the south and was built in the background of the mountains, rising with the mountain terrain.Starting from the central axis, the temple has a front hall, the door yard, veranda, central hall and rear hall, from the southwest to the northeast.On the two sides of the door yard, there is a bell building and a drum building.The main tourist attraction includes Longquanjing (dragon spring well), Jizhaoding, large stone lions, Feitian yueshi (flying music angel).
7.Sanping Temple 三平寺
A National AAAA scenic spot located in the Sanping Gorge in the territory of Wenfeng Town of Pinghe County, the Southwest of Zhangzhou city, Fujian Province.It covers a total area of over 4000 m2.The temple has three halls and two gates (internal and external), and an internal door and a gate to the mountain.There are daxionbaodian, Zudian, Tadian, known as Sanluoban locally.On the opposite of the gate to the scenic spot, there stands a giant marble sculpture of the founder of the temple.The axis of the three halls is shaped as moving snake, which is unique in the temple architecture in China.Centered at Sanping temple, which is over 1000 years old, the central scenic spot covers an area of 12 km2, including Sanping Temple, Guanji Park, Yinke Park, Cilang Pavilion, Maoshi Cave, Turtle Mountain, Tiger Forest, Hupa Spring, Longrui Waterfall, and the Memorial Hall commemorating the joining of the Red Army forces, hence the name of 8 ancient scenic spots and 24 modern scenic spots.It attracts a lot of visitors especially when ceremonies are held each year on lunar January 6th to celebrate the birthday of the founder of the temple, on lunar June 6th to mark the anniversary of the founder entry to religion, and on lunar November 6th to celebrate the anniversary of the death the founder of the temple.8.Nanjing Tianluokeng Earth-building Group 南靖田螺坑土楼群
group, with a grand outlook.Standing on the middle of the mountain, facing the south, it is composed of five earth buildings.The square building, called Buyunlou (Cloud stepping building) stands in the middle, and surrounded by three round buildings (Ruiyun Buiding, Hechang Building and Zhenchang Building) and one elliptical building (Wenchang Building).
Five buildings were built according to the positions of “gold, wood, water, fire, and earth”, and not only for aesthetic reasons, but also for the function of fortification.Specialities & Delicacies of Zhangzhou
1 .Seasoned Noodles Seasoned noodles are made from the ingredients of shredded pork, shredded bamboo shoots, mushrooms, squids, dried shrimp and day lilies as the ingredients.They are stir fried and boiled with pork bone soup, and then MSG, sugar, and salt and sweet potato starch is added to make a seasoning.When the noodles are served, they are added with fried leek, bean sprouts and the seasoning, and some black pepper, fried ground garlic, fried shredded fish and caraways.
2.Nasheng Sesame Dates Pinghe County is famous for its tea deert for more than 70 years.Nansheng sesame dates are made from sticky rice, taro, sugar, maltose, peanut oil and white sesamum in three procedures.It is featured in being crispy, tender, sweet and elastic.
3.Nansheng Salty Duck Nansheng Salty Duck has a history of hundreds years and is named after Nansheng town of Pinghe County where the duck is produced.Nansheng salty Duck is made from the local native ducks.The slaughtered ducks are gutted, salted, and dried in the sunlight in a series of proceing procedure for several days.The salty duck is a convenient food.It only needs to be washed and steamed before being served.If rice wine is added, the smell and taste will be even better.4.Shouzhuamian (Hand grabbing noodles) Shouzhuamain, known as “Douganmainfen” or “Wuxiangmianfen” locally, is made from wheat flour material, ingredients and seasoning.The wheat flour material is the alkali noodles which are boiled and spread in a round shape on a bamboo screen to form pan-cakes (called “Mianfen” locally).When it is served on the table, “Mianfen” is laid with fried tofu, or “five spiced rolls”, as well as sweet flour jam, peanut jam, mustard jam and garlic vinegar jam and eaten by grabbing with the fingers, hence the name of “Shouzhuamian” (hand grabbing noodles”).
A popular tea cake, shaped in pillow in the size of a little finger, Xiaoxi pillow cake is produced through a number of fine procedures.First, the stuffing of the cake has to be carefully selected.They are fine wheat flour, pork fat, and maltose.The ingredients are made according to the “secret formula”, to ensure that the stuffing will melt as soon as put into mouth without having residues.Then the cake is baked with small fire in a pan, which requires a high skill to ensure an even baking and avoid burning.The traditional pillow cakes are packed in two layers, separated by bamboo leaves.Each package contains eight cakes.
