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我是坐18日晚上6点到哈尔滨的T236到达武昌的,到达时间是早上5点半。一下火车我就跑去买了回来的车票――20晚上9点半从石家庄开出的车。在售票处千万要多问售票员,我去到第一个售票员那里无论问什么她都说没有,可是我跑到第二个那里就很快买到了票。买了票,走过天桥底到了火车站对面的工交车站,这时候工交车已经差不多开了,可是票价很奇怪,居然是1块2角,大家记得带点零钱去阿。因为我要去找读书的表妹,所以坐518在华中科技大学下车。
在华中科技大学门口坐工交车就可以到武汉大学,因为我们去得早(才早上8点),卖票的工作人员还在摆弄桌子,所以我们大模大样的走了进去。在武汉大学里面看看它的建筑和绿化都不错的。走了大概10分钟就可以到达樱花观赏的地方。远远地望去,一片白茫茫的云烟飘在蓝色的天空,走近了我们才知道那就是梦寐以求的樱花。我情不自禁走到它的跟前,抓起相机在那里猛拍.....不得不提一下武汉大学的那一栋男生宿舍,依山而建,层层叠上,还是要命的民国建筑,樱花在它的面前原来也只是点缀而已。当风一吹过,点点花瓣飘舞落在男生宿舍的路上、窗台上和书桌上的时候,武汉学子也无法不动情吧。可惜,还是有一点可惜――樱花都是白色的,偶尔有些是粉红的,听人家说红色的樱花还要晚一点才开,可是绝对没有这时候开的灿烂。
10点半我们出去校门口,往前走了一段路到了一家“蔡林记”的地方,然后进去吃了热干面、豆皮和天津包子。热干面建议不要吃虾皮的,实在是太干了,要拼命喝水。豆皮新鲜作出来的不错,值得一吃。包子建议不要买汤包。
11点半我们就在武汉大学门口坐了一辆工交车到了磨山公园,25元一个人,比较贵的。里面很大,没有什么人,有楚城、楚天阁和各种植物的院子。这个季节里面有些桃花开得很灿烂。我来到了樱花园,里面洋溢着日本的气息,有日本传统的塔、灯笼、溪流和小路。面积也很大,种了几千棵。美中不足的是里面的樱花还小,过个2。3年一定比武汉大学的规模要大很多。3点半我们就差不多逛完了,因为昨天晚上在火车上没有睡好,所以还是早点回去睡觉吧。晚上住宿的地点就在华中科技大学里面,100元一晚。里面设备简单,可是幸亏比较安全。而且大学里面的伙食也不错,在这里我们基本上把武汉的名小吃都吃过了,什么莲藕排骨汤、武昌鱼等等。
第二天一早,我们就坐去汉口火车站的车,在古琴台的站下,然后坐旅游车401到归元寺。我们在旅游车上面买了通票,每人5元,一天任坐。后来发现想我们这样没有去什么地方的,其实买通票也不抵。到了归元寺门口千万不要买香火,因为进门就会被工作人员没收了,他们会另外每个人给三炷香给你烧。里面数罗汉比较出名的。我觉得最好就是在里面的素斋馆,做的东西非常逼真,而且相当够分量。两个人吃40-50元足够啦。推荐那个梅菜扣肉、香芋炒田螺,东坡素饼。
从归元寺出来,到下车的对面坐车就可以到了武汉港。之所以来到这里,因为想看看武汉外滩的景色。比较一下上海的外滩。武汉的外滩没有上海的外滩那么拥挤。不过也有足够的背景,市政府刚刚对所有的古色建筑重新进行了装修。可惜天公不作美,乌云盖了过来,估计很快要下大雨了。我们只好放下街道里面的建筑不管,匆匆浏览了一次就赶到港口坐船渡江。港口在武汉海关旁边。我们坐5元一个人的快船,容纳10个人左右。渡江的时候雨丝越来越大,居然遇到了“越近长江大桥,就是越看不到长江大桥”的情绪。我们好不容易在渡口等到雨小了,才往前走去黄鹤楼。黄鹤楼居然要25一个人,天乌云没有散去而且去看一个楼不值得。我们就过对面马路坐车回去了。在过天桥的时候可以看到黄鹤楼的侧面,照相也不错。我们发现在黄鹤楼对面没有我们要坐回去科技大学的车,只好坐401到了街道口转车。
6点钟回到了大学里面,然后去吃饭,7点半我们就出发去武昌火车站了。时间比较充裕,只是没有时间去shopping,我们只好在火车站的一家商店买了当地的特产,其中天宴麻糖不错,值得买多一些。整个来回每人花了低于500元。
匆匆来,匆匆去。武汉就在两天之内留在我的脑海里面了。如果我再次来,我会去看看磨山的樱花、武汉外滩一栋栋藏在巷子里面的古色建造。可那绝对是几年以后啦!
Ladies and gentlemen: Hello! Welcome to Wuhan, a beautiful city of rivers. Today we are going to visit the Red Mansion, the famous site of the 1911 Revolution.
Before arriving at the Red Mansion, please allow me to briefly introduce the general situation of the Red Mansion.
