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第一篇：北京颐和园英文导游词
Armies of passengers, everyone! Welcome to visit the Summer Palace, I am a small lead decorous wen, please we care a lot! Ok, I'll tell you something about knowledge about the Summer Palace!
The Summer Palace, is China's largest and best-preserved imperial garden existing, is one of China's four big gardens, known as the royal garden museum. The other three gardens as: chengde summer resort, suzhou the humble administrator's garden, and the lingering garden in suzhou. The Summer Palace was built in 1750, built in 1764, the 14 years, built out of the plane or on the surface of the object is about 290 hectares of the Summer Palace.
Now we enter the Summer Palace. The Summer Palace is a beautiful big park, around the hall, came to the famous promenade. The aisle has more than 700 meters long, divided into 273. You look up, each cross sill have colorful paintings, painted figures, flowers and plants, landscape. Thousands of picture is not that is the same. Look at both sides, both sides gallery, filled with flowers and trees, a phuong haven't flowers, that a phuong flowers opened again.
Armies of passengers, covered corridor, a mountain emerge in front of us, the mountain is called longevity hill, 58. 59 meters, halfway up the hill, a triangular pyramid three house building stands in there, that is the Buddha nasal pavilion. The rows of resplendent and magnificent palace, under the row is cloud temple.
On the mountainside of the longevity hill, the Summer Palace landscape in half closed, are the quiet like a mirror in front, green, like a jasper lake is kunming lake, it accounted for three-quarters of the dominated.
Coming down from the longevity hill, the kunming lake. Lake center has a small island, the tips of the trees, we want to the island by a stone bridge, there are seventeen little tunnel in this stone, so called ten 7 bridge. We look at both sides, bridge railing on hundreds of pillar, pillar are engraved a little lion. A lion also have different attitude, no two are the same.
Armies of passengers, today's trip to the Summer Palace is almost over, I hope you have fun!
第二篇：北京颐和园英文导游词
The Summer Palace
The Summer Palace was used as a holiday garden in the summer for the emperors and their families.It is 10km on the northwestern of BJ.This resort was famous from Jin Dynasty(1115-1234 AD).Here you will see a piece of the style of Chinese classic garden which is best known in south of China.The whole garden is 290 hectars including a large lake and mountains.Situated in western outskirts of Beijing，the Summer Palace is 10 kilometers from the central city.It is China's leading classical garden which enjoys a worldwide reputation.The Summer Palace was opened to the public in 1924 and included in the UNESCO world heritage list in 1998.A whole day is needed to view it in detail.The Summer Palace was first built in 1153 and served as an imperial [im'piəriəl palace for short stays away from the capital.Empress Dowager Ci Xi rebuilt it in 1888 with a large sum of money which had been appropriated to build a Chinese navy.The two main elements of the garden are Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake.Kunming Lake，with an exquisite精细的 building in the middle，takes up three quarters of the garden's 290 hectares.The garden consists of three parts： the political activity area，the empress's living quarter and the scenic area which separately centers on the Hall of Benevolence [bi'nevələns and Longevity（1），the Hall of Jade Ripples（2）and the Hall of Happiness and Longevity（3），and Longevity Hill（4）and Kunming Lake.The groups of buildings，hills and lakes，together with the background of West Hills，give an ever changing scene.The buildings on the southern slope of Longevity Hill are characteristic of the garden.Cloud-Dispelling Hall，the Pavilion of the Buddhist Incense（5）and the Wisdom Sea（6）on the axis line are flanked在左右两边by the Wheel Hall，Wufang Pavilion and Baoyun Pavilion and are major attractions.The Pavilion of the Buddhist Incense is 41 meters high and stands on a 20-meter-high terrace平台.At the foot of Longevity Hill is the 728-meter-long passageway which links the three areas together.The passageway is famous for its paintings and at its western end is a 36-meter-long Marble Boat（7）.The bridges of the western causeway西堤 of Kunming Lake are replicas ['replikə] 复制品of the bridges of famous Su and Bai causeways on West Lake in Hangzhou.The marble大理石的 Seventeen-Arch Bridge which spans跨度the Eastern Causeway to South Lake Island has balusters topped by 540 carved lions in different poses.Back Lake at the northern foot of Longevity Hill is natural and peaceful.On its bank is Suzhou Street，a replica of a commercial street in the old days.At the
northeastern corner of the garden there is the Garden of Harmonious Interest which imitates the famous Jichang Garden（8）in Wuxi，Jiangsu Province.Diminutive and elegant，it is known as a garden within a garden..Notes：
1.the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity
仁寿殿
2.the Hall of Jade Ripples
玉澜堂
3.the Hall of Happiness and Longevity
乐寿堂
4.the Longevity Hill
万寿山
5.the Pavilion of the Buddhist Incense
佛香阁
6.the Wisdom Sea
智慧海
7.the Marble Boat
石舫
8.Jichang Garden
寄畅园
Situated in the western outskirts of Haidian District, the Summer Palace is 15 kilometers(9.3 miles)from central Beijing.Having the largest royal['rɔiəl] park and being well preserved保藏的, it was designated['deziɡ,neitid] 指定的, in 1960 by the State Council国务院, as a Key Cultural Relics Protection Site of China.Containing examples of the ancient arts, it also has graceful landscapes and magnificent constructions.The Summer Palace is the archetypal[,a:ki'taipl] 原型的 Chinese garden, and is ranked排名；归类于 amongst the most noted著名的 and classical gardens of the world.In 1998, it was listed as one of the World Heritage Sites by UNESCO.Constructed in the Jin Dynasty'dainəsti](1115-1234), during the succeeding随后的，以后的 reign[rein] 统治 of feudal['fju:dl] 封建制度的 emperors;it was extended continuously.By the time of the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911), it had become a luxurious[lʌk'zjuəriəs,-'ʒuə-] royal garden providing royal families with rest and entertainment.Originally called “Qingyi Garden”(Garden of Clear Ripples涟漪), it was know as one of the famous “three hills and five gardens”(Longevity Hill, Jade玉制的 Spring Mountain, and Fragrant ['freiɡrənt] Hill;Garden of Clear Ripples, Garden of Everlasting Spring畅春园？