千文网小编为你整理了多篇相关的《都江堰导游词》,但愿对你工作学习有帮助,当然你在千文网还可以找到更多《都江堰导游词》。
游客们:
大家好!
欢迎来到四川成都的都江堰景区,我是导游柳百川,很高兴认识你们,你们可以称呼我“牛导”。
在观赏之前,我先强调一下注意事项:
一、请大家保管好自己的贵重物品;
二、请大家爱护环境;
三、跟随团队不要走丢。
现在,请大家跟着我,踏进都江堰大门一起游玩吧!你们知道吗?都江堰建于公元前256年的秦昭王时期,是蜀首相李冰父子率领民众修建的,大约花了20年才修建而成。距今有2000多年的历史,是世上年代最久的无坝引水的水利工程。
乘着微微的江风,我们来到了有名的宝瓶口,大家有没有发现一端岷江水带波涛汹涌的江水冲了过来,但是,到了中间,它就变成了一只忠诚的小狗,不得不流得慢了。三江口中间就是宝瓶口,宝瓶口把汹狠的江水一分为二,这种法子叫以柔克刚。宝瓶口的原理是:中间有一座被挖掉两旁的大山,水流冲过,就自然变成了两条,它是人工凿成控制江水的咽喉,因此叫做宝瓶口,就因为它的外形像个瓶子。
关于宝瓶口,还有一个传说,大家想听吗?
相传李冰治水前,岷江有一条孽龙,兴妖作怪,危害百姓。李冰便派李二朗和孽龙大战,孽龙大败,逃亡青城山王婆岩。一见老婆婆,饥饿难忍的孽龙要老婆婆为其做饭,老婆婆将铁链放入锅里化做面条,孽龙狼吞虎咽地吃下面条,结果动弹不得。正在此时李二朗赶到,由黎山老母变成的老婆婆将锁住的孽龙交给李二郎,并叮嘱道:“不要杀它,没有龙吐水,怎么种庄稼。”于是李二郎就把孽龙锁在泥堆的深潭里,避害兴利。
现在请大家自由活动,我们四点在对面烧烤店整合,祝大家玩得开心。游客们,时间过得飞快,是时候要告别了,如果下次有机会我还做你们的导游。
谢谢大家!
欢迎各位来到都江堰市游览。现在我们的车正经过宽敞平直的幸福大道转上玉垒山公路,去参观闻名中外的都江堰景区。
大家从成都来,都看到沿途纵横交错的河渠,奔涌着盈盈清水,流淌进远近碧绿的田畴,那就是都江古堰的灌渠。两千多年以来,古堰把滔滔东泻的岷江水引到广袤的成都平原,造就出“天府之国”的富饶和美丽。
在此以前,由于成都平原的地势是西北高,东南低,从高山连绵的松茂峡谷中汹涌而下的浩荡岷江,一到涨水季节,总是顺地势四下漫流,常常给平原生息的远古生灵带来可怕的洪涝灾难。后来经过距今大约三千年前的鳖灵治水,才使这片土地初步得到平安。鳖灵的巨大功绩,使蜀王杜宇把王位让给了他,成为开明王朝的第一位蜀王。
而真正把岷江引进平原,缔造了“益州天府”的大功臣,则是公元前三世纪的蜀郡太守李冰。是他带领人民群众建造了举世无双的都江堰工程,非常科学地实现了导江、防洪、引流灌溉的一系列功效。
其后,由于都江堰水利受到历代统治者的重视,设置专门的官员管理,前后有不少为政高明的管理者,又在管理和维护中不断地将积累的经验变成规范性的典章制度,使都江堰历经两千多年一直发挥着巨大的水利功能。因此,说都江堰是孕育出四川天府的第一奇功,闪射出中华民族智慧之光的典范,是毫不夸张的。
新中国成立以来,都江堰可说是古堰逢春,灌溉面积已由建国时的200万亩扩展到1000多万亩。都江堰能有此千古长效的伟大功能的奥秘所在。
我想这也是各位今天游览的目的吧!现在,我们走上了景区公路,沿途森林夹道,空气清新,使大家的旅游有了更好的心情。我们从观景楼往下游览。
都江堰鸟瞰
站在楼台的敞廊上远看都江堰的水利工程,可以看见岷江从山里滚滚而来,在拐弯处被一条像鱼头的长坝一分为二,堤坝这边的江水顺玉垒山脚流到一座孤立的山头前,堤坎矮下去了,而水流都靠着山这边走向远方,这就是都江堰的渠首工程。长堤的头部叫鱼咀,堤尾矮下去那段叫飞沙堰,孤立的山头和玉垒山之间的水道叫宝瓶口。