As the "thoroughfare of nine provinces" and the "hub of North and South China", Wuhan plays an important role in military affairs. The 1911 Revolution, which overthrew the feudal monarchy for more than 2000 years, is also the journey from Wuhan to change Chinese history. Therefore, Wuhan is known as the first place of the 1911 Revolution.
. The revolution of 1911 made great achievements in "overthrowing the monarchy and establishing the Republic". Wuchang, as the first place of the revolution of 1911, has remained in China for thousands of years.
At the south end of Shouyi road in Wuchang, in the shade of the north end of Yuemachang, there are a group of red buildings. Because of its red walls and red tiles, the people of the Han Dynasty affectionately call it the red building. This is the former site of the Hubei military governor's office of the military government of the Republic of China. The whole courtyard covers an area of 18000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 6000 square meters. Honglou was built in 1910, the predecessor of which was the Hubei Provincial Consultative Bureau set up by the Qing government to play with the "constitutional" scam. On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out. The next day, revolutionaries and uprising soldiers gathered in the Hubei Provincial Advisory Bureau and announced the establishment of the Hubei military government with Li Yuanhong as its governor
The first notice announced the abolition of Xuantong year of the Qing Dynasty, called on all provinces to respond to the Wuchang Uprising and establish the Republic of China, thus opening the epoch-making "door of the Republic of China".
In the center of the square stands a bronze statue of Sun Yat Sen, which was cast in 1931. Mr. Sun Yat Sen stands facing south, wearing a long gown and mandarin jacket, holding a staff in his left hand and a hat in his right. Gaze into the distance. At the south end of the monument is Li Yuanhong's memorial to Huang Xing. The monument is square in shape, protruding on all sides, with a cone at the top. It is sharp and upward. It has a kind of spirit of "piercing the green sky but not remaining". On the wall of the red chamber memorial hall is a plaque inscribed by Song Qingling, the honorary president of the people's Republic of China, "the former site of the military government of the Wuchang Uprising.". The main building of the red building is a two-story building of red brick and wood structure, with a width of 73 meters and a depth of 42 meters. The style is elegant and solemn: granite platform, red brick wall, columns in front of the corridor, flying head under the eaves and parapet on the eaves. The exterior wall is built with brick and decorated with false columns, column heads, hanging flowers, hanging grasses and lotus patterns. In the middle of the roof stands the "Gui" - shaped watchtower (originally a dome, which was destroyed by Qing artillery shells on December 1, 1911). The plan of the main building is in the shape of "mountain". There are prominent porches and return lanes in front of the building. The front and two wings are the foyer and office. The center of the rear is the hall.
A series of venues, such as the gate of the military government, the hall of the military government, Li Yuanhong's living room and reception room, Sun Yat Sen's reception room in Hubei, Huang Xing's conference room for holding military conferences, and the Secretariat of the military government where Song Jiaoren drafted the draft of the interim Treaty of the PRC and the Republic of China in Ezhou, were restored in the memorial hall. The mysterious and solemn historical scene of that year was reappeared, and the tense and hot atmosphere condensed in it The fierce fighting atmosphere deeply affected every visitor. A large number of detailed historical materials vividly reflect the first uprising of Wuchang and the revolution of 1911, which can not only increase visitors' understanding of the history of the Republic of China, but also enhance their admiration for Dr. Sun Yat Sen. Although the story of President Sun Yat sen in London is vivid, it weakens the image of Dr. Sun Yat Sen as a professional revolutionary. In order to overthrow the feudal monarchy, Dr. Sun Yat Sen traveled all over the world to publicize the revolution and devoted himself to organizational construction. He also directly led the anti Qing uprising in Qinlian and Huanghuagang. He was indeed a great pioneer of China's democratic revolution. The success of Wuchang's first righteousness is naturally attributed to Sun Wen. Han people's understanding of Huang Xing
There are still Huangxing Road and Baijiang stage, and Huang Xing's memorial bronze statue on the hillside of the Yellow Crane Tower theater. The people of Jiangcheng have not forgotten that he went to Wuhan at the critical moment when the Dragon had no head and the city was about to be destroyed. They have not forgotten that he was "ordered to be in danger" in the battle of Yangxia, devoted himself to the great cause of the Republic, and followed Zhongshan in the revolution of 1911 Mr. Wang's many wonderful achievements and painstaking efforts to establish the Republic of China.
On September 25, 1911, during the revolution of 1911, Rong County became independent, and a military government was established to exercise military, political, financial and cultural power. The military government was set up in the county office. The former site (behind the office building of the people's Government) consists of three halls, back halls and wing rooms on both sides of the old county office. It is of timber structure, with bucket beam and single eaves. The two halls are combined, with a corridor in front, 1.6 meters wide. It covers a total area of 700 square meters. This is the exhibition room of the independent history of Rongxian county during the revolution of 1911. It is a provincial-level cultural relic protection unit. On the eaves of the main hall of the exhibition hall, there is a plaque inscribed by Hu Yaobang on "the site of the former Rongxian military government, the first righteousness of the 1911 Revolution"; on the front of the hall, there are portraits of Wu Yuzhang, long Mingjian, Wang Tianjie and Pu Xun; the cultural relics include wooden "water and electricity newspaper" (copy), saber, iron spear, historical notice and photo, etc. There are flowers and trees in the hospital, and the environment is quiet.