, Garden of Perfection and Brightness圆明园, Garden of Tranquility静明园 and Brightness, and Garden of Tranquility and Pleasure静宜园).Like most of the gardens of Beijing, it could not elude逃避 the rampages** of the Anglo-French英法的 allied ['ælaid联合的force and was destroyed by fire.In 1888, Empress Dowager ['dauədʒə] Cixi embezzled [im'bezl挪用navy funds to reconstruct it for her own benefit, changing its name to Summer Palace(Yiheyuan).She spent most of her later years there, dealing with state affairs and entertaining.In 1900, it suffered again，being ransacked洗劫by the Eight-Power Allied Force.After the success of the 1911 Revolution, it was opened to the public.Composed mainly of Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake, The Summer Palace occupies an area of 294 hectares(726.5 acres ['eikəs] 英亩), three quarters of which is water.Guided by nature, artists designed the gardens exquisitely [ek'skwizitli] 精巧地so that visitors would see marvelous ['mɑ:viləs] 非凡的views and be amazed by perfect examples of refined精致的 craftwork工艺 using the finest materials.Centered on the Tower of Buddhist ['budist] 佛教的Incense香(Foxiangge)the Summer Palace consists of over 3,000 structures including pavilions [pə'viljən] 楼阁, towers, bridges, and corridors ['kɔridɔ:.The Summer Palace can be divided into four parts: the court area, front-hill area, front-lake area, and rear后面-hill and back-lake area.Front-Hill Area: this area is the most magnificent area in the Summer Palace with the most constructions.Its layout布局 is quite distinctive because of the central axis from the yard of Kunming Lake to the hilltop, on which important buildings are positioned including Gate of Dispelling驱散 Clouds, Hall of Dispelling Clouds, Hall of Moral Glory德辉殿, Tower of Buddhist Incense, the Hall of the Sea of Wisdom, etc.Rear-Hill and Back-Lake Area: although the constructions are fewer here, it has a unique landscape, with dense green trees, and winding ['waindiŋ] paths曲径.Visitors can feel a rare tranquility, and elegance.This area includes scenic spots such as Garden of Harmonious Interest and Suzhou Market Street.Court Area: this is where Empress Dowager ['dauədʒə] Cixi and Emperor Guangxu met officials, conducted state affairs and rested.Entering the East Palace Gate, visitors may see the main palace buildings: the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity仁寿殿 served as the office of the Emperor, the Hall of Jade Ripples where Guangxu lived, the Hall of Joyful Longevity乐寿堂, Cixi„s residence, the Hall of Virtue ['və:tju:] and Harmony德和园 where Cixi was entertained.Front Lake Area: covering a larger part of the Summer Palace, opens up the vista of the lake.A breeze fluttering, waves gleam and willows kiss the ripples of the vast water.In this comfortable area there are the Eastern and Western Banks, the Seventeen-Arch
Bridge, Nanhu Island, and so on.On the western bank float six distinct bridges amongst which the Jade-Belt Bridge is the most beautiful.颐和园
颐和园是我国现存最完好、规模最宏大的古代园林。位于北京市海淀区境内，距天安门20余公里，占地290公顷。
颐和园原为封建帝王的行宫和花园，远在金贞元元年（1153年）即在这里修建“西山八院”之一的“金山行宫”。明弘治七年（1494年）修建了园静寺，后皇室在此建成好山园。1664年清廷定都北京后，又将好山园更名为“瓮山行宫”。清乾隆年间，经过15年的修建工程，将该园改名为“清漪圆”。此时的清漪园，北自文昌阁至西宫门筑有围墙，东、南、西三面以昆明湖水为屏障，园内修建了许多亭台楼阁，桥廊斋榭，山清水秀，富丽堂皇。咸丰十年（1860年），英法联军疯狂抢劫并焚烧了园内大部分建筑，除宝云阁（俗称“铜亭”）智慧海、多宝 琉璃塔幸存外，珍宝被洗劫一空，建筑夷为一片废墟。光绪十四年（1888年）慈待太后挪用海军经费3000万两白银，在清漪园的废墟上兴建起颐和园。光绪二十六年（1900年）颐和园又遭八国联军的野蛮破坏，后慈禧又动用巨款重新修复。数百年来，这里一直是封建帝王、皇室的享乐之地，解放辟为公园。1961年国务院公布颐和园为全国重点文物保护单位。
颐和园包括万寿山、昆明湖两大部分，园内山水秀美，建筑宏伟。全园有各式建筑3000余间，园内布局可分为政治、生活、游览三个区域。政治活动区，以仁寿段为中心，是过去慈禧太后和光绪皇帝办理朝事、会见朝臣、使节的地方。生活居住区，以玉澜堂、宜芸馆、乐寿堂为主体，是慈禧、光绪及后妃居住之地。风景游览区，以万寿山前山、后山、后湖、昆明湖为主，是全园的主要组成部分。
在世界古典园林中享有盛誉的颐和园，布局和谐，浑然一体。在高60米的万寿山前山的中央，纵向自低而高排列着排 云门、排云股、德辉殿、佛香阁、智慧海等一组建筑，依山而立，步步高升，气派宏伟。以高大的佛香阁为主体，形成了全园的中心线。沿昆明湖北岸横向而建的长廊，长728米，共273间，像一条彩带横跨于万寿山前，连结着东面前山建筑群。长廊中有精美柁画 14000多幅，素有“画廊”之美称。位于颐和园东北角，万寿山东麓的谐趣园，具有浓重的江南园林特色，被誉为 “园中之园”。
占全园总面积四分之三的昆明湖，湖水清澈碧绿，景色宜人。在广阔的湖面上，有三个小岛点缀，其主要景物是西堤、西堤六桥、东堤、南湖岛、十七孔桥等。湖岸建有廓如亭、知春亭、凤凰墩等秀美建筑，其中位于湖西北岸的清晏舫（石访）中西合璧，精巧华丽，是园中著名的水上建筑。后山后湖，林茂竹青，景色幽雅，到处是松林曲径，小桥流水，风格与前山迥然不同。山脚下的苏州河，曲折蜿蜒，时狭时阔，颇具江南特色。在岸边的树丛中建有多宝琉璃塔。后山还有一座仿西藏建筑——香岩宗印之阁，造型奇特。苏州街原为宫内的民间买卖街，现已修复并向游人开放。拥山抱水，绚丽多姿的颐和园，体现了我国造园艺术的高超水平。
该文章转载自无忧考网：http://www.xiexiebang.complete spring –along the lakeside by the marble boat-boating on the Kunming Lake-leaving out through the East Gate.(Out side the east gate)
Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to the Summer Palace.(After the self-introduction of the guide-interpreter)I hope this will be an interesting and enjoyable day for you.During our tour, you will be introduced to time honored historical and cultural traditions, as well as picturesque views and landscapes.The construction of the Summer Palace first started in 1750.At that time, the Qing Dynasty was in its heyday and China was a powerful Asian country with vast territories.The monarch in power then was Emperor Qianlong.With supreme power and large sums of money, he summoned skillful and ingenious artisans from all over the country to carry out this construction work in honor of his mother `s birthday.After 15 years and one seventh of the nation` s annual revenue spent, the Garden of Clear Ripples was completed and served as a testimony to China` s scientific and technological achievements.In 1860, this vast royal garden was burnt down along with the Yuanming Yuan(Garden of Perfection and Brightness)by Angol-French allied forces.In 1888, Empress Dowager Cixi reconstructed the garden on the same site and renamed it the Garden of Nurtured Harmony(Summer Palace).Characterized by its vast scope and rich cultural embodiments, the Summer Palace has become one of the most famous tourist sites in the world.This is the main entrance to the Summer Palace-the East Gate On top of the eaves of the door there is a plaque bearing a Chinese inscription which means “Garden of Nurtured Harmony” , whose calligrapher was Emperor Guangxu.The gate that you are now entering was used exclusively by the emperor, the empress and the queer mother.All others used the side doors.(Inside the East Gate)
the Summer Palace can be divided into two parts: Longevity Hill and Kunming Lake.The whole garden covers an area of 290 hectares, of whih three-fourths consists of a lake and rivers.This imperial garden features 3,000 room-units and covers an expanse of 70,000 square meters with more than 100 picturesque spots of interest.The layout of the Summer Palace includes three groups of architectures: palaces where the emperor attended to state affairs, resting palaces of the emperor and empress, and sightseeing areas.Entering the East Gate we will come the the office quarters.Entering the East gate we will come to the office quarters.The annex halls on both sides were used for officials on duty.This is the Gate of Benevolence and Longevity.Above the door there is a plaque bearing the same name in both Chinese and Manchurian characters.The gigantic rock in the foreground is known as Taihu rock, or eroded limestone, quarried in Jiangsu Province and placed here to decorated the garden.On the marble terrace sits a bronze mythical beast, known as Qilin or Xuanni.It was said to the one of the nine sons of Dragon King.A point of peculiar interest is that it has the head of a dragon, antlers of a deer, the tail of a lion and hooves of a ox, and is covered with a unique skin.IT was considered an auspicious creature that brought peace and prosperity.This grand hall is the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity.It was built in 1750 , and was known as the Hall of Industrious Government.Emperor Qianlong ruled that the halls where monarchs attended to state affairs would be named after them.After the rebuilding of the Summer Palace, the hall was renamed, suggesting that benevolent rulers would enjoy long lives.The arrangement of the hall has been left untouched.In the middle of the hall stands a throne made of sandalwood and carved with beautiful designs.In the background there is a screen carved with nine frolicking dragons.On either side of the throne there are two big fans made of peacock feathers, two column-shaped incense burners, crane-shaped lanterns and an incense burner assuming the form of Ludu
