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第一篇：中美家庭教育的特点
中美家庭教育的特点
家长与孩子交流非常重要，其实父母与子女的交流更多的是非语言的，家长的言谈举止，思想观念，行为习惯无一不在言教之中，无形影响，构成对孩子最直接最深刻的教育。下面和小编一起来看中美家庭教育的特点，希望有所帮助！
一、美国家庭教育的特点
1、注重培养平等意识。
在美国，大人跟孩子谈话永远是蹲下来同孩子脸对脸、目光对视着，体现了家长对孩子的尊重，有利于培养孩子自尊自信。孩子有自由选择的权利，父母负责引导、帮助分析，但最终的选择权在孩子手里。美国人在日常生活中充分提供孩子参加和表现的机会，无论结果怎么样，总是给予认可和赞许。在这样宽松的环境里成长起来的孩子开朗活泼、勇于创新、充满自信。
美国家庭各式各样的玩具和儿童读物放在令孩子能拿到的地方，墙上门上贴满孩子们的“美术作品”，父母很少强求孩子的言行，孩子们像伙伴似地称呼长辈的名字是很自然的`事。
2、注重培养动手能力。
父母很重视孩子的创造能力，他们会有意识的为孩子提供环境和条件进行劳动训练，加强他们的动手能力。美国父母认为劳动能给孩子带来很多好处，比如：劳动可以培养孩子的独立性；劳动能促进手脑并用，促进智力发育；劳动能促进身体健康、增强体质；劳动能促进良好的个性品质的形成。
美国父母看见孩子在墙上乱画，用嘴咬玩具，拿剪刀在书本衣服等物品上乱剪乱画，不是痛惜某件东西被孩子损坏了，而是会感到高兴，然后耐心地告诉孩子一些操作上的技巧和知识。因为他们认为这是孩子学会了某种技能。
3、注重培养独立能力。
在美国，绝大多数18岁以上的青年，都是靠自己挣钱来读书。家长普遍支持自己的孩子通过打工、做兼职等来锻炼其独立生活的能力。孩子从小睡小床，稍大后单独一间，从没听说过孩子与父母睡在一起。
在孩子打理日常事务上，父母只帮孩子做一些当时年龄还无法做到的事，凡孩子自己力所能及的事都尽量由孩子自己去完成。
4、注重培养创造能力。
美国人不会让孩子死记硬背大量的公式和定理，而是煞费苦心地告诉孩子们应怎样去思考问题，教给孩子们面对陌生领域寻找答案的方法。他们认为对人的创造能力来说，有两个东西比死记硬背更重要：一个是要知道到哪里去寻找所需要的；一个是综合使用这些知识进行新的创造的能力。
美国小学在课堂上对孩子从不进行大量的知识灌输，而是想方设法把孩子的眼光引向校园外那个无边无际的知识海洋；他们从不用考试把学生分成三六九等，而是竭尽全力肯定孩子的一切努力，去赞扬孩子们通过思考得出的一切结论，去保护和激励孩子们所有的创造欲望和尝试。
二、中国家庭教育的特点
1、功利性。
这是中国家庭教育的基本特征，教育以家庭利益为主要价值取向。“光宗耀祖”“光耀门第”是读书人的追求与目标，望子成龙是家长的最终目的，个人利益与家庭利益紧密地融为一体。这种具有功利性的教育目标，其期望值之高，功利性之强，并不是全体国民所能承受的。要想每一个子女都能实现有出息、好职业、一生顺境的兴家之目的，谈何容易！出于这个目的，中国父母特别关心孩子的学业成绩，对孩子的唯一要求就是静心地坐下来读书学艺，从而忽视孩子的天分，限制了他们的创造力，结果为了培养所谓的“人才”反而扼杀了天才，导致“有心栽花花不发”的负面效应。
由于在孩子接受教育的整个成长过程中，很少考虑其性格、社会适应能力、公民道德意识等问题，即使学业成绩再好，将来也未必能顺利地立足社会，相反往往使父母期望值完全落空。
2、重养轻教，重物质轻精神。
现在不少父母仅关注孩子的衣食住行，忽略孩子内心世界，容易出现心理问题和品德问题。
家长的溺爱造成孩子个性缺陷。剥夺了孩子对人生的正常体验，孩子失去了生存能力；而家长对孩子学习上过高的期望又造成他们过重的精神压力，这种教育十分的不合理，缺乏科学性。
3、把孩子当作私有财产。
中国家长爱孩子，更爱面子，家长喜欢拿孩子作为自己炫耀的资本，满足虚荣心，给自己挣面子。他们理所当然的认为孩子是他们的，他们就有权利支配孩子的行为，而当孩子违背他们的命令时，有的家长就会使用“威严”的家庭暴力，却不知道他们的行为是违法的，他们坚信“棍棒底下出孝子”“不打不成才”的“教育理念”。
4、缺乏学习和家庭教育的氛围。
家长的教育观念方法过于陈旧，缺乏正确的教育方式，既不学习教育知识，也不借签他人经验，教育结果一定不好，只会用打骂的方式对待孩子，结果造成家庭教育气氛紧张，缺少亲情。家长与孩子交流非常重要，其实父母与子女的交流更多的是非语言的，家长的言谈举止，思想观念，行为习惯无一不在言教之中，无形影响，构成对孩子最直接最深刻的教育。
第二篇：中美家庭教育英语论文英语版
Comparison between
Chinese and American Family Education
Abstract Family education is related to a person's life.Nowadays, social development needs high qualified talents and good family education is the key point to the high qualified talents.Because of the different social systems, culture backgrounds, education aims and so on, family education for the children are different in many aspects between China and America.This article will compare Chinese with American families in differences in educational aims, content and teaching method, what's more, analyze some reasons for these differences.Key words: children, parents, family education，Chinese ,American
1.Introduction
Geert Hofstede, a master engaging in cultural studies, defines the word “culture” as “collective mental programming” possessed by people in the same environment.This program differs since people have different ways of thinking which derive from diverse educational background and work.From this, the significance of education in cultural differences can be seen.In additions, children are the hope of nation and “family education” is the earliest lesson children took.So it’s important to compare our family education with others and develop it.2.Main different of family education
First, there exists great difference in educational conception and purpose between Chinese and American families.Chinese parents produce a great impact on children’s future.They often design a future for children, no matter they like it or not.The largest parental expectation to children is that they work hard and try to be promising.And parents would like to spare their no efforts to provide children with a more favorable growing environment——for they believe that everything they've done deserves if children get a better future.And during this process of giving, “good marks” are gradually considered as the only mission and goal on the path of development.At the same time, they ignore their children’s extraordinary abilities, damage their imaginations.Nevertheless, the largest expectation of American parents is to encourage their children to be a social man.