Well, we are here. Now, please come down with me to visit!
Please see, the building in front of us is the former site of the governor's office of the Hubei army and the main building of the memorial hall. It was originally the Hubei Advisory Bureau established by the Qing government, and its architectural style imitated the Western parliament building. In front of the building is Tongxin square, which means "a new cross-strait, peaceful reunification"; behind the building is the member's residence; there are also East and West buildings, among which the East building is dedicated to display more than 300 pieces of 1911 cultural relics, many of which are rare treasures in the world.
Today, we mainly visit two basic exhibitions of the memorial: one is the restoration exhibition of the former site of the governor's residence of the Hubei army, which is arranged in the red building; the other is the exhibition of the historical records of the Wuchang Uprising of the 1911 Revolution, which is arranged in the xipeilou.
OK, now please follow me to the red chamber to visit the exhibition of site restoration!
Now we are in the conference hall of the governor's office of the Hubei army, which used to be the conference hall of the Advisory Council. In the middle of the rostrum, we can see a flag. It is called the eighteen star flag. It is the military flag of the Wuchang Uprising. After the founding of the Republic of China, the eighteen star flag was moved to the army flag of the Republic of China. The 18 yellow stars on the flag represent the Chinese people of the 18 provinces in Shanhaiguan. The red background is blood, and the black background is iron and weapon. The theme and symbolic meaning is that the Chinese people of the 18 provinces unite to overthrow the rule of the Qing Dynasty with "iron spirit", that is, force. The Proclamation on the left of the 18 star flag is the first proclamation issued by Li Yuanhong after he was promoted as the governor. It is the first Proclamation The release of the Internet has played a certain role in stabilizing people's minds.
There is a picture on the right side of taikou, which shows that Dr. Sun Yat Sen was welcomed by all walks of life during his visit to Hubei in April 1912. In April 1912, Sun Yat Sen first visited Hubei after resigning from the post of interim president. On April 10, Dr. Sun Yat Sen delivered a speech here.
This is the Ministry of foreign affairs. Hu Ying, a member of the revolutionary party, was a former minister. It was one of the nine ministries (military orders, staff officers, military affairs, internal affairs, foreign affairs, transportation, financial management, justice and establishment) set up by the governor's office of the Hubei army after October 25, 1911. It is an important symbol of the Hubei military governor's office acting on behalf of the central government. At the beginning of its establishment, the military government issued diplomatic notes to the five consulates in Hankou, calling for the recognition of the Republic of China. But the five countries have been slow to give a reply. It was not until October 17, when the people's army and the Qing army launched a fierce battle in liujiamiao, Hankou, and the people's army won a complete victory, that the five countries saw the strength of the revolutionaries. Therefore, they issued a notice recognizing that the people's army and the Qing army were equal entities and that they remained neutral. In fact, the notice recognized the status of the civil army and was a blow to the Qing Dynasty. Of course, this announcement was only a piece of paper later, because the five countries secretly helped Yuan Shikai win the presidency. It can be seen that these capitalist countries are very reluctant to see China take the road of independent capitalism.
OK, next, let's go to xipeilou to visit the "exhibition of historical relics of Wuchang Uprising", which is divided into seven parts and nine halls.
From Wuhan in the late Qing Dynasty, the birth of the Wuchang Uprising, to the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, the establishment of the governor's office of the Hubei army, to the founding of the Republic of China, and now the commemoration of the first righteousness of Wuhan. The panorama shows the history and influence of Wuchang Uprising.
After the Opium War, the great powers set off a frenzy to carve up China, and Wuhan, known as the "thoroughfare of nine provinces", was not spared. Since the establishment of British concession in Hankou in 1961, Germany, France, Russia, Japan and other countries have come one after another. Taking the concession as a stronghold, they invaded and infiltrated Hubei politically, militarily and culturally. At the same time, the crisis of feudal rule was deepening day by day. In the face of internal and external troubles, the ruling class has some insightful people, among whom Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang, is one. In order to turn the tide around, he began to carry out the "Hubei new deal" in Hubei, which was widely heard at home and abroad. The main idea was "Chinese style and Western application", which was based on Chinese traditional feudal moral thought and used western advanced scientific and technological means to maintain the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty.
After the defeat of the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, Zhang Zhidong was deeply stimulated. In order to strengthen his military strength, he began to establish a "new army" in Hubei Province. In addition to the characteristics of weapons and clothing, Zhang Zhidong also strongly advocated that scholars should serve as soldiers. It became a fashion at that time to join the army. This foreshadowed the revolutionary party's propaganda and agitation of the new army uprising in the new army. Zhang Zhidong's "New Deal" in Hubei objectively prepared conditions for China's change. After a series of setbacks, the revolutionaries embarked on a more pragmatic road. Many revolutionaries participated in the uprising. On the eve of the Wuchang Uprising, one third of the 15000 new army in Hubei were revolutionaries.