鱼咀、飞沙堰、宝瓶口是都江堰的三大主体工程,鱼咀用于分水,让灌溉的水进内江,多余的水走外江;飞沙堰用于溢洪排沙;宝瓶口用于引流入渠。就是这三部份工程的巧妙配合,奠定了都江堰千古长存的“不坏金身”。今天我们看起来,它们是那样的简单。甚至觉得平凡。其实正印证了―句“伟大出于平凡”的格言。
都江堰渠首工程蕴涵着极大的科学性,其设计和建造所体现的认识自然和利用自然的水平之高,即使是二千多年后的今天,仍然可以称之为最高水平的成就。等一会我们到了现场再作详细介绍。指物说理,可能比较容易说明白一些。现在我们去看二王庙。
二王庙
二王庙座落于玉垒山麓,是纪念都江堰修建者李冰父子的庙宇。这座庙宇原是纪念蜀王杜宇的“望帝祠”;南北朝时迁“望帝祠”于郫县后,为表达对李冰父子功德的崇敬之意,后来这里就被更名为“崇德庙”;宋朝,由于李冰父子相继被救封为王,便改崇德庙为“王庙”;到了清代,才正式定名为“二王庙”。
二王庙的建筑有五大特点:一是占地少,仅10072平方米;二是建筑密度高,达到60%;三是不强调中轴对称,这与大多数中国古建筑的基本特点相悖;四是上下高差大,有63米;五是规模宏大,布局严谨,令人赏心悦目,这五大建筑特点我们将边参观边体味。
我们从二王庙的后山往下走,经过存放商代古木和供奉元朝地方官吉当普的亭阁。穿过有两株“仙人松”的庭院,就到达庙宇的文物陈列室。在这里有我国两位著名画师的真迹镌刻在石碑上,他们的名字可谓是家喻户晓,要问是哪两位?
其实不用我在这里多说,大家一看画就知道了,这仕女图是张大千先生画的,这奔马自是徐悲鸿的杰作。大家再看左边的这个碑,谁能认出这是什么字?这本来也不是字,是用来降魔镇妖的道符,也难怪大家和我一样“一字不识”。
与陈列室平行是二王庙后殿,现在塑的是李冰夫妇的神像。由于李冰父子的丰功伟绩,后人早已将他们神化了。我们在二王庙中参观,自然知道二王是指李冰父子,但我们却见不到李冰儿子李二郎的塑像。“二郎”是神话中与李冰关系最密切的一人。
这个角色的出现,把李冰神话的故事情节又推进一个新阶段。但史书从未介绍过李冰儿子,所以李二郎只不过是个传说中的人物。我们都有自己崇拜的偶像,有人崇拜毛主席,有人崇拜拿破仑,有人则祟拜刘德华,当时的人却非常崇拜李冰。
偶像又都应该是完美的,李冰没有儿子,在封建时代有这么一句话“不孝有三,无后为大”,李冰倍受蜀人尊敬和崇拜,自然人们都希望他有一个英雄的儿子,能替他传宗接代,李二郎这个人物也就由此而产生了。
李二郎这个人物的原型可能是跟随李冰一起治水的年青人。李二郎代表的不是真有这个人,也不仅是治水的年青人。而是代表了所有和李冰一起治水的堰工的形象。
大殿就是李冰殿。大家知道,战国时期是一个产生杰出人物的时代。比如墨家墨子,法家的韩非子,儒家的孟子等等。李冰也是这个时代的杰出人物,诸子百家也应有水利家的一席之地。李冰是一名政治家,更是一名杰出的水利科学家。
世界文化遗产地――都江堰景区位于首批中国优秀旅游城市都江堰市城西,距四川省会成都市仅30分钟车程,双流国际机场58公里,交通十分便捷。景区地处内陆亚热带地区,年平均气温15.2℃,冬无严寒,夏无酷暑,环境优美,气候宜人,水质、空气都达到国际标准,全年均适宜旅游。
景区面积为220公顷,核心游览面积120公顷,是由离堆古园、都江堰渠首工程、二王庙、玉垒山、松茂古道等20多个重要景点串联成的旅游环线。独特的地理条件和生态环境造就了都江堰山、水、城、林、堰、桥融为一体的独特风光,具有极强的观赏性、生态性、特色性。
〔清溪园〕由于园中的美景是以清澈的岷江水为主线来串缀,因此称它为清溪园。清溪园占地约8000平方米,园林建筑风格取材于川西民居,造园手法以水生景,清泉在岷江特有的各色卵石的映衬下,凸显出浓浓的野趣。透过照壁的漏框,我们可以看见览秀亭屹于小山之上,山间溪流潺潺而下,使画面具有很强的立体感,同时也使这里成为整个园林的组景中心,我们眼前的这些盆景,有全国罕见的上千年的树桩盆景,也有再现巴山蜀水幽、险、雄、秀自然风貌的山水盆景。