Bajitian is the root of Bajitian herb, also named Buchou herb and Sanman herb.As a valuable Chinese medical herb, it has the functions of invigorating the kidney and strengthening Yang, expelling wind-evil, resolving wetne, and nourishing blood.In the book entitled “Shennong Bencao Jing” Bajitian is highly valued as the “Southern Jinsen”.Hexi Township has become a major producer of Bajitian in China and gained the reputation of the “home of Bajitian”.A number of proceed Bajitian products, including Bajitian wine, have been developed and produced locally.
7.Eight-treasured Ink Pad It is made from top quality of pearl, agate, muskine, coral, monkey dates, plum slice and Airong, mixed with castor oil, and Biaoyinzhu.With bright colour, and aromatic smell, the ink pad would neither melt in water; nor dry in dry weather; nor mould in rainy season; nor leak oil in summer and nor freeze in winter.As the ink pad does not lose its colour in either water or fire, it has been fancied by calligraphers and painters both domestically and abroad.It has won the excellence prize and special prize respectively on the Southeast Asian fair and the Panama fair.
8.Pinghe Guanxi Pomelo Big in size and sweet in taste, Guanxi pomelo is originated in the valley of Guanxi River and is the traditional valuable fruit produced in Pinghe County.
Guanxi pomelo has been grown in the local area for over 500 years.During Qianlong years of Qing Dynasty, Guanxi pomelo was the tribute article for the emperor.Tongzhi Emperor granted Guanxi pomelo a stamp and a black dragon flag as the tag for the tribute.The unique flavour of the fruit has won the first prize in the succeive five years on the national pomelo competitions.Ranking in an advanced position in China, Guanxi pomelo has gained the reputation of “Pomelo King”.
9.Tianbao Banana Banana is one of the six major fruits produced in Fujian Province.Situated by the Jiulong River and backed by Tianbao Mountain, Tianbao Township has a mild and humid climate which provides a favourable condition for the growth of bananas.The bananas produced in Tianbao are famous at home and abroad, due to their thin skin, nice smell, sweet taste, soft meat and no cores.
10.Tianfu Tea foodstuffs Produced exclusively by Tianren Foodstuff Plant of Tianfu Group, Tianfu tea cakes are made from the quality materials through modern proceing technique in a strictly controlled quality.Characteristic in low sugar, low fat and low calorie, the products have paed ISO9001 and ISO9002 International quality attestation.At present, there are over 50 products in 6 major categories: sweets, cakes, tea cakes, preserved fruits, nuts, and instant tea.Tianfu tea products are sold all over the world.The company has established a number of franchise shops in Taiwan, America, Canada, Japan, and Malaysia, and has become a intra-group which owns nearly one hundred franchised shops.
11.Zhangpu Paper Cutting Zhangpu paper cutting is a technique based dominantly by “Yin cutting” and aisted by “Yang cutting”.When displaying feather and flower pedals, the artists often use the technique of “row cutting”, to create a vivid image of the object which is as fine and dense as hair.The traditional subjects for the local paper cutting include flowers, birds, melons, fruits, fish and insects, as well as lucky symbols, historic stories and figures.The paper cuttings of “Cock Fighting”, “Rats Wedding”, “Couple Lotus Flower” and “Twelve Zodiac Symbols” are the most popular.
12.Zhangzhou Cotton Portraits The portraits are made mainly from de-fat cotton by applying the principle and rules of painting in combination with the techniques of colour Caizha (handicraft) and emboment through pinching, moulding, plaster, drop-dye and framing to form a strong three-dimensioned picture.As cotton fabric is fine and soft in quality, and identical to feather and leather, the portraits are mainly made in the subjects animals, such as cranes, peacocks, eagles, cats and tigers.Since the cotton portrait was first developed in early 1960s, dozens of varieties of portraits in several categories have been made, and become popular house decorations and souvenirs.
13.Zhangzhou Pianzaihuang Pianzaihuang is an outstanding product of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine, known as “famous medicine of national treasure” among the overseas Chinese.It is a medicine proceed from the traditional valuable Chinese medical herbs, with a history of over 450 years.Pianzaihuang is made from the valuable Chinese herbs, including Shexiang, Niuhuang, snake’s gall and Tianqi.It is remarkably effective in curing chronic liver disease, diminishing inflammations, killing pains, preventing wounds of cutting and burning from inflammation, accelerating the healing of wounds.