After the success of the Wuchang Uprising, the revolutionaries immediately established the governor's office of the Hubei army, elected Li Yuanhong, the former commander of the 21st mixed Association of the Qing army, as the governor, and announced the establishment of the Republic of China. After hearing the news, the Qing government was greatly shocked, and sent army Minister Yin Chang and navy commander SA Zhenbing to lead the waterway army to Wuhan. Yuan Shikai was reappointed to command the army to attack Wuhan. After the establishment of the military government, the army was immediately expanded to prepare for war. Wuhan citizens enthusiastically joined the army. Within three days, 30000 people were recruited and went to battle with the Qing army without training. Because the people's army relied on the streets and alleys of Hankou to block everywhere, Feng Guozhang, the commander of the Qing army, ordered the burning of Hankou, turning the prosperous market into scorched earth.
After hearing the news of the uprising, Huang Xing, a member of the revolutionary party, disguised himself all the way and took a boat to Wuhan to deploy a counterattack against the Qing army. After that, Li Yuanhong appointed Huang Xing as the strategic commander-in-chief to be responsible for the defense of Yangxia. The wax figure of Huang Xing, made by clay figurine Zhang, reflects the situation of the governor in those days. Although the battle ended with the withdrawal of the civilian army in Wuchang, the civilian army held on for 14 days with more than 10000 people, which reduced the obstacles for the independence of other provinces and won time. It can be said that "victory in defeat" means "victory in defeat".
The Wuchang Uprising received corresponding support from most provinces in China, first from Hunan and Shaanxi, and then from Jiangxi, Shanxi, Yunnan and other provinces. In 1911, Sun Yat Sen returned from abroad and became the provisional president of the Republic of China on New Year's day in 1912. On February 12, 1912, the Qing emperor issued an imperial edict to abdicate, ending the feudal monarchy that ruled China for more than 2000 years.