an, a mythological animal which was suppose to have the power to prevent fire.The small chambers on eight side were where the Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi rested and met officials on formal occasions.On the verandah in the foreground of the hall there are bronze statues of dragon and phoenixes which served as incense burners on major occasions.They are hollow and smoke comes through holes on their backs.Also on the veranda are Tai Ping(Peace)bronze water vats made during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.As a precaution in case of fire, a fire was lit underneath the vats in the winter to keep the water in them from freezing.(At the entrance of Garden of Virtuous Harmony)
we are now visiting the Garden of Virtuous Harmony, where Emperor Qianlong and Empress Dowager Cixi were entertained with Beijing Opera performances.IT mainly consists of the Dressing House, The Grand Theater Building and the Hall of pleasure smiles.The grand Theater Building known as the “Cradle of Beijing Opera” was uniquely laid out and magnificently decorated.On September 10, 1984, the Garden of Virtuous Harmony opened its doors to visitors.There are also 7 exhibition halls with articles of daily use on display here.The staff here put up court dresses of Qing Dynasty in order to give the visitor a more vivid impression.(In front of the Grand Theater Building)
this building is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width and features three tiers of tilted eaves and stages.All of the stages are connected to a raise ,and a winch is installed at the top.A well and 5 ponds were sunk under the ground stage.There are trapdoors in the ceiling for fairies to descend, as well as on the floor for demons to surface.The underground passages also served as a means of improving resonance and making the performers` voices more audible.Of the three main theater building of the Qing Dynasty, the Grand Theater Building is the tallest and the largest.The other two are Changyin(Fluent Voice)Pavilion in Chengde, an imperial summer resort.The building played a major part in fostering the birth and deve
lopment of Beijing opera: since the completion of the Grand Theater Building, many performances were held in it in honor of the Empress Dowager Cixi.(A lakeside walk from the Garden of Virtuous Harmony to the Hall of Jade Ripples)
we are now standing in the middle of a rockery behind the Hall of Benevolent and longevity.It appears that there` s nothing special ahead.However, after we clear the rockery, we will reach Kunming Lake.This is a application of a specific style of Chinese gardening.Not far away in the lake there is a islet.It is filled with peach and weeping willow trees and serves as a ideal place to appreciate the scenery.The pavilion on the islet is called Zhichun(Understanding Spring)Pavilion and is chardcterized by four-edged, multiple eaved roofs.(In front of the Hall of Jade Ripples)
this group of special and quiet courtyard dwelling is the Hall of jade Ripples.It was first used by Emperor Qianlong to attend to state affairs.IT was also where Emperor Guangxu of the late Qing dynasty was kept under house arrest.This hall is a hallmark of the Reform Movement of 1898, Emperor Guanxu was Empress Dowager Cixi` s nephew.After Emperor Tongzhi died, Empress Dowager Cixi made her nephew, who was at that time four years old a successor in order to continue her wielding of power behind the scenes.When Emperor Guanxu was 19 years old ,Empress Dowager Cixi relinquished power to him but continued to exert considerable influence.In 1898, the Reform Movement took place with the aim of sustaining the corn principles of the Qing Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.The movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years.All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.The wall remains intact for tourists to see..Dynasty while reforming outdated laws.The
movement lasted for 103 days until it was suppressed by Empress Dowager Cixi.The emperor` s six earnest reformists were beheaded and Emperor Guangxu was placed under house arrest which lasted for 10 years.All the back doors were sealed and a brick was was put up behind the wooden partition on each side of the two annexes of the courtyard.Emperor Guangxu was closely watched by eunuchs.The wall remains intact for tourists to see.(In front of Yiyunguan(Chamber of Mortal Beings)
this was where Empress and empress dowager of China` s feudal system.However, Emperor Guanxu was not the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.The last in the line was Emperor Puyi, who ascended the throne in 1908 at the age of three, too young to be married.In 1912, he was forced to abdicate.During the short reign of Emperor Puyi.Empress Longyu handled state affairs on his behalf in the name of Empress Dowager.In 1911, a revolution led by Dr.Sun Yat-sun succeeded, and the year after, Empress Longyu announced the abdication of the last emperor of China.(In the Hall of Happiness and Longevity)
the aged empress Dowager Cixi was so fond of the Summer Palace that she decided to live here from April through October of every year.This group of buildings served as her residence.This group of courtyard dwellings consists of a forecourt and a backyard with annex courts on each side.The whole compound was basically made of wood, which is ideal for ventilation and lighting.With its quiet and tasteful layout, the Hall of Happiness and Longevity made life very easy and convenient.No wonder one of Empress Dowager Cixi` s pleasure boat.On the pier there is a tall lantern post.Flanking the staircase leading to the main entrance of the hall, there are bronze cranes, deer and vases, symbolizing universal peace.The interior layout is the same as the imperial court, with throne, a large table and incense burners placed in the middle.At mealtime, eunuchs-in –waiting would make a gigantic table out of this table and Empress Dowager Cixi would dine on 128 courses.Because of this more than 1,80
0 tales of silver would be spent each month on meals.On the east side of the Living Room is the Cloak Room.The bedroom in on its west.In front of the yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate of the Long Corridor The famed Long Corridor is ahead.Facing Kunming lake and in the foreground of Longevity Hill, the Long Corridor stretches from Yaoyue(Inviting the Moon)Gate to Shizhang(Stony Old Man)Pavilion.IT is 728 meters in length and consist of 273 sections and connects four octagonal pavilions.In 1990 ,it was listed in Guinness Book of World Records.(Strolling along the Long Corridor)