14.Zhangzhou Narcisus Narcius is a provincial flower of Fujian province and the city flower of Zhangzhou Municipality.Narcius has been grown in Zhangzhou for over 500 years.The techniques for growing and ikebana of narcius are gradually developed to an exquisite botanic culture.The botanists have created the narcius carving bonsai technique which can make narcius bloom in the predicted time.In the spring Festival each year, every house hold would have narcius bonsais.The greening and the aroma of narcius symbolizes good luck and happine.
Zhangzhou Folk Culutre
Famous for their strong, aggreive and skilful fighting tactics, the Zhangzhou fighting cocks have been listed as one of the four major types of fighting rooster in China.They have repeatedly established the reputation of being “unbeatable” in the competitions held in Taiwan, Hong Kong and the Southeast Asian Countries.In recent years, the development of the cock fighting industry has been promoted in Zhangzhou Municipality and a cock fighting society has been established in local area.The society has organized activities of “cock king competition” and Zhangzhou cock fighting culture fair, established a website of Zhangzhou cock fighting and Zhangzhou native fighting cocks farm, which have attracted attention both at home and abroad.
Nanjing Zhuma (Bamboo Horse) Opera
Nanjing Zhuma opera originated in Mazhen of Tang Dynisty, became popular in Song Dynasty and reached its peak in Qing Dynasty.
Zhuma (bamboo horse) is also called Mayi (horse art), madeng (horse lamp), zhumadeng (bamboo horse lamp), using a bamboo horse as the prop.The bamboo horses are made from bamboo skins for the framework, which are glued with red, black, blue and white paper to form the horse shape.When the performance is presented, the front part of the horse is hung in front of the actor’s belly while the rear part of the horse is arranged on the waist of the actor.In this way, the actor looks like riding the horse.The opera is sung with Gezai melody in the local dialect spoken in the southern Fujian.The dialogue is presented with colloquial doggerel in the performance and displays a strong rural style and deep folk culture.
Zhanghzhou Xiang Opera
Xiang opera is a major local opera, originally named Gezai opera, also named Zidi Play.Gezi opera was originated in Jinge of Zhangzhou, but developed and formed in Yilan of Taiwan.It is very popular in the Southern Fujian province, including Zhangzhou, Xiamen, and Quanzhou, as well as Yilan of Taiwan and the Southeast countries where many overseas Chinese have migrated.
Xiang Opera is mainly presented in the Southern Fujian dialect by actors and actre, which is vivid, humorous and easy to understand.There are over 500 traditional Xiang opera plays.The representatives include “Lei Wanchun beat Tiger”, “nectornade in Hometown of Overseas Chinese”, “An-an Looking for Mother”.The feature of Xiang opera is that it has more singing than speaking, with strong rhythm, expreive force and folk sentiment.
漳州导游词
Overlview of Zhangzhou Touristry 漳州旅游概要
Known as “City of flowers and fruits” and “hometown of fish and rice”, Zhangzhou is a historic and cultural city, famous for its rich produce.It produces a lot of “6 famous fruits” (tangerines, lichis, bananas, longans, pomelos, and pineapples) and “3 famous flowers” (Narcius, camellia, and orchid), as well as valuable seafood, including prawns, groupers, abalones, lobsters, mud crab, scallops, oysters, mud clams and squids.Narcius, medicine “Pianzihuang”, and “Inkpad” produced locally are known as “three treasures” of Zhangzhou”, famous both in China and abroad.The tourism handicrafts of puppet carving, seashell pictures and jade carvings of the nine-dragon wall are very popular among Chinese and foreign tourists.
Zhangzhou is a famous hometown for the overseas Chinese and Taiwanese.Over 700,000 people from Zhangzhou are now living in Hong Kong and Macao.About one third of the population in Taiwan is originally from Zhangzhou.It has become a destination of pilgrimage and paying visits to their native hometown for the overseas Chinese and Taiwan patriots.
1.Zhangzhou southeast Flower Capital -- Flower Museum Park 东南花都——花博园
National AAAA scenic site, it is located at Makou Town, the northeast of Zhangpu County, Zhangzhou, Fujian Province.Covering an area of 7800 Mu, it is the largest modern ecological agriculture park and the largest flower producer in Fujian Province.It is a multi-functional ecological tourism base which integrates flower trading with shopping, recreation, sightseeing, ecological tourism, outdoor exercise and training.Inside the scenic spot, there is a flower museum, a nursery, a scientific park, a service park and the main exhibition hall.Facilities for recreation are available for archery, swimming, angling, and boating.There is also a flower supermarket and a holiday resort.Fresh melons and fruits, seafood, and local delicacies are served all year round.