Wuhan, as the "area of Shouyi", can still find the mark brought by that revolution today; there are many traces of Shouyi and various Memorial facilities. Sun Zhiqiang, sun Zongshan's grandson, wrote down "the door of the Republic of China" during his visit to the Red Mansion, which shows the position of the governor's office of the Hubei army in the 1911 Revolution.
Well, that's the end of today's explanation of the red chamber. Thank you for your support and cooperation in my work. At the same time, if I have any shortcomings in my work, please forgive me and put forward some valuable suggestions. It's free time now. We'll meet outside the Red Mansion in 40 minutes. In the afternoon, we will continue our happy journey!
大家抬头看一下这个牌坊,这是1993年武大百年校庆时由校友捐资修建的。正前面的四根八棱圆柱表示欢迎来自四面八方的学子;柱头上的云纹,表示高等学府的深邃和高尚。正面“国立武汉大学”六字据说是由王世杰先生所书,他是国立武汉大学的第一任校长。背后的篆体大字“文、法、理、工、农、医”是武汉大学最初的六大学院。前方的金色大字是百年名校武汉大学的校训“自强、弘毅、求是、拓新”。在1993年建校一百周年庆典之际,原主席江泽_曾为我们武汉大学题词:“发扬优良传统,培养优秀人才”。
我们武汉大学一直被称为是百年名校,这是因为它的前身是由湖广总督张之洞1893年创办的自强学堂,距今已有一百一十年的历史,国立武汉大学是在1928年7月才正式定名的.
那么现在我们却称武汉大学为新武大,为什么呢?是因为啊,在2000年世纪之交的时候,经国务院批准原武汉大学、武汉水利电力大学、武汉测绘科技大学和湖北医科大学合并组建成新的武汉大学。老武大是已有一百一十多年历史的老名校了,而水利电力大学、武汉测绘大学、和湖北医科大学这三所大学在全国甚至在亚洲来说都是各个领域的数一数二的。强强合并,也使得武大的综合实力大大增强。今天我们要游览的是老武大校区。里面不仅有教学楼,宿舍,还有超市,菜场,小学,中学,银行等等。
好了,现在各位请往右看,这是我们2000年建好的珞珈校园文化广场。是目前我国高校当中最大的文化广场。这茵茵绿草,曲径小道,这是我们大学生最喜欢的地方。大家看这栋建筑有没有一点像流星花园里的英德学院呢?它可是我们武大最好的一个学院——生命科学院?当年的抗SARS病毒的药物就是出自这个学院。前面这个像花房的建筑物就是武汉大学生命科学院杨宏远院士的一个实验室,他是我国著名的植物生殖生物学家。广场前端是武汉大学新图书馆。建于1985年,里面有各个方面的书籍。想问下同学们,你们学校的图书馆有多大呢?现在在我们看到的这座图书馆可是同时容纳2500多个同学在里面阅览图书。有种类不同的阅览室22个,不仅提供图书,还有杂志,报刊等等。包括很久很久前的报纸都可以在这里找到。它全天对学生开放,可以说是武大学生汲取知识的海洋。
在我们的车前面的这个湖泊,以前叫做未名湖,但是我们知道未名湖是北大的专利,所以最近我们武汉大学为这个湖征名,现在我们给它取了一个很好听的名字——鉴湖。为什么叫做鉴湖呢?有这么一种说法:它可能来源于唐太宗和大臣魏征的一段典故。当年魏征去世时,唐太宗曾说:“以铜为鉴,可以正衣冠;以史为鉴可以知兴替;以人为鉴可以明得失”。当湖水平静的时候,它就像一面镜子,可以看到我自己的倒影,从而审视我们的内心。
我们现在所在的地方就是“梅园”,因为武汉大学占地面积很大,就把它分成了四个区,用植物来命名,分别是樱园、桂园、梅园、枫园。在1928年划定规划,引种,选种,在保护好原有植被的基础的同时,发动全校师生因地制宜植树造林,现在武大的绿化面积就有2300亩地,占校园面积的42%,现在的校园可以说是一座美丽的植物园。樱的花海,桂的清香,枫的灿烂,梅的浪漫,把校
园装饰的四季常情,生机盎然。大家觉得武汉大学漂亮吗?浓浓的绿荫不仅美化了校园环境,也调节了校园气候,炎炎夏日骑着自行车,汗流狭背地进入了校园,顿觉的凉爽许多,明显的感到校园温度比市区低2至3度,在火炉城的武汉,生活在如同是室外桃源的武汉大学,也可以算是一种幸运了。