“Social man” is not a utopia idea, but a requirement which is practical and easy to achieve.They pay much attention to train their children’s independent ability.They provide children with more freedom, inspiring them to develop through experience.American children take part-time job during their spare time.For example, they do house cleaning;send newspapers to make money for the cost of living.Second, their teaching method diverges a lot.The method in China is often no more than the mode of “Teaching by holding his hand”.Parents prefer to directly telling children the results, rather than show the process.Over time, they will suffer from psychological dependence, ignoring the importance of self-exploration.And that's why most Chinese students lack of creativity.What’s more, Chinese parents pay more attention to class lessons than learning in life.we can find the following scenes easily: Parents take their children to various kinds of lessons after school.On the contrary, American parents pay attention to practical training, emphasis on training children in practice instead of preaching.Parents always let children do what they want and like to do.And it is this kind of method that cultivate their autonomous learning and spirit of innovation.Besides, in American, children take part in all kinds of activities;do a lot of outdoor exercises.There are a lot of good places for them to do exercises.In the process of playing, the children develop their intelligence, such as imagination, judgments, communication with other people and emotion adjusting and so on..But, undeniably, American indulgent type of family education also has harmful affections.Over indulgent education made a lot of social problems, such as, teenage crime.Third, the content of education also accounts for the difference.The differences of family education between the two countries are also reflected in the contents of family education.Although the contents of Chinese family education can also divided into moral education, intellectual education, physical education and artistic education, but intellectual education has been the most important one since they go to school.However, the contents of American family education are abundant, which pay more attention to the harmonious development of language, emotion, knowledge and so on.It is so-called “education for all-around development”.3.The reasons for the differences mentioned above: Reasons results in these differences are as followings.Firstly, China and America have different traditional culture.China, with a long history, has a sort of cohesive and conservative sense.By contraries, America is a nation of immigrants’ culture, in which people like accept new ideas.Secondly, different economic form and social conditions led to the different.American parents think a useful person is better than others.They see educating child to be an independent, conscientious and kindhearted person as their duties.Conclusion
These above are the analysis on differences between Chinese and American family education.There is no point saying which kind of education is superior.Every child grows up under his parents’ family education, what kind a person will be, depends on what kind of family education he received.Children’s character and destiny have great relationship with family education and children’s education determines nation's prospect.We would improve ourselves continuously only if we could find out our weaknesses in this comparison and learn from the best.References:
《The Aims of Education same areas of controversy 》 薛连
《美国家庭教育启示录》
李盈 《论中美家庭教育的差异》
曾芝
《中美家庭教育差异-英文版》 新浪博客
作者：王路（200900210072）
环境科学与工程学院
环境工程2009级
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