2.National geological Park and Zhangzhou Coastal Volcano 漳州滨海火山 国家地质公园
The national geological park is located along the coast of Zhangpu and Longhai of Zhangzhou Municipality, Fujian Province.
Covering an area of 100 km2, it is a typical Age 3 volcano geographical park, composed of “two mountains, two islands and three bays”.The geological geomorphologic terrain was formed by the central eruption of the volcano and the wind and sea erosion between 28.61 million and 15.41 million years ago, due to the movement of Himalayas.It reflects the movement of the new generation of volcanoes and the involvement of the geological structure in the west Pacific Ocean.A batch of physiognomic wonders, such as the volcano outlet in the shape of eight diagrams (for fortune telling), “plum flower pole”, the column of bubble holes, corals, fish-scale shaped stone water fall, sea eroded caves, sea eroded cliffs have been created by nature, hence the name of marine terra cotta.
3.Zhangpu Tianfu Tea Museum 漳浦天福茶博物院
National AAAA scenic spot and national agriculture demonstration site, it is Located at Pantuo Township, the side of No 324 State highway, the west of Zhanpu County.
Tianfu Group’s headquarter covers a ground space of 80 MU and is the largest tea museum in the world.It consists of four exhibition halls: the main exhibition hall, the Claroom for the Chinese tea art, the hall for Japanese tea, and an art gallery.
The main exhibition hall displays the tea culture of the world, the history of Chinese tea development, the procedure of tea proceing, tea art and tea-ware, tea poems/paintings, and tea and health.The statue of the “Fire seed paed from one generation to another”: Standing at the entrance of the temple, the statue is unique in design.It displays an cow pulling a cart with a calf and the old is teaching the young how to work, indicating the tea culture paed from one generation to another.The claroom of the Chinese tea art: Each day there are 5-6 shows of the tea art and tea courtesy of different Chinese ethnic groups from different dynasties.4.Mangrove at Zhang River Estuary 漳江口红树林 National natural reserve, it is located in the estuary of Zhang River at Yunxiao County, Fujian Province.The mangrove at Zhang River Estuary grows naturally on the beach of the tidal zone, covering an area of 2360 ha.It is the mangrove of the largest scale, the most diversified species and the best growing north of the equator.Among them, Baigurang species occupies of 20 ha.and is an evergreen arbor tree species, with grey tree bark.Under the mangrove are many marine organisms, including skip fish, lobsters, crabs, mud clams, sea snails, and eels.The mangrove area is also inhabited by green-head ducks, grey wild geese, bean wild geese, black-mouth gulls, and aigrette.There are a number of endangered species; including two Cla I state protected animals, one most endangered species, six endangered species, two threatened species, 19 state cla-II protected animals, 77 migrating birds under the protection of the Sino-Japanese agreement, 41 migrating birds under the protection of the Sino-Australian Agreement.In addition, there are also many seaweeds growing under the mangrove, having formed a unique natural ecological view.
5.Dongshan Fengdong Rock 东山风动石
A National AAAA scenic spot located at the east end of Tonglin Town, Dongshan County, Fujian Province.Acceible directly by bus, it is 120 km from Zhangzhou city, 135 km from Shantou and 209 km from Xiamen.Fengdong Rock scenic site covers an area of 15 hectares.The major tourist attractions include Fengdongshi, Guandi Temple, ancient Tongshan Town, Hukongdiyu, Shisenbaita, Diaoaotai, Xianmianchuang, Baozhi Temple, Chenghuang Temple, Huang Daozhou Memorial Hall, Dongshan Museum, the residential relics of Huang Daozhou, stele corridor, folk custom corner, Mural of Sun rock, Guizi Rock, octagon ancient well.6.Longhai Mercy Temple 龙海慈济宫 A State-level protected cultural relic located at Baijiao Village, Jiaomei Township, Longhai city, Fujian Province.It is 30 km from the Zhangzhou city.It was built during the Year Songjingyou, over 900 years ago.Covering an area of 1609.5 km2, the temple has been well protected.
Mercy Temple is a palace museum in South Fujian Province, belonging to the original temple of Baosheng Imperia and the original temple for Taiwan Baosheng Imperia Temple.The temple faces the south and was built in the background of the mountains, rising with the mountain terrain.Starting from the central axis, the temple has a front hall, the door yard, veranda, central hall and rear hall, from the southwest to the northeast.On the two sides of the door yard, there is a bell building and a drum building.The main tourist attraction includes Longquanjing (dragon spring well), Jizhaoding, large stone lions, Feitian yueshi (flying music angel).