The Long Corridor is one of the major structures of the Summer Palace.Since the corridor was designed to follow the physical features of the southern slope of Longevity Hill , four multiple-eaved, octagonal pavilions(Beauty-Retaining Pavilion, Enjoy-the Ripples Pavilion, Autumn Water Pavilion and Clarity Distance Pavilion)were placed at bends and undulation.Thus sightseers will hardly notice the rise and fall of the terrain.As a major part of the architectural style of the Summer Palace, the Long Corridor serves as an ingenious connector between the Lake and the hill.Scattered buildings on the southern slope were linked to creat a unified complex.This corridor can also be called a “corridor of paintings ”: There are more than 14,000 paintings on its beams.Some of them are of birds, flowers and landscapes of the West lake in Hangzhou, Zhejian Province.Others present scenes from literary classics.The majority of the landscape painting were done under the order of Emperor Qianlong, who preperred the scenery of South China.(By the door leading to the exhibition of cultural relics)
this group of temple-shaped structures are known as Qinghua(Clarified China)Hall ,also known as Arhat Hall during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.The original hall burned down in 1860.After it was reconstructed, it was renamed.Qinghua Hall is now used as a exhibition hall displaying rare cultural relics collected in the Summer Palace.The hall consists of 6 exhibition rooms with tens of tho
usands of articles of treasure on display in turn.Among the exhibits there are bronze ware, porcelain, jade assemblages from the Ming and Qing dynasties, and rare and paintings.There is also a gigantic stone slab, which is more than 3 meters in height and width.It bears the handwritten inscriptions of Emperor Qianlong is commemoration of the suppression of a rebellion in the Xinjiang region.Only this slab survived when the Angle-French allied forces set fire to the Summer Palace.(In front of the Gate of Dispelling Clouds)
Now we are approaching the central part of the structures on the lakeside slope, the Tower of Buddhist Incense within the Hall of Dispelling Clouds.The Hall of Dispelling Clouds was where numerous palatines kowtowed to Empress Dowager Cixi.It was surrounded by galleries and flanked by annex halls.In the forecourt there is a pool and marble bridges.Starting from the lakeside, there lies in succession a memorial archway, the Gate of Dispelling Clouds, the Hall of Dispelling Clouds and the Tower of Buddhist Incense.All of these structures are built on a central axis and each is taller than its predecessor.This was designed to give prominence to the last structure, the Tower of Buddhist Incense, which was a symbol of imperial power.The layout of this group of architectures was based on scenes described in Buddhist sutras.This group of structure are among the most magnificently constructed here in the Summer Palace.(Inside the Hall of Dispelling Clouds)
The original buildings on this site were burned down by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860.A new set of structures was built during the reign of Emperor Guanxu, and was called the Hall of Dispelling Clouds, suggesting that it was a fairyland.The hall was built on a high terrace, and has 21 room.Inside the hall are a throne, screens, tripods and mandarin fans.On a platform you will see bronze dragons, phoenixes and tripods.At the foot of the platform there are four bronze water vats, the ancient form of fire extinguishers.The 10th day of lunar October was ,Empress Dowager Cixi` s birthday.On that
day ,she sat on the throne here to receive congratulations and gifts.Now we are going to pay a visit to the highlight of the Summer Palace-the Tower of Buddhist Incense.What we are now standing on is a stone terrace which is 20 meters in height.It has a semi housed stairway of 100 steps, you will live for 100 years.So, let` s go!(In the front of the Tower of Buddhist Incense)
An octagonal structure with three storeys and quadruple eaves, the Tower of Buddhist Incense is the very center of the Summer Palace, and is one of the masterpieces of ancient Chinese architecture.The tower is 41 meters in height, and is buttressed by 8 solid pillars made of lignumvitae logs.With its complex structure, ingenious layout, towering terrace and convincing grandeur, the Tower of Buddhist Incense was artfully set out by the imperial gardens and beautiful scenery surrounding it.The Tower overlooks Kunming Lake and other picturesque spots within an area of tens of kilometers.On the west side of the Tower stands Baoyunge(Precious Cloud Pavilion).IT is made of bronze and is7.5 meters in height and 270 tons in weight.It resembles its wooden counterparts in every detail.It is one of the largest and most exquisite bronze pavilions still on existence in China.Lamas prayed here during the reign of Emperor Qianlong in honor of the monarchs and their families.At the turn of the century 10 bronze windows were spirited abroad.In 1992 an American company bought the windows and returned them intact to China.(On a hilltop leading from the back door of Tower of Buddhist Incense)
Now we can see the long and snaking Western Causeway and a shorter dike that divides Kunming Lake into three areas that contain South Lake Island, Seaweed-viewing Island and circle city island.The three island represent three mountain in ancient Chinese mythology, i.e.penglai, Fangzhang and Yingzhou.This peculiar method of incorporating a lake a three mountains within a single garden was a brainchild of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty more than 2,000 years ago, bearing testimony to feudal monarchs` s longing for longevity.As the legend goes many heavenly elixirs grew on the three mythical islands.Using artificial building techniques, the an
cient Chinese built this masterpiece based on the myth to make the mythical on appear to be accessible to humans.(Inside the Garden of Harmonious Interest)
Setting a garden within a larger garden has been one of China traditional architectural styles.The Garden of Harmonious Interest serves as a fine example of this.This Garden was built under the order of Emperor Qianlong and modeled after the Jichang Garden(Garden of Ease of Mind)at the foot of Mount Huishan, Jiansu Province.IT was renamed by his son Emperor Jiaqing in 1811.The existing Garden was rebuilt by Emperor or Guangxu.Empress Dowager Cixi used to go fishing here.The Garden features 10 waterfront platforms, pavilions and halls as well as hundreds of galleries
With all of its structures facing the lake and pools, the Garden of Harmonious Interest is basically a garden of waterscape.Spanning the vast expanse of the lake and pools are five bridges, each quite different from the others.The most famous of them is the bridge known as “Knowing –the Fishing-bridge.” IT is said that more than 2,500 years ago during the Warring States Period, two philosophere named Zhuang Zi had an interesting argument by the side of a pond.Zhang said, ”Fish swim to and fro in the water.What happy fish!”
Hui asked , ”You are not a fish.How do you know they are happy? ”
Zhuang replied, “You are not me.How do you know I don‟t know? ”
Hui signed, “I am not you ,therefore, I don‟t know you.And you are not a fish ,so how
do you know that fish are happy? ”
Zhang said, “you ask me how I know fish are happy, why do you keeping me the same question?”