大家再看看这片小树林,中间有一座雕像。大家猜猜他是谁呢?他就是李达,武汉大学建国后的第一任校长,同时也是任期最长的校长。李校长是中共一大代表和中国共产党的第一任宣传部长,著名的马列主义哲学家,是m主席十分亲密的朋友。m主席建国后只视察过两所大学,那就是天津大学和武汉大学。而那时武汉大学的校长就是李达先生。所以我们经常开玩笑说,m主席到我们这来是“因私办公事”。 穿过这片小树林,现在我们就来到了武大风景最为独特与美丽的地方——风雨大操场。 1958年9月12号,毛爷爷就是在这里视察了武汉大学2万余名师生代表。为了纪念这件事情,我们便把风雨大操场改称为“九一二广场”。 如果我们站在操场上往后看就可以看到武大的标志性建筑行政大楼,所有的图片,书籍等都是以这栋楼作为背景的。同学们有没有发现到现在我们看到的建筑和其它学校里四四方方的教学楼不同呢?那是因为这全是1930年到1936年间的早期建筑,这也是前辈们留给我们后人最宝贵的文化遗产。
在这个广场的对面是武大建校时成立的理学院,它是一座八角墙体穹隆屋顶,带有典型罗马风格的建筑,圆顶也是为了抗东湖边吹来的强风。而位于我们身边的行政大楼也就是以前的工学院,现在武大的校长就在这里办公。它坐南朝北,有着方型墙体和四角重檐玻璃方屋顶,四面群房面向主体对称布局,是拜占庭风格的中西融合式建筑。这里理学院与工学院的建筑巧妙对称构思,不但体现了“天圆地方”的中国建筑理念,还体现出建筑师对东西方文化精髓的整体把握。大家仔细注意一下,在每一栋老建筑的墙上,都挂着一面铜牌。这是武汉市政府为保护优秀历史名建筑而颁发的。如此丰富,如此集中的优秀历史建筑,展示在一所大学里,这在全国都是罕见。所以2001年6月25日武汉大学一共有15处26栋早期建筑被国务院审批为全国第五批重点文物保护单位,应该说是当之无愧的。大家可能对全国重点文物保护单位还不是很清楚吧,那举几个例子:像大家都很熟悉的故宫、长城,都是全国重点文物保护单位。现在大家可能就比较清楚我们武汉大学这些早期建筑在全国的重要地位啦吧。
说到这里,大家一定很关心这么好的地方是谁选的呢?这么杰出的建筑是谁设计的呢?我们的校址是著名的地质学家-李四光先生和著名的农学家叶雅阁所选的, 他们是武大建筑筹备委员会委员,当初珞珈山属于武昌的荒郊野外,李老和叶雅阁可是骑着毛驴到珞珈山来选址的,他们对武昌郊外的地理环境都非常的熟悉,早年就有在东湖之滨建一所大学的想法,经考察后,1928年确定在珞珈山一带为新校址,那里依山傍水,风景秀丽,地价便宜,土石料、水源充足,远离闹市,是潜心读书研究学问的好地方,也符合中国传统文化中的“仁者乐山,智者乐水”的书院相地选址理念。
说到设计师呢,和李四光也有关系,他是李四光一位非常好的朋友——美国人开尔斯,开尔斯先生的确身手不凡,不负众望。年轻时在美国麻省理工大学专
修建筑设计,后来来到中国,对中国的建筑非常有研究。他恰到好处地借用东湖的湖光山色,无论是从图书馆南眺珞珈山,还是从工学院北望小狮子山,映入眼帘的都是琼楼玉宇,青山碧水的美景。前主席董必武先生曾经这样说过:“珞珈之山,东湖之水,山高水长,流风甚美”,当时李四光先生的选址和开尔斯的设计,可以说是独具慧眼。
说珞珈,珞珈到,我们左边的这座山就是珞珈山,我们常说珞珈,大家知道珞珈是什么意思呢?那得先说说它的由来。以前呢?这里叫罗家山,这么个俗气的名字,与这堂堂高等学府,还有这美丽的山色是不是不相称?多亏了闻一多先生,他换字不换音,用梵语中的珞珈,也就是一种缀满珠宝的法器来替代了俗气的山名,并预示武大的灿烂前程。他也是武大正式成立后的文学院第一任院长。因此为了纪念先生,我们在文学院旁还塑了一座纪念铜像。
眼前这栋高大的建筑,就是武大的人文科学馆,也叫逸夫楼。它是由香港邵逸夫捐资1000万港币,国家教委拨款350万人民币,1990年落成的,可以说它继承了武大以往的建筑风格,大楼外观呈山字形穿透回廊式建筑,屋顶为绿色琉璃瓦,设计新颖,建造精良。位处学校的中心区,与老图书馆和行政大楼珠联璧合,呈三足鼎立之势,东可俯视东湖,远翘磨山,气势磅礴,典雅大方,曾获全国建筑一等奖,国内建筑家赞誉它是“全国最美丽的大学校园里面最美丽的一栋建筑”,同时也是94武汉市十大名建筑之一。现在,逸夫楼是文学院和历史系的教师办公用房,因此,著名历史学家吴于廑(jin)先生将此命名为人文科学馆。楼门上的人文科学馆五个字是邵逸夫亲手所题。
我们现在所走的就是武汉大学最为著名的樱花大道,到了每年的三月底四月初,是武汉大学的樱花节。为期一周的樱花节里不仅繁花似景,游人如织,而且现在已经成为市民踏春赏樱的好地方,那同学们可知道象征着日本的樱花为何会出现在中国的校园里呢?这是因为1938年武汉被日寇三面包围,武昌弃守。日军将司令部驻扎在上面的老图书馆里。现眼的这座建筑便成了日军的住院部。为了缓解住在这里休养的大批日本伤兵。同时也有炫耀武功和长期占领之意,便从日本引来樱花树苗在武大校园里载种。现在樱花大道两旁的樱花树是解放后武大的园林工人培育栽种的,校园内有早樱、垂枝樱、晚樱、红樱等三十多个品种。这幢樱花大道边上的建筑就是武大最早的学生宿舍区——“老斋舍”,大家看它像不像西藏的布达拉宫呢,其实它就是仿西藏布达拉宫琉璃瓦建筑。同学们都知道有句名言叫“书山有路勤为尽”所以这栋建筑也是顺山势而建,具有良好的日照条件。登上老斋舍我们看到的就是老图书馆了,大家看它的外形有没有像是一个皇冠呢,它是一痤皇冠形仿故宫建筑,这是我们校内最高的建筑,武大精神的像征。那是因为对每一个学子来说图书就是知识的源泉。在大门上方镶有道家学派的创始人老子的全身镂空铁画像。这里要考考各位同学了,为什么会有老子的画像呢。那是因为据史书记载,春秋时期的老子为周守藏之史,是我国现已知道的最早的图书馆长。图书馆的二侧分别是文法两学院,那个大家猜一下哪边的是文学院哪边的是法学院呢?其实这个有翘角的屋顶就是文学院了,它意为文采飞扬;反而言之法学院的屋顶是平角,意为法办严肃。