7.Sanping Temple 三平寺
A National AAAA scenic spot located in the Sanping Gorge in the territory of Wenfeng Town of Pinghe County, the Southwest of Zhangzhou city, Fujian Province.It covers a total area of over 4000 m2.The temple has three halls and two gates (internal and external), and an internal door and a gate to the mountain.There are daxionbaodian, Zudian, Tadian, known as Sanluoban locally.On the opposite of the gate to the scenic spot, there stands a giant marble sculpture of the founder of the temple.The axis of the three halls is shaped as moving snake, which is unique in the temple architecture in China.Centered at Sanping temple, which is over 1000 years old, the central scenic spot covers an area of 12 km2, including Sanping Temple, Guanji Park, Yinke Park, Cilang Pavilion, Maoshi Cave, Turtle Mountain, Tiger Forest, Hupa Spring, Longrui Waterfall, and the Memorial Hall commemorating the joining of the Red Army forces, hence the name of 8 ancient scenic spots and 24 modern scenic spots.It attracts a lot of visitors especially when ceremonies are held each year on lunar January 6th to celebrate the birthday of the founder of the temple, on lunar June 6th to mark the anniversary of the founder entry to religion, and on lunar November 6th to celebrate the anniversary of the death the founder of the temple.8.Nanjing Tianluokeng Earth-building Group 南靖田螺坑土楼群
group, with a grand outlook.Standing on the middle of the mountain, facing the south, it is composed of five earth buildings.The square building, called Buyunlou (Cloud stepping building) stands in the middle, and surrounded by three round buildings (Ruiyun Buiding, Hechang Building and Zhenchang Building) and one elliptical building (Wenchang Building).
Five buildings were built according to the positions of “gold, wood, water, fire, and earth”, and not only for aesthetic reasons, but also for the function of fortification.Specialities & Delicacies of Zhangzhou
1 .Seasoned Noodles Seasoned noodles are made from the ingredients of shredded pork, shredded bamboo shoots, mushrooms, squids, dried shrimp and day lilies as the ingredients.They are stir fried and boiled with pork bone soup, and then MSG, sugar, and salt and sweet potato starch is added to make a seasoning.When the noodles are served, they are added with fried leek, bean sprouts and the seasoning, and some black pepper, fried ground garlic, fried shredded fish and caraways.
2.Nasheng Sesame Dates Pinghe County is famous for its tea deert for more than 70 years.Nansheng sesame dates are made from sticky rice, taro, sugar, maltose, peanut oil and white sesamum in three procedures.It is featured in being crispy, tender, sweet and elastic.
3.Nansheng Salty Duck Nansheng Salty Duck has a history of hundreds years and is named after Nansheng town of Pinghe County where the duck is produced.Nansheng salty Duck is made from the local native ducks.The slaughtered ducks are gutted, salted, and dried in the sunlight in a series of proceing procedure for several days.The salty duck is a convenient food.It only needs to be washed and steamed before being served.If rice wine is added, the smell and taste will be even better.4.Shouzhuamian (Hand grabbing noodles) Shouzhuamain, known as “Douganmainfen” or “Wuxiangmianfen” locally, is made from wheat flour material, ingredients and seasoning.The wheat flour material is the alkali noodles which are boiled and spread in a round shape on a bamboo screen to form pan-cakes (called “Mianfen” locally).When it is served on the table, “Mianfen” is laid with fried tofu, or “five spiced rolls”, as well as sweet flour jam, peanut jam, mustard jam and garlic vinegar jam and eaten by grabbing with the fingers, hence the name of “Shouzhuamian” (hand grabbing noodles”).
A popular tea cake, shaped in pillow in the size of a little finger, Xiaoxi pillow cake is produced through a number of fine procedures.First, the stuffing of the cake has to be carefully selected.They are fine wheat flour, pork fat, and maltose.The ingredients are made according to the “secret formula”, to ensure that the stuffing will melt as soon as put into mouth without having residues.Then the cake is baked with small fire in a pan, which requires a high skill to ensure an even baking and avoid burning.The traditional pillow cakes are packed in two layers, separated by bamboo leaves.Each package contains eight cakes.
Bajitian is the root of Bajitian herb, also named Buchou herb and Sanman herb.As a valuable Chinese medical herb, it has the functions of invigorating the kidney and strengthening Yang, expelling wind-evil, resolving wetne, and nourishing blood.In the book entitled “Shennong Bencao Jing” Bajitian is highly valued as the “Southern Jinsen”.Hexi Township has become a major producer of Bajitian in China and gained the reputation of the “home of Bajitian”.A number of proceed Bajitian products, including Bajitian wine, have been developed and produced locally.