Although The Garden of Harmonious Interest was designed after Jichang Garden, it not only absorbed the original designs, but exceeded it.(Outside the south entrance to Suzhou Shopping Street)
Now lets have a look at longevity Hill.On the back slope of the Hill stands a group of architectures.The centerpiece of structures there are known as the Four Continents and are dedicated to Buddhism.This group was laid out and arranged in accordance with Buddhist cosmology.Aside from a main shrine and structures embodying the Four Continents, there are eight towers representing Minor Continents.The shrine is surrounded by four Lamaist pagodas and between the major and minor continents, there two platforms representing the sun and the moon.The Qing authority attached great importance to Buddhism.To further strengthen ties with the ethnic minorities who practiced Buddhism, the monarchs incorporated both Han and Tibetan styles of architecture into this group of temples.Further north at the foot of the Four Major Continent lies the Suzhou Shopping Street.Built along the Back Lake of the Summer Palace, this street stretches about 300 meters and features more than 60 stores.It includes restaurants, teahouses, pawnshops banks, drugstores dye houses and publishing houses.In order to recreate the atmosphere of ancient times, visitors will have the chance to exchange their money to ancient style Chinese coins for use here.Storefronts are trimmed with traditional signboards and ornaments.The commercial culture of the mid-18th century has thus been recreated.(Atop the stone bridge inside the Suzhou Shopping Street)
visitors may be surprise to see that this shopping street is almost the same as that in South China.As a matter of fact, this street was designed after the shops along the canals in Suhzhou.Originally known as Emperor` s Shopping Street, it was built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong.After making several inspection tours to South China and being duly impressed by its commercial prosperity, Emperor Qian
long ordered the construction of this street.The imperial shopping street was burnt down by Anglo-French allied forces in 1860.The site remained desolated until 1987, when reconstruction began.It was opened to the public in September 1990.With commercial culture as its hallmark, the Suzhou Shopping Street is a vivid representation of China` s traditional cultures.(On the road from the south fate of the suzhou shopping street to the marble boat)
This is the hall of Pines.From it to the west we can walk to the Marble Boat.The path we aree taking stretches between Longevity Hill and Back Lake.Monarchs and their cohorts used to stroll along it.Hence it was named Central Imperial Path.Along this path you will see lilacs all around.Hence, this road is also known as the Path of Lilac.(In front of the ruins of the Garden of complete spring)
Quite a few unique structures were burnt down during the reign of emperor Qianlong, among which the Garden of Complete Spring was one of the most famous.The ruined and desolate courtyard by the roadside was its original site, it remains to be restored.This group of structures cover an area of 4,000 square meters and features a number of halls built on three different levels.All of the structures were connected with galleries and stone staircases.With its natural and ingenious combination of pavilions, a hall, galleries and rooms, the Garden of Complete Spring serves as a fine model for other gardens.Emperor Qianlong frequently visited this compound.(Along the lakeside by the Marble Boat)
Now we have returned from the back of Longevity Hill to the front.There is the famous Marble Boat.This structure is 36 meters in length and its body was made
of marble.On top of it is a two storeyed structure.The floor was paved with colored bricks.All of the windows are inlaid with multi-colored glass and the ceiling was decorated with carved bricks.The drainage system channels rain water down through four hollow concrete pillars and into the lake through the mouth of dragon heads.According to a book written by Emperor Qianlong, the boat was used for enjoying the scenery and was supposed to be symbolic of the stability of the Qing Dynasty.Halfway up the slope there stands the Hall for listening to Orioles.The ancient Chinese liken the warble of an oriole to beautiful songs and melodies, hence the name of the hall which used to be a theater.Now the hall is one of the most famous restaurants in China, featuring imperial dishes and desserts.It is a must for many foreign visitors to have lunch here when then come to Beijing.More than one hundred heads of state worldwide have dined here and the late Premier Zhou Enlai has held banquets here in honor of state guests.(Sightseers who want to try the restaurant can go boating after they eat.Those who do not can go abroad right away.Those who do not feel like taking the boat can stoll along the Long Corridor to the outside of the East Gate).(Boating on Kunmin Lake)
we are now going to enjoy the lakeside scenery from a pleasure boat.As a main part of the Summer Palace, Kunming Lake covers an area of 220 hectares, or three fourths of the combined space of this summer resort.This natural lake is more than 3500 years old.This lake was originally called Wengshan Lake.In 1749 Emperor Qianlong ordered the construction of Qingyi Garden, the predecessor of the Summer Palace.Involving nearly 10,000 laborers, the lake was expanded and turned into a peach-shaped reservoir, the first of its kind for Beijing.From 1990 to 1991, the Beijing Municipal Government ordered the first dredging
of the lake in 240 years.Involving 200,000 men and hundreds of dredgers and other tools, a total of 625,600 cubic meters of sludge was dredged and 205 bombs dropped by the Japanese during the Anti-Japanese War were removed.The summer palace set a precedent for sightseeing by boat.There used to be a large imperial flotilla, of which the “Kunming Merry Dragon” was the most famous.It was destroyed by the Anglo-French allied forces in 1860.To make the tour of the Summer Palace a more pleasant one, a large pleasure boat “Tai He ”(Supreme Harmony)was built.This double –decked boat is 37.09 meters long,8,59 meters wide and 10.49 meters high.It can travel at a speed of 9 kilometer per hour.Small pleasure boats are also available to tourist.Another major spot of interest on the Western causeway is Jingming(Bright View)Hall.Both its front and rear face the lake.This structure also features three two-storeyed halls of varying heights.Our tour is drawing to a close as we approach the shore.Today we only visited the major scenic areas of the Summer Palace.I have left other spot of interest for your next visit.I will show you out through the East Gate.I hope you enjoyed today` s tour.Thank you.Good-bye and good luck.
第三篇：颐和园导游词2
怎么向别人介绍颐和园呢?下面是小编为大家收集的关于颐和园导游词200字，欢迎大家阅读!
篇一:颐和园导游词
大家好!我是你们的导游，我姓厉，你们叫我厉导游就行了。我们今天来到的是*的颐和园，大家可能都不太了解颐和园，就让我告诉你们吧:颐和园原是清朝帝王的花园，身清漪园，为三山五园(三山是指万寿山、香山和玉泉山。三座山上分别建有三园清漪园、静宜园、静明园，此外还有附近的畅春园和圆明园，统称五园)中最后兴建的一片园林，始建1750年，1764年建成，面积290公顷，水面约占四分之三。
有空再来找我。再见!
篇二:颐和园导游词
各位游客，大家好!我叫周攀钰，今天，就有我来带领大家共同游览清代皇家园林-颐和园。颐和园是世界上选景丰富。建筑集中。保存最完整的皇家园林。进入东宫门，就会看到一座雄伟的建筑，着就是仁寿殿。殿内的地平床上有九龙宝座。它后面还设有紫檀木九龙屏风，屏风以紫檀木为框架，雕有九条闹龙，中心是玻璃镜，镜面上写有226个不同写法的寿字。游客朋友们，我们今天的游览即将结束了，美丽的颐和园欢迎你们下次再来!谢谢大家!!!!!