园中最著名的树叫紫薇佛掌,紫薇树在民间一直是吉祥的象征。看它象不象如来佛祖的手掌,它历经沧桑,阅尽世间万象,是一件活的文物。您向它祈祷或许会带给你好运。这就是园内镇园三宝之一的紫薇花瓶,已经有1300年的历史了。请看瓶口与瓶底是合拢的,而瓶身是镂空的。每年的6~10月满树盛开的紫薇如同插在一个镂空的花瓶里,栩栩如生,堪称盆景艺术中的珍品,在《中国花经》中有专门介绍。
园中镇园三宝之一的紫薇屏风,它制作于明末清初,是用紫薇、银薇、翠薇三件花木编制而成。其大胆的想象,独特的构思,在全国尚属首例。它取意于古园林建筑中园门造型,虚实相间,既美观又实用,盘扎艺术大气而精巧,显示了园艺师精湛的技艺。
〔堰功道〕这条宽阔的大道,叫做堰功道。道旁屹立着十二位堰功人物。都江堰水利工程已经有两千两百多年的历史了,在两千多年的历史长河中,都江堰的社会功效与日俱增,这不仅要归功于李冰科学的选址、设计、施工,更要感谢从秦汉以来的历代驻川官吏和有识之士对都江堰的悉心维护。为了纪念治水先贤,都江堰人修建了这条长150米,宽14米的堰功道。左右分置了十二尊古朴凝重的青铜雕像。12尊青铜像分别代表了从秦汉时期――唐、宋、元、明、清历代各历史时期治水建堰功绩卓越的有功之臣,就是靠他们对都江堰水利工程不断的加固维修,才使都江堰至今青春常在。
他们大部分是蜀地的最高行政长官,又是兴修水利的专家。作为一方的执政者,他们在深刻认识到水利对于农业、民生和社会稳定意义的同时,更是领悟了都江堰“道法自然”的科学观和以民为本的人文精神。他们当中的.代表人物,就是诸葛亮。诸葛亮治蜀的一个大事是提倡农耕,要抓农耕,其中最大的一个事情是抓水利,抓水利最大的事情就是维护都江堰。在历史上诸葛亮第一次派了1200人长期驻守和维护都江堰工程,也是他第一次在都江堰设了专门管理都江堰工程的堰官。这个传统一直流传到后来。诸葛亮治蜀,政绩昭然。其中一个重要原因,就是受到了李冰治水精神的深刻启迪和影响。在成都平原,了解了水情就是了解了民情,治理了水情就是疏导了民心。而能够疏导的根本,就在于体察民情、了解民心、顺应民意。其疏导之法的精髓就在于:不是堵、不是围、不是截,而是导、而是开、而是放。
伏龙观
第二年在距李冰像出土南37米处又出土了一尊持锸石人像,可惜缺头残肩,背部被水冲蚀,石像宽衣重袖,双手持锸而立。通高1.85米,经考定为李冰石像题记中“造三神石人”中的一人。同年立于伏龙观大殿左侧。前殿的另一侧,陈列着都江堰市出土的汉墓石刻,其中有石俑、石马以及石刻水塘。眼前的石人石马是是汉代仿李冰治水时留下的文物雕凿成的。古书记载,造石俑放入内江江心,在淘滩的时候,以石人(马)为标准,在保证岷江江水既造福于民、灌溉良田,又避免水量过大造成成都平原水灾。当然,在后来以卧铁代替石人石马,石人石马便成古迹。
石刻水塘展现了建都江堰后,农田自流灌溉的繁荣景象和庄园主的生活。石刻水塘之间的凹槽,这些凹槽中间刻有水闸,其作用是控制田间进水量,如实反映了都江堰的“自流灌溉”,是与水利相关的汉代石刻艺术瑰宝。沿着天井的石阶进入中殿,中殿原名铁佛殿,现为文陈列室,这里展示的是有关李冰修建都江堰的文物、文献和中外嘉宾在伏龙观的留影和题词。后殿原名玉皇殿。殿四周均有回廊,视野开阔,移步换景,山光水色令人陶醉。左侧开阔处有一亭子,名“观澜亭”,在这里可见内外江奔腾呼啸,脚下的离堆此时更显出“中流砥柱”的气势。
〔都江堰水利工程〕都江堰水利工程不仅是中国水利工程技术的伟大奇迹,也是世界水利工程的璀璨明珠。它的最伟大之处,乃是建堰2260多年仍经久不衰,而且发挥着越来越大的效益。都江堰的创建,以不破坏自然资源、充分利用自然资源造福人类为前提,变害为利,使人、地、水三者高度和谐统一,是全世界迄今为止仅存的一项伟大的“生态工程”。都江堰水利工程是中国古代人民智慧的结晶,堪称中华文明划时代的里程碑。