7.Eight-treasured Ink Pad It is made from top quality of pearl, agate, muskine, coral, monkey dates, plum slice and Airong, mixed with castor oil, and Biaoyinzhu.With bright colour, and aromatic smell, the ink pad would neither melt in water; nor dry in dry weather; nor mould in rainy season; nor leak oil in summer and nor freeze in winter.As the ink pad does not lose its colour in either water or fire, it has been fancied by calligraphers and painters both domestically and abroad.It has won the excellence prize and special prize respectively on the Southeast Asian fair and the Panama fair.
8.Pinghe Guanxi Pomelo Big in size and sweet in taste, Guanxi pomelo is originated in the valley of Guanxi River and is the traditional valuable fruit produced in Pinghe County.
Guanxi pomelo has been grown in the local area for over 500 years.During Qianlong years of Qing Dynasty, Guanxi pomelo was the tribute article for the emperor.Tongzhi Emperor granted Guanxi pomelo a stamp and a black dragon flag as the tag for the tribute.The unique flavour of the fruit has won the first prize in the succeive five years on the national pomelo competitions.Ranking in an advanced position in China, Guanxi pomelo has gained the reputation of “Pomelo King”.
9.Tianbao Banana Banana is one of the six major fruits produced in Fujian Province.Situated by the Jiulong River and backed by Tianbao Mountain, Tianbao Township has a mild and humid climate which provides a favourable condition for the growth of bananas.The bananas produced in Tianbao are famous at home and abroad, due to their thin skin, nice smell, sweet taste, soft meat and no cores.
10.Tianfu Tea foodstuffs Produced exclusively by Tianren Foodstuff Plant of Tianfu Group, Tianfu tea cakes are made from the quality materials through modern proceing technique in a strictly controlled quality.Characteristic in low sugar, low fat and low calorie, the products have paed ISO9001 and ISO9002 International quality attestation.At present, there are over 50 products in 6 major categories: sweets, cakes, tea cakes, preserved fruits, nuts, and instant tea.Tianfu tea products are sold all over the world.The company has established a number of franchise shops in Taiwan, America, Canada, Japan, and Malaysia, and has become a intra-group which owns nearly one hundred franchised shops.
11.Zhangpu Paper Cutting Zhangpu paper cutting is a technique based dominantly by “Yin cutting” and aisted by “Yang cutting”.When displaying feather and flower pedals, the artists often use the technique of “row cutting”, to create a vivid image of the object which is as fine and dense as hair.The traditional subjects for the local paper cutting include flowers, birds, melons, fruits, fish and insects, as well as lucky symbols, historic stories and figures.The paper cuttings of “Cock Fighting”, “Rats Wedding”, “Couple Lotus Flower” and “Twelve Zodiac Symbols” are the most popular.
12.Zhangzhou Cotton Portraits The portraits are made mainly from de-fat cotton by applying the principle and rules of painting in combination with the techniques of colour Caizha (handicraft) and emboment through pinching, moulding, plaster, drop-dye and framing to form a strong three-dimensioned picture.As cotton fabric is fine and soft in quality, and identical to feather and leather, the portraits are mainly made in the subjects animals, such as cranes, peacocks, eagles, cats and tigers.Since the cotton portrait was first developed in early 1960s, dozens of varieties of portraits in several categories have been made, and become popular house decorations and souvenirs.
13.Zhangzhou Pianzaihuang Pianzaihuang is an outstanding product of the traditional Chinese herbal medicine, known as “famous medicine of national treasure” among the overseas Chinese.It is a medicine proceed from the traditional valuable Chinese medical herbs, with a history of over 450 years.Pianzaihuang is made from the valuable Chinese herbs, including Shexiang, Niuhuang, snake’s gall and Tianqi.It is remarkably effective in curing chronic liver disease, diminishing inflammations, killing pains, preventing wounds of cutting and burning from inflammation, accelerating the healing of wounds.
14.Zhangzhou Narcisus Narcius is a provincial flower of Fujian province and the city flower of Zhangzhou Municipality.Narcius has been grown in Zhangzhou for over 500 years.The techniques for growing and ikebana of narcius are gradually developed to an exquisite botanic culture.The botanists have created the narcius carving bonsai technique which can make narcius bloom in the predicted time.In the spring Festival each year, every house hold would have narcius bonsais.The greening and the aroma of narcius symbolizes good luck and happine.