篇三:颐和园导游词
各位游客:
大家好，我是大家的导游周导。我们的颐和园到处有美景，瞧!那不就是佛香*吗，那下面的金碧辉煌的宫殿就是排云殿，以前古代皇帝的亲人就住那。登上万寿山，站在佛香*的前面向下望，颐和园的景*大半收在眼底。葱郁的树丛，掩映着黄的绿的琉璃瓦屋顶和朱红的宫墙。
篇四:颐和园导游词
各位游客:
你们好!我叫陈乐怡，是这次你们玩颐和园的导游，你们可以叫我陈导游，我很荣幸能陪你们去*的颐和园，如果你们有麻烦，尽管提出来，我一定会尽力的。
在还没到之前，我先大概说一下颐和园的门，就来到长廊的柱子是绿*的，栏杆是红*的，每一间的横槛上都画着画，走完长廊来到下面，万寿山上面有一座宝塔就是佛香*。万寿山下面左边是昆明湖~~~~~~过了15分钟后，颐和园到了。
我带着游客来到了长廊，我说:这长廊非常长，一共有700多米长，分成273间。长廊横槛上的画也很多，有画人物、花、风景，这么多的画没有哪2幅是一样的。
篇五:颐和园导游词
尊敬的各位游客，我们即将要游览的是颐和园。颐和园是秦代皇家园林的行宫，是我国重点文物保护单位，已经列入。游览时请大家自觉保护它的清洁。
我们首先来到的是颐和园有名的长廊。看，绿漆的柱子，红漆的栏杆，多美啊!这长廊有七百多米长，共有273间。每一件的横槛上都有五*的画。你们相信吗?几千幅画没有哪两幅是相同的。
现在我们已经登上了万寿山山顶，这里是欣赏颐和园全景的最佳位置。正前面就是昆明湖，游人常说像镜子，像碧玉。不知你们是否有同感?
颐和园到处有美丽的景*!
第四篇：北京颐和园英文导游词
北京颐和园是清朝时期的皇家园林。风景秀丽的它，向世人展示中国皇家园林的美。
我们刚进颐和园，一座极有园林特色的，由白玉汉石砌成的拱桥就出现在眼前：石拱桥护栏雕着许许多多的龙，栏柱上雕刻着一只只威武的，形态不同的小石狮子。经过石拱桥，便看见了昆明湖。
昆明湖是颐和园一个大湖，从高处向昆明湖望去，昆明湖就像一个寿桃。昆明湖，是一个人工湖，我想，那该要用多少人力物力呀!
昆明湖周围绿树成荫，景色宜人，湖水清澈，真令人心旷神怡。
在昆明湖的北岸是一条雕梁画柱的长廊，这长廊长达700多米，有1万2千幅画，并且每幅画都没有相同的地方。
走到长廊尽头，就看见一座倚山而建的阁楼——香阁。香阁是慈禧太后游玩颐和园，在颐和园休息的地方。那里红漆梁柱，金漆木雕，金壁辉煌，里面还有不少奇珍异宝。
最后我们来到了颐和园的一个景点：苏州街。它是将江南民居生活浓缩到园内，苏州街环形而建，街的一边是古色古香的商铺，地是用花岗岩石建成的，另一边是水道，中间有小拱桥，好像回到古时。
颐和园有山有水，有亭台楼阁，真不愧为皇家园林
第五篇：颐和园英文导游词
（自我介绍）Dear guests,
Welcome to the Summer Palace. I am your tour guide Wang Xiaozhou.(you can call me John) I am very glad to help you have a good time in this palace. During our visit today, I will talk about the history and culture of this old palace, show you the beautiful landscapes and let you experience the warmth and sincerity of all our staffs in the summer palace.
（东宫门）Now we are standing here at the east palace gate, the main entrance of the summer palace. Under the roof there is a plaque, with three Chinese characters on it:YiHeYuan. Yi means cultivating the people in good health; He means calm and harmony. Therefore, the plaque means cultivating a person’s character, making him calm and giving him a long life. This plaque is called 9 dragons gold plaque. If you look at it carefully, you’ll find there are nine powerful dragons painted with gold painting. It has the highest grade of all the plaques in the Qing Dynasty.
Look, there are three doorways at this gate. The central doorway represents the highest power and reserved solely for the emperor, empress and empress dowager. Others can only use the side doorways. Today, I would like to invite all of you to enter the palace through the central doorway to have the taste of how it was like to be an emperor or an empress.
（颐和园的兴建历史）The summer palace was first started in 1750 during the golden age of the Qing dynasty. At that time, China has vast territories and great power. The reigning emperor of the time was Emperor Qianlong, the 4th emperor of the Qing dynasty. Relying on his deep understanding of Chinese ancient garden, his supreme power and the brimming national coffers, he decided to build a garden in west Beijing “to facilitate irrigation and to celebrate his mother’s birthday”. He picked up an ideal location at the foot of the Yanshan mountains to build this most exquisite garden. He borrowed all the excellent gardening techniques from classical Chinese gardens, inherited all the achievements of all the imperial gardens, and gathered a large number of the craftsmen and artists. The project lasted a total of 15 years and the garden was first named Qingyi Yuan, the garden of Clear Ripples. It represented the ultimate achievement of Chinese garden culture. However, unfortunately, in 1860, the garden of Clear Ripples, together with Yuanming Yuan, was ravaged and burnt down by the invading Anglo-French Allied Force. In 1888, Empress Dowager Ci Xi ordered to rebuild this palace on the remains of the Clear Ripple Garden and renamed it Yihe Yuan, known better as the summer palace today. The summer palace is the largest and best reserved imperial garden in the world today and carries rich cultural connotation. It is known as the museum of imperial gardens. In 1998, the Summer Palace was inscribed in the World Culture Heritage List by UNESCO and was recognized to represent oriental garden culture.
（地图介绍）The summer palace, mainly composed of the longevity Hill and the Kunming Lake, covers an area of 302 hectares, with water surface taking up three quarters of this area and a total floor space of 70,000 square meters. Here I’d like to show you the route of our visit today. Now we are at the place where the emperor used to deal with the government affairs, then we will have a look at the buildings where the emperor lived in, watch the beautiful scenery of the Longevity Hill and the Kunming Lake along the long corridor, see the Marble Boat and keep going to the back of the Hill. We’ll finish our visit at the bridge of Suzhou Street. It will take us about two hours in all. Now let’s enter the courtyard through the central of Renshou Men, the gate of benevolence and longevity.
（仁寿门）Look at this Taihu Rock! It is standing there like a shadow screen, so that we can not see behind this rock immediately when we enter the main entrance. It is one of a typical technique in ancient Chinese gardens-the blocking method. Since chinese gardens attach great importance to different tires of sights to attract visitors deeper and deeper, the biggest taboo is to show everything all at once. So let’s imagine how it would be like behind the large rock. Why dont we go around it to have a look. Maybe you will get a big surprise.
（麒麟）Look at this strange animal! Have you ever seen it in our daily lives? I am sure you haven’t. We call this animal Qilin. It has the head of a dragon, horn of a deer, tail of a lion and hooves of a bull.