公元前256年,秦蜀郡守李冰率民众历尽艰辛建成了举世闻名的都江堰水利工程。至此,被洪水长久肆虐、蜀人几为鱼的川西泽国摇身一变,成为沃野千里、遍地桑麻、满目稻麦的“天府之国”。
都江堰是世界公认的历史最悠久的无坝引水工程,它是中华民族勤劳智慧的象征。都江堰水利工程造就的天府之国,成为秦统一中国强大的后方战略基地和大粮仓,它无可置疑地推进和加速了华夏文明的进程。
造福万代的都江堰是一个庞大的水利系统工程。在两千多年漫长的岁月中,无论时代如何变迁,政权如何更迭,都江堰都得到了很好的保护和维修。它的水利网络逐渐扩大,目前已覆盖四川省36个县的1000多万亩良田,并向成都等数十座城市提供工业和生活用水,成为成都平原和川东北数千万人的生命之源。
世界上最伟大的无坝引水工程都江堰,除了它下游密如蛛网极其庞大的灌溉水网河渠系统外,其主体部份为渠首三大工程:鱼嘴分水堤、飞沙堰溢洪道和宝瓶引水口。鱼嘴分水堤,因形似鱼嘴而得名。分水堤位于渠首顶端,修筑在岷江弯道的中部,迎着古老的波涛,巧妙地将一条岷江剖为内外二江。内江是人工河,外江是岷江的天然河道,内江主要作用灌溉,外江则肩负着泄洪的重任。水流平缓的枯水期岷江六成水沿凹岸流入内江,外江占四成,水流湍急的洪水期,六成水在凸岸的反作用务下冲入外江,这就是治水三字经中所说的“分四六,平潦旱”。由此可见鱼嘴修建时的科学选址是何等奇妙。鱼嘴分水堤因长期面对洪水巨大的冲击力,所以修筑十分坚固,且世代维修,后人不敢有丝毫懈怠。
在没有现代化工具的两千多年前,李冰率众人烧水浇岩石,用人工艰难地将一座山断开,形成了一个窄窄的进水口,进水口因形似瓶颈而得名“宝瓶口”。江面在这里由70米骤减为28米,滔滔江水经窄窄的进水口涌入宽阔的内江,逐渐形成密如蛛网的水系,灌溉着川西平原千里沃野。它是都江堰系统工程的关键环节之一。宝瓶口是内江水进入成都平原的咽喉,犹如瓶口一样,严格控制着进入成都平原的江水流量。这种稳定的进水量,对成都平原的农田灌溉,抗旱防洪,生活用水等都产生了特大效益。20xx多年前的李冰能利用岷江和玉垒山的山形水势,设计出这样妙绝古今的水利枢纽工程。
〔安澜桥〕安澜桥是我国著名的五大古桥之一,全长261米。最早称绳桥或竹藤、笮桥,这与它修建的材料有关。到了宋代,改称“评事桥”,明朝末年毁于战火。清嘉庆八年,何先德夫妇倡议修建竹索桥,以木板为桥面,旁设扶栏,两岸行人可安渡狂澜,故更名“安澜桥”;民间为纪念何氏夫妇,又称之为“夫妻桥”。它是沟通内、外江两岸的交通要道。桥的原址本来在鱼嘴处,1974年因兴建外江水闸,将索桥下移了100多米,改用钢索建造。索桥是我国古代人民为征服高山峡谷、急流险滩,利用本地竹木资源创建的悬空过渡桥梁形式之一,是世界索桥建筑的典范。
〔二王庙〕二王庙坐落于玉垒山麓,是纪念都江堰修建者李冰父子的庙宇。这座庙宇原是纪念蜀王杜宇的“望帝祠”;南北朝时迁“望帝祠”于郫县,为表达对李冰父子功德的崇敬之意,后来这里就被更名为“崇德庙”;宋朝,由于李冰父子相继被敕封为王,便改崇德庙为“王庙”;到了清代,才正式定名为“二王庙”。二王庙的建筑有五大特点:一是依山随形占地少,仅10072平方米;二是建筑密度高,达到60%;三是不强调中轴对称,这与大多数中国古建筑的基本特点相悖;四是上下高差大,有63米;五是规模宏大,布局严谨,令人赏心悦目。
前面这小楼叫“乐楼”,是清代典型的仿道教建筑,每逢清明节放水,要举行隆重的“放水典礼”,成都的大官员来时,这里就奏乐迎接。乐楼的雕塑和装饰非常精美,通过谐音、会意或直书其字等方法,反映了道教中清静无为、吉祥如意、健体长生、羽化登仙等题材。色调上给人以亲切、明快、素雅、安祥之感。乐楼左、右两边分别塑的是汉代的文翁和三国时期的诸葛亮。他们都是发展和保护都江堰水利工程的功臣。