Zhangzhou Folk Culutre
Famous for their strong, aggreive and skilful fighting tactics, the Zhangzhou fighting cocks have been listed as one of the four major types of fighting rooster in China.They have repeatedly established the reputation of being “unbeatable” in the competitions held in Taiwan, Hong Kong and the Southeast Asian Countries.In recent years, the development of the cock fighting industry has been promoted in Zhangzhou Municipality and a cock fighting society has been established in local area.The society has organized activities of “cock king competition” and Zhangzhou cock fighting culture fair, established a website of Zhangzhou cock fighting and Zhangzhou native fighting cocks farm, which have attracted attention both at home and abroad.
Nanjing Zhuma (Bamboo Horse) Opera
Nanjing Zhuma opera originated in Mazhen of Tang Dynisty, became popular in Song Dynasty and reached its peak in Qing Dynasty.
Zhuma (bamboo horse) is also called Mayi (horse art), madeng (horse lamp), zhumadeng (bamboo horse lamp), using a bamboo horse as the prop.The bamboo horses are made from bamboo skins for the framework, which are glued with red, black, blue and white paper to form the horse shape.When the performance is presented, the front part of the horse is hung in front of the actor’s belly while the rear part of the horse is arranged on the waist of the actor.In this way, the actor looks like riding the horse.The opera is sung with Gezai melody in the local dialect spoken in the southern Fujian.The dialogue is presented with colloquial doggerel in the performance and displays a strong rural style and deep folk culture.
Zhanghzhou Xiang Opera
Xiang opera is a major local opera, originally named Gezai opera, also named Zidi Play.Gezi opera was originated in Jinge of Zhangzhou, but developed and formed in Yilan of Taiwan.It is very popular in the Southern Fujian province, including Zhangzhou, Xiamen, and Quanzhou, as well as Yilan of Taiwan and the Southeast countries where many overseas Chinese have migrated.
Xiang Opera is mainly presented in the Southern Fujian dialect by actors and actre, which is vivid, humorous and easy to understand.There are over 500 traditional Xiang opera plays.The representatives include “Lei Wanchun beat Tiger”, “nectornade in Hometown of Overseas Chinese”, “An-an Looking for Mother”.The feature of Xiang opera is that it has more singing than speaking, with strong rhythm, expreive force and folk sentiment.
广东开平位于珠江三角洲西南,距广州110公里,东北距江门市46公里,位于江门五邑中心,是著名的侨乡。数百年来,华侨文化的兴盛和发展,造就了侨乡独树一帜的建筑风格和民风。
自明朝以来,开平因位于新会、台山、恩平、新兴四县之间,为“四不管”之地,匪盗猖獗,治安混乱;加上河流众多,每遇台风暴雨,洪涝灾害频发。鸦片战争以后,中国国内动荡不安,而此时恰是美国、加拿大和澳洲等地出现淘金热,需要大量劳动力的时期,开平许多地区的社会底层民众或被“卖猪仔”,或作为契约华工,或以家庭移民的方式离开家乡,踏上一条未知的天涯之路,很多人从此一去便杳无音信。但中国人“衣锦还乡”、“落叶归根”情结让那些幸存的“金山伯”们挣到钱后首先想到的就是汇钱回家或亲自回国操办“三件事”:买地、建房和娶亲。
“金山伯”们以他们带回来的居住国建筑的印象碎片和从国外寄回来的“普市卡”(乡民叫做“公仔纸”)上印有世界各地风光与不同国家建筑的明信片为依据,边施工边指导工匠建造他们的“理想家园”。
从清末到民国初年,开平兵贼如毛,“金山伯”们不得不考虑建楼兼有居住和防御功能。因此,开平碉楼把中国传统乡土建筑艺术与西方建筑风格融为一体,成了“金山伯”们的记忆力和土生工匠们想象力的结合物。
在鼎盛时期开平有3000多座碉楼,民间一直有“无碉楼不成村”的说法。现存的碉楼有1833座,主要集中在塘口、百合、赤坎、蚬冈、长沙五镇。
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――百万葵园
百万葵园主题公园,位于广州市南沙区万顷沙镇,占地面积26万平方米,种植一百万株向日葵,它将为广州这座国际花园城市大大增光添彩,成为目前全国第一家、全部采用进口种子(以日本为主)的观赏性向日葵乐园。园内有向日葵基地、神秘玫瑰园、薰衣草基地、欢乐区、松鼠乐园。
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――帽峰山森林公园
“广州第一峰”就在帽峰山,其海拔534.9米,比白云山摩星岭还要高152.9米。从帽峰山景区正门走上峰顶,最快仅需1个小时。而沿途还有两大景点不容错过,那就是古庙景区及天湖茶花园。
在天湖茶花园景区,由山间下泄的泉水,组成了一个面积约6800平方米的天然湖泊。湖心岛上,一棵棵天然生长的香樟树正在肆意舒展枝叶。而湖边,傲雪、金盘荔枝、九曲等20多个品种的茶花争相开放,惹人怜爱。
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――从化石门森林公园
走在碧绿的天池旁边,看着纯粹的一片金黄,呼吸着清新的空气,感受着凉爽的轻风,仰望着蓝天白云,是如此惬意。行于“梯田油 菜花“间的田园小路上,感受着世外桃源带给人们的静谧与详和,让人忘记纷扰,内心得以平静。
山坡上,田野边,桃花树下,梦中遥远的油菜花田,婺源以外,还 有石门;森林环抱,水明如镜的湖泊边,浩瀚蔓延的黄金花海,青海湖以外,还有石门!不必远赴千里,一个石门满足您两个愿望!