Its body is covered with scales and laced with frame patterns. Although this animal never existed on earth, ancient Chinese craftsmen made it alive and vivid. Qinlin is the symbol of prosperity and good luck. Whenever it appears, it brings prosperity and peace. So that’s why it is placeed before the main hall.
（仁寿殿）This spacious hall is called Renshou Dian, the Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. It used to be the government center in the summer palace. It was first built in 1750 and named Qinzheng Dian, Hall of Diligent Government. Emperor Qianlong set a rule that all the audience hall should be named Qinzheng Dian in order to remind all the emperors to be diligent in their work. Emperor Jiaqing, a son of Emperor Qianlong, once said in one of his articles “On Diligent Government”: “when the emperor is diligent, the country is well ruled, whereas if the emperor is slack, the coumtry will be in danger.” So diligent government plays an important role in the destiny of the whole country. When the summer was rebuilt after the big fire, empress dowager Cixi renamed it Renshou Dian, Hall of Benevolence and Longevity. This name came from the sentence “Ren Zhe shou” in The Analects of Confucius to singify that the benevolent rulers will enjoy a long life. Cixi’s great hope was ever lasting life, therefore, many decorations were added in this hall to symbolize longevity. Now let’s look up at the gray tiles on the roof. At the end of each tile, there is a Chinese character “Shou” which means longevity. There are 412 of them in all. Please look this way. Under the big plaque hanging on top of the throne was a mirror screen inscribed with the Chinese character “Shou”. There are 226 such characters all together. Look, there is a huge calligraphy scroll hanging from the wall facing the gate. There are a big Chinese character Shou written on it, surrounded by 100 bats, which signify great fortune and happiness. It is said the big character is written by Empress Dowager Cixi. So we may learn that Cixi used hundreds of Shou characters in or about this building to express her desire for longevity.
The interior decoration of the hall has been kept in its original state. On the central platform stands a finely made sandalwood carved throne and the accompanying long table, surrounded by fans and incense burners. When Cixi began her morning court everyday, candles were lit on the crane lamps, sandalwood incense was burnt in the tripod burner to create a bright, cloudy and solemn atmosphere.
Now please look at these sculptures. They are two pairs of dragons and phoenixes. They were the symbols of the emperors and empress during the feudal dynasties. Each with a hole in the back, they were also used as incense burners. But if you’ve been to the palace museum, you may noticed that all the dragons and phoenixes standing in front of the hall are placed by a different order. According to the convention, dragons should be placed in the middle to present the supreme power of the emperor. But why here is not? It is related to the Empress Dowager Cixi. As a female, she reined China as long as 48 years. The phoenixes in the middle metaphor that Express Dowager Cixi is the real owner of the summer palace. You emperor should be standing aside. This way, please. Look as this vat. Can you guess what role does it played here? We know that most of the ancient architectures are made of wood. Yes, it is used for fire prevention. Now you may ask, “it is cold in winter here in Beijing, what happens if the water in the vat freezes over?” Please look here. There is a small opening at the back of marble stand of the vat, with a hollow inside. In winter, workmen lit a fire in this hollow to heat the vat, sometimes they put a wooden cover on top of the vat, so that the water would not freeze.
(延年井) now here we come to a well ,the well of a long life. You may feel curious about the well’s name. There is a story about this well. It is said once when cixi took a tour in the garden ,she got a heat stroke at that time ,she was about 70 years old. So she became very sick and all her private doctors felt they could nothing to it. But after cixi drank the water lifted up from this well, she surprisingly came back to health. So she gave this well this name. And when eight-power allied forces invade Beijing, the Empress Dowager cixi ran away from Beijing , leaving the whole city behind, but she didn’t forget to bring the water from this well along with her.
（德和园整体介绍）The next place we will visit is Dehe Yuan, the garden of virtue and harmony. It is the place where Empress Dowager Cixi and Emperor Guangxu used to watch peking opera. It is mainly composed of the Great Stage and Yi Le Dian, the hall of harmony and happiness. It was started in 1891 and finished in 1895. It cost 710,000 teals of silver, the second largest programme in the summer palace. Now here is a shadow screen standing in front of us. We can see that there is a Chinese character Shou, surrounded by 5 bats, there are another 4 bats at the corners. There are 9 bats in all on this shadow screen. 9 is considered to be the largest number in ancient China. It is the symbol of prosperity and longinquity.
（扮戏楼介绍） Let’s go ahead to have a look at the inside of this building. This building is called the make-up building. Opera actors and actresses used to make up themselves before they go up to the stage. Here now are exhibiting some commodities of the Qing Dynasty. As it is not allowed to take photos here, please put away your cameras. Thank you.
There is a car in front of us. It is one of the oldest cars in China. This car was presented to Cixi as her birthday present. It can only reach 19 kph for it only has a small engine, just under the middle seat. Although not very fast, it represented the most advanced technique of that time. Now let’s look at those 4 manpower vehicles around the car. The two in the front were used when the weather is fine, for it has no windows or doors like the two behind.Let’s go ahead to have a look at another two vehicles. Their Chinese name is Jian Yu. Maybe we can call it palanquin in English. When the emperor or empress climb the hill, they may use it. It is very steady with experienced workers lifting it up. so although the empress dowager has so many different kinds of vehicles, this is the one she loved best.
Look, you must be familiar with this instrument. Yes, it is an organ. There is a piano over there. They are respectively presented by American and German people. Both of them are still can be played today. In Cixi’ s late years, she enjoyed various of advanced techniques, including car, electricity, telephone, photo technique and so on. This way please. This is a music box, presented by western friends. Compare with the music boxes we use today, this is quite a large one. It canplay 16 songs. Here are fairies here. They are the symbol of longevity. Beside them stands a crane and a deer. Both of them are the indication of longevity. They are also Cixi’s birthday present. This way, here in front of us is an oil painting of Cixi painted by a Netherlanders American painters Waltze Hubur. The painting was finished in 1905. At that time Cixi was 70 years old. But she still looked so young. Is it that the painters flattered Cixi on purpose? Maybe. Because we can see this oil painting is not in the traditional type, maybe it is somehow more like a Chinese water colour painting . but soon we will see some photos of Cixi, you may find the answer there. Photos will never cheat you. Let’s go. Mind your steps.
（东看戏廊介绍） Here we have come to the east gallery. It used to be the place where the ministers watched the opera. Here we can see lots of things used in the old days. In the first three show windows, we can see the costumes of the Qing Dynasty. They are all imitations, for it is difficult to keep them for a long time. It is the typical finery style of Manchu people. Sometimes they are considered to be the symbol of China. Look at this unique shoes! Manchu people used to wear these kind of shoes with a wooden sole. It looks like high-heel shoe, right? It is said when woman these shoes, they looks more slim and beautiful. Ok, now here we can see a photo of Cixi. It was taken in the courtyard of Leshou Tang, hall of happiness in longevity. At that time Cixi is 68 years old. Do you think she look that old? We have to say that Cixi herself did care much about her health. Here are things that Cixi used to make up. Some are presented by foreign friends. And you can see a finery box presented by Japanese government. In this window placed some dishware used in Cixi’s age. Most of them is made of silver and gold. While the ones made of porcelain are also very beautiful. Cixi led a very luxurious life everyday. 128 dishes were prepared for each of her dinner. Even if the dish she loved best, she would not eat it up. These are glossy gendarme. It is the symbol of virtue and wisdom. There are also some other western inventions here such as gun and telescope. I think if you want to see more antiques in summer palace, you may go to wenchang gallery after our tour through the palace. Now let’s go ahead into the courtyard.