走上台阶,摩崖雕刻着历代积累的都江堰维修治理的经验,字句精练,含义准确,很有科学价值。比如:这是修都江堰的“六字诀”――深淘滩,低作堰。
“低作堰”是说飞沙堰不能加高,这“深淘滩”的“滩”指的是凤栖窝的一段河床,在每年枯水季节岁修清淤时,要深淘。深到什么程度呢?最早水下埋的是三个石人马,以前以涨水不过肩部,水枯时不低于人的足部为标准。现今淘滩,以看到四根卧铁为标准,这四根卧铁分别是明、清和民国时期以及90年代埋下的,只要淘见四根卧铁就行了。淘得过深,宝瓶口进水量偏大,会造成涝灾;淘得过浅,水量不足,难以灌溉。
大门里的“遇弯截角,逢正抽心”称为八字格言,是治理岷江和解决灌区输水及疏通排洪河道的方法,也可以说是一切治理疏浚河道的通则。“遇弯截角”指岁修时遇河流弯道,在凸岸截去锐角,减缓冲势,使其顺直一些,减轻主流对河岸的冲刷,“逢正抽心”就是遇到顺直的河段或河道汊沟很多时,应当把河床中间部位淘深一些,达到主流集中的目的,使江水“安流流轨”,避免泛流毁岸、淹毁农田。
〔松茂古道〕又称茶马古道,或合起来称松茂茶马古道。是从今天的都江堰市为起点,至阿坝藏族羌民族自治州松潘县为终点的一条古代交通要道。游人登上都江堰景区玉垒山的青石路面,还能依稀透过历史的厚重帷幕,想像这条古道的光荣与辉煌,凝望古旧的关隘、雉碟与城墙,领略历史赋予这条古道的重任。茶马古道早在距今1700多年前的三国蜀汉时期就已经开通。当时的茶马古道并非为贸易而开,主要是出于拓展疆域,便于军事行动的需要。到了唐代,松茂古道成了战略物资互换为主的战略交通要道。在四川,茶叶、布匹、铁器等内地物资在都江堰集中,组成几十上百匹的马帮,经松茂古道运往松潘。再把战马赶回都江堰。所以这条道成为了重要的“茶马古道”。
〔都江堰清明放水节〕都江堰的清明放水节又称开水节,源于古代对水神的祭祀(清代就称为祀水),因秦时蜀郡太守李冰建堰有功,后改为祭祀李冰。正式把清明节定为开水节,是在北宋太平兴国三年(978年),从那时开始至今,这项古老的水利民俗仪式已有1026年的历史了。都江堰的清明放水节与都江堰严格的岁修制度密切相关。在较早的时候,每到冬天枯水季节,就在渠首用特有的”杩槎截流法”筑成临时围堰,修外江时拦水入内江,修内江时又拦水入外江。清明时节,内江灌区需要放水春灌,便在渠首举行隆重的仪式,拆除拦河的杩槎,放水进入灌区,这就是放水仪式。在清代,每年清明开水春灌时,四川的总督,巡抚等官员还要到都江堰主持大典,担任主祭官,仪式非常隆重。开水后,还要坐着轿子赶在水头之前赶回成都,以求风调雨顺。
英文导游词范文_景点导游词英文
中国作为古代四大文明古国之一,许多著名景点吸引了各国各地友人慕名而来。下面是小编为你们整理出来的一些英文导游词范文,希望能帮到你们。
英文导游词范文1 Hello, everyone! I am a small tour guide Chen Mingxiao.Welcome to the magnificent the Great Wall.Today, I am honored to introduce to you the the Great Wall, the great ancient Chinese architecture.Now, let's start a tour of the Great Wall! As the saying goes, "le than the Great Wall is not a good man", climbing the Great Wall must have perseverance and unyielding perseverance and determination, and can not give up