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――天鹿湖森林公园
萝岗区东北部的广州天鹿湖森林公园,素有“广州东肺”美称,拥有广州市区唯一一片大规模禾雀花原生态景观。每年禾雀花开,都会有一拨接一拨的市民踏足而至。漫山的禾雀花次第开放,粗圆如巨蟒,柔细如腰带的藤蔓攀岩走壁,匍地而过,绕树而上,如千秋、似荡绳,飞挂于大树之间,交织于林冠之上,花朵串串挂在藤蔓上,每串二、三十朵不等,远看就像一群群禾雀栖息,或嬉闹于密林之中,可谓“一藤成景、千藤闹春、百鸟归巢、万鸟栖枝”。
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――增城白水寨
景区内崇山峻岭,群峰挺拔,海拔在1000米以上的山峰就有9座,其中最高峰为海拔1088米的牛牯嶂,山体高大、山势险峻、线条挺直,集雄、奇、险、秀于一身。山顶是花岗岩“球状风化”形成的怪异石蛋、岩洞,岩体表面有很多龟裂状的圆圈,这在南方各省花岗岩地貌中实属罕见。
风景区奇峰奇石林立,鬼斧神工,有令人望而生畏的悬崖峭壁,有重达千吨的山顶巨石有长眠山下的卧佛,有维肖维妙的镇山神龟,有游向深潭的鳄鱼,有威武的将军石,有圣洁的母乳石,还有石象、麒麟、石海豚……真是目不暇接,数不胜数。
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――溪头村
溪头村位于从化市良口镇东部地区,距离广州市区105公里,村内河流众多,总长约8公里,是流溪河的主要源头之一。溪头村盛产三华李、青梅、红柿、沙糖桔等水果,寻着流溪河的源头,可以看到有数百年历史建筑群CC福田里、金紫里、济阳里,在经历了几个世纪的风风雨雨后,这些历史古迹依然安静地守在村中一隅。这里空气清新,生态保护良好,民风淳朴,是大都市居民返璞归真、回归自然、细细体会和品位生活细节的绝佳去处。
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――岭南印象园
岭南春来早,练溪春意浓。明媚的三月里,岭南印象园,繁花似锦,逞妍斗色。油菜花金灿清丽、桃花嫣红妖娆,樱花落红缤纷,合欢花艳丽夺目,还有黄金柳、紫椰花、牵牛花。练溪畔、石桥边,花颜映水,娇容烂漫;后山侧、小径旁,陌上花开,彩蝶娇翩。寻美岭南印象园,沐浴春色,踏歌赏花,绘出一幅春日丽景图。
在这里,还可以看到全新大型综合表演“印象岭南”,它结合了鸡公榄、赛龙夺锦、客家杯花舞、火木棉传说、雨打芭蕉等古老岭南文化故事,以精彩绝伦的杂技和曼妙动人的歌舞演绎和诠释岭南文化的精髓和独特魅力。全新改版的“激情岁月”样板戏包含了万泉河水、红梅赞、保卫黄河等红色歌舞,红色年代的女子更有别样风情。
广州有什么旅游景点适合清明节去――宝墨园
位于番禺区沙湾镇的宝墨园南粤苑,一年四季鲜花盛放,总会引来蜜蜂蝴蝶嬉戏其中。三月,更是玫瑰盛开的最佳时候,游人可流连于玫瑰花海中,度过特别节日。而园区里除了应节的玫瑰外,还有很多鲜艳时花争相绽放,让游客们如同置身于花海中。