现在大家看一下这一块牌子:“六一惨案”遗址,再看一看地上,仿佛还有斑斑血迹,这是武大师生英勇斗争的革命精神的历史见证。1947年5月20日,南京爆发了反饥饿,反内战,反迫害的学生大游行,国民党反动派军警镇压,造
成五二零惨案,消息传到武大,爱国学生满腔义愤,举行了三反示威游行,提出了我们要吃饭,我们要活命等口号。武大师生的革命活动,令国民党反动派惶恐不安,国民党武汉警备司令部在5月28日审定了进步师生的名单,准备将进步师生一网打尽。6月1日凌晨,国民党派警察,宪兵1000多人封锁和包围了校园,在制高点驾驶机关枪、追击炮,特务手持黑名单,引着军警搜查师生宿舍。梦中惊醒的学生英勇地展开了营救斗争。他们有的与国民党军警特务说理,有的拿水泼他们,有的钻进车底破坏汽车,有的砸破玻璃。武大学生的抗争,激怒了国民党反动派,他们向手无寸铁的学生开始血醒屠杀。珞珈山下硝烟弥漫,学士路上弹痕累累血流成河有三位同学当场遭到枪杀牺牲,重伤3人,轻伤10人,逮捕师生员工20人,这就是震惊中外的“六一”惨案。我们现在站的地方就是烈士们就义的地方,烈士的鲜血染红了这里的台阶,武大每年都会将这里的血迹重新染一遍,激励学生们好好学习努力奋斗。大家也要知道我们现在的幸福生活得来不易. 现在这里是武大颇负盛名的鲲鹏广场,鲲鹏是既象鱼又象鸟的动物,它不仅能凌空翱翔,而且可以遨游万里,这座雕塑就是鲲鹏,就像石雕正面所书的“北冥深广,鲲翼垂天,云拨九万,水击三千。”每年毕业生离校之际,都回在这里合影留念,纪念他们鹏程万里的起点。在它旁边的是武大的老体育馆,它建于1937年,是由曾任中华民国大总统的黎元洪的儿子黎绍基捐资修建的,因为黎元洪字宋卿,因此又名“宋卿体育馆”。1947年,武大六一惨案追悼地就在这里举行。休育馆是巴洛克建筑,也是典型的中西合璧建筑。它分上、下两层,总面积2500平方米,楼上是篮球场,楼下是健身房。
各位同学,时间过的真快,花园学府已经游览完了,大家对武大的印象怎么样呢?非常高兴能和大家共同度过这段美好的时光,最后我真心希望大家以后都能成为武大的一员。
下了火车,看着这个酷热的城市,我不禁感叹:果然是武汉!“武汉”这个名字总给人一种热闹、干燥的感觉。
下车以后,我们连忙打起了伞,身上瞬间出了大滴大滴的汗,眼睛再也睁不大,因为太阳太大了。武汉人也多。下了火车后,我们找了一辆客车,准备乘坐它去宾馆。可是,刚来了一辆公共汽车,旁边的人就一波一波地挤上来,让我不住地前进、后退;前进、后退。看着这一片黑黑的“草原”(人们的头发),我又发出一声感叹:人真多啊!还有一点,不知去过武汉的人有没有同感。那就是――广告特多!你看,出租车后面,有一个长条儿的显示屏,上面写着各种各样儿的广告。
我们还去了武汉的一些著名景点。首先去的是有着“天下江山第一楼”美誉的黄鹤楼。楼内第一层大厅的正面墙壁,是一幅表现“白云黄鹤”为主题的巨大陶瓷壁画。四周空间陈列历代有关黄鹤楼的重要文献、著名诗词的景印本,以及历代黄鹤楼绘画的复制品。二至五层的大厅都有其不同的主题,在布局、装饰、陈列上都各有特色。走出五层大厅的外走廊,举目四望,视野开阔。这里高出江面近90米,大江两岸的景色,历历在望,令人心旷神怡。给我印象最深的是东湖。我们从大门进去,看见了一个“异国风情园”里面的建筑、植物和雕像都令我耳目一新。一座小房子旁,一对新人正在拍婚纱照,后面的池塘把他们衬托得更美丽,更幸福。我也忍不住了,在那儿拍了几张照片。往前走,你会发现还有“峡谷漂流”和“疯狂的老鼠”游戏。听着人们从里面传出来的一声声惊叫,没有人能够再抵挡得住这些诱惑了,纷纷冲进去,爽了一把,过足了瘾。
我们去东湖是在下午,太阳快要落山的时候。夕阳下的东湖波光粼粼,闪耀着金色的光。游船默默地飘在上面,倒影不住地摇晃着。周围的绿树衬托着东湖,没有人们的喧哗声,只有人们会心的微笑。我不仅去了黄鹤楼和东湖,还去了湖北省博物馆和辛亥革命纪念馆,它们也使我受益匪浅。武汉的小吃也非常有特色。给我印象最深的是热干面。它面道筋道,黄而油润,香而鲜美,诱人食欲。但是,为什么只叫热干面而不叫别的名字呢?在20世纪30年代初期,汉口长堤街有个名叫李包的食贩,在关帝庙一带靠卖凉粉和汤面为生。有一天,天气异常炎热,不少剩面未卖完,他怕面条发馊变质,便将剩面煮熟沥干,晾在案板上。一不小心,碰倒案上的油壶,麻油泼在面条上。李包见状,无可奈何,只好将面条用油拌匀重新晾放。第二天早上,李包将拌油的熟面条放在沸水里稍烫,捞起沥干入碗,然后加上卖凉粉用的调料,弄得热气腾腾,香气四溢。人们争相购买,吃得津津有味。有人问他卖的是什么面,他脱口而出,说是"热干面"。
这次武汉游,我不仅饱览了武汉的江山,还品尝了武汉的美食。真是一次愉快而且有意义的旅行啊!
列位伴侣各人好,接待各人来到瑰丽的江城武汉,我是各人此次武汉之行的导游员xx,俗话说的好,邂逅就是缘分,能和各人邂逅在这里并将和各人渡过一段柔美的年华我们感想很是的侥幸。本日就由我为各人处事,各人有什么题目可以尽量提出来,我将极力为您办理。但愿能用我们的热心、耐性和仔细换来您的开心、安心以及舒心。