halfway.We can watch and climb on the other side.Let me first introduce the Great Wall to you: the Great Wall is made up of Guan Cheng, enemy building, smoke pier, Beacon Tower, enemy platform, wall platform, woo wall, stack, hole, perforation, etc.The Beacon Tower and the mound are used to deliver the enemy.During the day, smoked on smoked pits, and the number of smoke piles represents the number of enemy soldiers.I can't see the smoke at night and make a fire on the Beacon Tower.This way of transmitting information was the fastest and most effective in that era, and Beacon Tower played a very important role. At this time, I saw a child climbing on the wall.I held him down and said to everyone, "please be careful not to climb on the wall.It is very dangerous.Outside the wall is a dangerous mountain.Falling down is not fun! " Now, let me tell you more about the story of the Great Wall: Once upon a time, there was a man named Meng Jiangnu who went to dre for her husband who repaired the Great Wall.She went to the Great Wall, but she didn't find her husband.She quickly asked others that he had been buried in the Great Wall.She cried and cried for many years.Finally, she cried down the Great Wall and finally saw her husband. The Great Wall is beautiful, magnificent, winding, and you are welcome to visit it. 英文导游词范文2 ladies and gentlemen , welcome to Fenghuang, the place where were arriving is one of the two most beautiful town in China----the old town of fenghuang, its a very important point that connects huaihua hunan and tongren guizhou together.and its the hometown of mr shengcongwen.