（大戏台介绍）This spacious structure in front of us is the Great Stage of the Garden of Virtue and Harmony. It is 21 meters in height and 17 meters in width. There are three famous stages in the Qing Dynasty. . The Garden of Virtue and Harmony is the largest and best reserved of all. The other two are in the Palace Museum and Chengde It is famous not only for its size, but also for its historical value. During the period from April to October every year when Cixi was in the summer palace, many famous actors were invited here to perform.And cixi is a fan of Peking opera, it is said during the 13 years between the completion of the great stage and cixi’s death in 1908,she watched 262 days of performance here ,even just 35 days before her death. After each performance she always gave support of different kinds. So Peking opera developed quickly here. And the Garden of Virtue and Harmony is also called the cradle of Peking Opera.
The great stage had three tiers, they respectively stand for longevity, fortunate and happiness from the bottom to the roof. They all connected with each other, and were opened at the same time during the performance. There is a manpower elevator on the roof and several dry wells at the bottom of the stage. Do you know what their function is? Sometimes there may be some scenes of ghost and god. God flew up in to the sky, or the ghost might go into the ground. Then what about the pools? It is interesting; we know there were not microphones in old days. The pools can help to enhance the acoustic effect during the performance. In 1994, China Youth Peking Opera Troupe performed here, and the sound effect still exists today. It is really a scientific device. So this stage is not only of historic value ,but of great scientific value, too.
（颐乐殿介绍）Please follow me and we will have a look at the place where Cixi watched the opera. This is Yi Le Dian, hall of Harmony and happiness. In the middle of the hall, there is a throne. After meeting the ministers here, Cixi would go aside to this bed. This is a kang, in winter workers would make a fire underground. Thus, it would be very warm. Later, I will show you the entrance of back ground fire. Cixi used to stay here drinking tea and eating some fruits. The windows here could be opened so that Cixi could see the actors on the stage directly. And she would get a special script which concludes many details such as the performer’s eyes and facial expression. Sometimes she would lie down here and just listen. If she were tired, she would take a nap in the room next.
This is the entrance of the heated kang. In winters, eunuchs went down there to make a fire. In the summer palace there are numbers of such entrance. This is the only one that opened for the tourists. The others were all covered with a wooden board like that. Now let’s go straight and turn left to the west gallery.
The gallary east and west used to have no windows. When Cixi came to watch the opera, she would invite the ministers together. They had to stay here. When the performance went on, colorful curtains were hung between the two stage corners to the side of Yile Dian so that the ministers here would not be able to see Cixi inside the hall and they can only watch the performance aside.
Well this brings an end to my introduction to the Garden of Virtue and Harmony. I hope the unique style of this place would give you a beautiful impression about our chinese traditional culture!.
（玉澜门介绍） Here we go. This is Yulan Meng, the Gate of Jade Ripple. It is named after a poet of the Jin dynasty—Lu Ji. He described the beautiful view of the fine ripples created by spring water from the Jade Spring Hill. And since the courtyard is at the side of kunming lake whose origin is in the jade spring hill, this name is a nice fit. It used to be the residence of Emperor Qianlong. During the years of Cixi, Emperor Guangxu lived here for a long time. Let’s go in and have a look. Now we have come to Yulan Tang, the Hall of Jade Ripple. It is a traditional Chinese courtyard.
（维新变法历史）This place is closely connected with “Hundred-day Reform” in 1898. Guangxu was the nephew of Cixi. After the death of EmperorTongzhi, Cixi let 4 years old Guangxu succeed to the throne in order to control over the government. When Guangxu grew up to 19, Cixi reluctantly agreed to return the power, but actually she still hold it. Later the conflicts on political affairs between Guangxu and Cixi became more and more obvious. In the year 1898, Guangxu decided to pursue reform with the support of reformists such as Kang Youwei, Liang Qichao. All of them wanted to save the crumbling state of Qing Dynasty and launched a particular plan of the reform. Unfortunately, the under the violent and brutal suppressions of Cixi, the reform movement came to an end after only 103 days. Six reformists including Tan Sitong were killed after the failure. Then how about Guangxu? During April and October of the year when Cixi was in the summer palace, Guangxu was house arrested here. Cixi ordered to build walls around the Hall of Jade Ripple to ensure the “safety of the emperor”. What is more, Cixi commanded her trust eunuchs to guard the gate. Thus, Guangxu lost his freedom completely here. It is a prison more than a emperor’s residence. After the October of the year, Cixi went back to the Forbidden City, and Guangxu was kept on island of Ying Tai in Zhong Nan Hai. Thus the Emperor Guangxu ended his life in imprisonment.
（主殿介绍）The interior of Yulan Tang has been preserved as it used to be. In the middle, there is a sandalwood throne with a long table in front of it. Behind the throne there is a glass screen. Beautiful paintings were painted on it, showing us the representational view of both Chinese and western paintings. Inside the hall, there are two mirrors standing facing each other. If you stand between them, you will see numerous reflections of yourself in the mirrors. On our left side is the bedroom of the emperor, while on the other side is the study of the emperor. We must have know that Guangxu lead a distressed life In his late years. Then how about the empress of Guangxu? Let’s go ahead to see it.
（狮子林）Here you can see a pile of rocks. Its name is lion forest, for the rocks look like hundreds of lions playing together. This is Xijia Lou, Tower of Beautiful Sunset. Emperor and empress used to watch sunset of the Jade Spring Hill here. The name came from a famous line of Tao Yuanming. When the sun is setting behind the colorful clouds, the birds will whisper home with the beautiful sight.
（宜芸馆）Now here we will go to the Yi Yun Guan, hall of Yiyun Yun is a kind of herb which can be made into a bookmark to prevent books from worms. The two characters tell us it is the place suitable for keeping books. At the very beginning, hall of Yiyun was the library of Emperor Qianlong. By the time of Guangxu, it became the residence of Longyu, empress of Guangxu.
Longyu was the last empress and empress dowager in Chinese feudal history. She is the niece of Cixi. Actually she didn’t win guangxu’s favor, but Cixi ordered this marriage to Guangxu in order to have a better control of his thoughts and behavior. Of course they lead an unhappy life. It is said that whenver guangxu and cixi had conflict; longyu was always on cixi’s side. this surly made guangxu dislike her. The emperor didn’t come to see her except the days when they got married. And they didn’t have children, either. In the year 1908 when Guangxu and Cixi died, Longyu let the 3 year old Puyi to secceed the th