本日我们将起首前去武昌辛亥革命眷念馆,也就是我们所俗称的“红楼”旅行游览。辛亥革命是1911年由孙中山老师率领的一场大张旗鼓的资产阶层民主革命行为,它颠覆了统治了中国2000余年的溃烂的封建王朝,掀开了中国汗青崭新的一页,因为1911年是夏历辛亥年,以是把我们把这场革命称为辛亥革命。本年恰逢辛亥革命发作一百周年眷念,我很侥幸各人可以或许来到这里,亲身见证打响颠覆清当局统治第一枪的好汉都市―武昌城。
各人留意向前看,在我们的正前线的构筑就是辛亥革命眷念馆的主体部门,由于它红墙红瓦,人们又风俗称之为红楼。红楼最初是清当局设立的湖北咨议局局,于1910年建成。1911年10月10日,孙中山老师率领下的湖北地域的革命党人,乐成地动员了武昌叛逆。第二天,就在这儿组建了鄂军都督府,由都督府宣布文告,公布成立中华民国。一声枪响,世界相应,从而一举竣事了帝制,宣告长达2000年的封建王朝彻底土崩解体,红楼也因此被誉为“民国之门”。
下面就给各人详细先容下产生在一百年前的这段大张旗鼓的汗青。鸦片战争后的19世纪末,清当局的糜烂无能导致帝国主义国度掀起了朋分中国的怒潮。武汉也未能逃过列强的魔爪,成为了对外开放的通商港口,着实也就是变相的给西方列强敞开了大门任其打劫。自1861年英国在汉口成立租界始,德、俄、法、日等国也相继在本日汉口江汉关一带成立租界。列强以租界为据点,举办政治、经济、文化上的侵犯与渗出;与此同时,清当局无力送还所欠西方列强的巨额战争赔款,因此对宽大农夫、工人的聚敛也日益深重,在双重压制之下,宽大农夫落难失所,苦不堪言。在这种内忧外祸的汗青配景下,不少有识之士纷纷集结起来,筹备采纳武装叛逆的方法颠覆清王朝的溃烂统治,叫醒中国这条甜睡中的巨龙。
1911年夏秋间,四川省发作了保路行为,清当局紧张派遣部队入川,镇压保路行为,湖北紧邻四川,因此亦被抽调了大批队伍赶赴四川。武汉城防空前的空虚,这条动静大大激昂了湖北革命党人进行叛逆的信念,革命党工钱叛逆准备了军旗、兵器及各类钱物,只待机缘成熟。
最终武昌叛逆的发作却和一件突发变乱有关,这就是宝善里炸弹案。10月9日孙武在汉口俄租界宝善里奥秘构造配制叛逆用的炸弹,捣药时用力过猛,导致爆炸,孙武面部炸伤,被送往医院。屋内的滔滔浓烟引来俄租界巡捕的留意,他们将房间团团围住,搜出叛逆用的旗子、兵器及革命党人混名册,并将其送交湖北政府。湖广总督命令按名册捕拿革命党人。彭楚藩、刘复基、杨洪胜于当晚相继被捕,10月10日破晓,三人慷慨牺牲于湖广总督署东辕门。针对摇摇欲坠的近况,经紧张探究革命党人抉择冒险提前睁开动作,10月10日晚,武昌叛逆正式发作了,晚八时,打响了武昌叛逆的第一枪,最终叛逆军经一夜鏖战,终于占领了武昌全城,叛逆宣告取得乐成。
10月11日起烈士兵蜂拥至湖北咨议局,也就是我们本日来到的红楼,在此推选清军第21混成协管辖黎元洪出任中华民国军当局鄂军都督府都督。说到这里,尚有一个风趣的小故事:此刻各人所看到的我左手边的即是黎元洪被推为都督后,军当局宣布的第一份文告。其时,革命取得起源胜利,而孙中山和黄兴老师还都在外为革命做筹款等筹备事变,因革命的溘然产生而无法第一时刻达到武汉,革命党人觉定推选一位德高望重,有必然职位的清朝官员来暂且掌管大局以不变人心.但黎元洪畏惧肇事上身而拒不具名,连声说“莫害我”,最后革命党人提笔代签了一个“黎”字,这份文告才得以面世。这份布告的落款时刻是黄帝纪元四千六百零九年八月二十日,为什么会有这种稀疏的落款呢?1911年是清宣统三年,但革命党动员叛逆就是为了颠覆清王朝,以是不会回收宣统年号纪年,加之革命党宣称本身是炎黄子孙,以是就从传说中汉族人的祖先黄帝算起,到1911年正是四千六百零九年。
下面请各人继承随我旅行,各人可以看到在主席台正中央有一面旗子,叫十八星旗,是武昌叛逆的军旗。十八颗黄星,是代表山海关内十八个省份的炎黄子孙,红底是鲜血,玄色是铁,是兵器,这面旗子象征了十八省的炎黄子孙连合起来,以“铁血”即武力颠覆满清王朝的统治。
武昌首义获得了世界大大都省份的相应,最先相应叛逆的是湖南和陕西。厥后江西、山西、云南等省相继公布独立。到了1912年元旦,孙中山老师在南京宣誓就任中华民国姑且大总.与之相对应的是,清朝末代天子溥仪在袁世凯的威逼利诱下,于1912年2月12日黯然下诏退位,统治中国两千余年的封建帝制以后终结。清朝黄龙旗残损滑落,而被颁定为中华民国国旗的五色旗则冉冉升起,以后中国进入了一个共和新期间。五色旗的五色是红、黄、蓝、白、黑,别离代表其时中国的五大民族汉、满、蒙、回、藏,象征五族共和。
辛亥革命的硝烟早已散尽,但这场革命带给中国的变革是庞大的。直至本日,我们还糊口在辛亥革命的影响之中。我们不妨做个假设:假如没有武昌叛逆,没有辛亥革命,大概本日在紫禁城里还端坐着一位天子,汉子的脑后还拖着一根长长的辫子,女同胞们则要把脚裹成三寸金莲。在衣饰上也能看得出那场革命带来的变革,孙中山给中国人孝顺了一套中山装,洋装也自辛亥后逐步在中国风行.这些都是以武昌叛逆为初步的辛亥革命的功勋。由孙中山的孙子孙治强题写的“民国之门”四字,是对鄂军都督府旧址在辛亥革掷中职位的最好的评价