fenghuang has wonderful natural landscapes,its very hot for travelling since the old time.even a lot of teleplays were produced here.fenghuang is also a dradle for famous people ,shencongwen and xiongxiling are both spent their childhood here.now, lets set out to enjoy these fantastic good views. THE FORMER RESIDENCE OF SHENCONGWEN This is the former residence of shencongwen,a very famous auther, archaeologist and historian in china. lined in the zhongying street in the south part of the fenghuang old town, the residence is a typical spacious ancient countryard with special tectonic style of ming and qing dynasty.walk into the yard, you can find that there is a small patio in the center of the countryard.which is built with red rock.around the patio , there are about 10 rooms which are small but decorated by special carved wooden windows .its so beautiful. common people,and know their tragic lives.this special experience stunned up his enthusiasm of writhing .so in 1919, mr shen went to beijing alone, and began his hard writing .after his series of works WEST OF HUNAN FRINGE TOWN were punished, mr shen became nation -wide well -known.at that time, he was even as famous as luxun, another famous auther in chiese literature area.its said that shencongwen is the one who is the most poible to win the prize. mr shen devoted all his life to writing,his 5-million word works are though as the precious legacy to the world literature.meanwhile, these works are also very veluable date for researching the history of hunan province and even china. 英文导游词范文3 Ladies and gentlemen, this time we are going to visit the famous Pingyao County.Pingyao County is one of the cultural heritages of the world heritage list.Please keep the floor clean during the tour.If you have any questions, you can ask me. We first came to the first tourist spot: South Street.The composition of Pingyao County is cricroed four streets, eight small streets, seventy-two winding streets, and now we come to the South Street of four Avenue.You see, on both sides of the street, old and famous shops are flourishing traditional commercial streets.During the Qing Dynasty, South Street controlled more than fifty percent of the financial institutions in the country. West Street is known as "the first street of Finance in Qing Dynasty", and it is a main street directly connected with East Street.And the East Avenue North and South Street intersection, North Street is to the west central street. Eight small streets and seventy-two lanes are named in the nearby buildings or marked signs; some are named in the temple temple; some are named in a city in the city; and some streets and lanes have been unable to explore the source of the name. There are many beautiful legends in Pingyao County, such as sleeping aunts and drug wives, and burning Town God's Temple.Please take a good tour of this beautiful ancient city. 英文导游词范文4 Everybody is good! Welcome to the Palace Museum tourists sightseeing.Today, I will take you visit the Forbidden City, in the hope that visitors can enjoy me!!!!!!! The tourists! The Palace Museum is in the Ming and qing dynasties imperial palace, the Forbidden City built on the basis of a collection of ancient buildings, collection, imperial palace culture art as one of the large-scale comprehensive museum.The Forbidden City covers an area of about more than 100 square meters, construction area of about 1 square meters.A total of 24 emperors lived in the Forbidden City, the first is the Ming dynasty yongle emperor zhu di, the last one is the qing dynasty xuantong emperor, puyi, ruled the country for 491 years.So the Palace Museum of history is very long! Visitors, please look up, this is the meridian gate, in ancient times, what kill people to kill in front of the meridian gate! From the meridian gate, we can see the jinshui bridge.From the jinshui bridge in the past, a gate, can see the Palace Museum of taihe palace, zhonghe palace and Baohe Palace, is the place where the emperor emperor, very grand.Out of Baohe Palace, a gate of heavenly purity, came to the palace of heavenly purity, this temple and palace of earthly tranquility, legend built the Forbidden City, is in order to world peace, to take these three places? Kun ning door, is the imperial garden, the garden scenery beautiful, there are a number of strange stone, come acro these stones, remember pictures to commemorate! Before the gate is her virginity and creature door, our trip to the Forbidden City is over.Look at this magnificent palace, and some loathe to give up? 英文导游词范文5 Entering the Meridian Gate, there are five marble bridges on the Inner Golden Water River, shaped like a bow.The five marble bridges just look like five arrows reporting symbolically to heaven.The five bridges were supposed to represent the five virtues preached by Confucius-benevolence, righteousne, rite, intelligence and fidelity. Acro the Inner Golden Water Bridge, we get to the Gate of Supreme Harmony.During the Ming and early Qing dynasties, here was the place where the emperor gave his audience, accepted documents from his ministers and made decisions here.There are two bronze lions guarding in front of the Gate of Supreme Harmony.The male lion was usually put on the left, playing with an embroidered design ball, which is said to show the emperor's supreme power.The other one on the right is the female lion, playing with a lion cub with its left paw symbolizing prosperity of the royal family's offsprings. Acro the Gate of Supreme Harmony , we come to the Hall of Supreme Harmony.Here the emperor held grand ceremonies such as the emperor's enthronement ceremony, the wedding ceremony, dispatched generals to the battles, and the emperor received the succeful candidates of the imperial examination etc.Also, the emperor held grand feasts each year on New Year's Day, Winter solstice and his own birthday. The Hall of Supreme Harmony is 35.5 meters high with double layered roof that represents the highest construction rank of all.Now, let's ascend the stairs and move on to look at articles in display on two sides of the hall.On the top layer of the terrace stands a sundial on the east an imperial grain measure on the west.The sundial is an ancient time measure or a time-measuring apparatus used in the old days.The sundial tells the time by seeing the shadow of the metal pin on the sundial, which has an inclination angle of 50 degrees with the graduation on it.The grain measure was used as the national standard measure in agriculture in the old days.Both the grain measure and the sundial were symbols of the emperor's justice and rectitude. There are two pairs of incense burners in the shape of bronze dragon-headed tortoises and bronze cranes placed on each side.They are both symbols of longevity. When you look up the building in the Forbidden City, you can see mythical animal statues on the eaves of each building.Originally, there used to be big wooden nails on the roof to prevent the tiles from sliding down.Later they were replaced by glazed tiles, which were shaped into mythical animal statues for better beautification.They are symbols of auspiciousne and peace, and people believed that they are capable of subduing fire and warding off evil spirits. Inside of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, you can see the gilded caion ceiling high above the throne with a magnificent sculpture of a curling dragon playing with a huge pear was called “Xuanyuan Jing”, representing orthodox succeion. This hall is supported by 72 giant columns inside.In the old days, the traditional way of the Chinese to calculate a “room” is that: a square enclosed by four pillars was treated as one “room”, so the hall can be said to have 55 “rooms” in total.The six columns inside are gilded and painted with coiled dragon amidst clouds, and the rest are painted red. The emperor's throne is placed on the dais in the center, and carved in cloud and dragon patterns and gilded.On both sides of the throne are a pair of elephant-shaped incense burners symbolize universal peace and two incense burners shaped as a mythical animal 9,000 kilometers per day and speaking all the languages of nearby kingdoms.Around the throne stand a pair of bronze cranes and in front of the dais is four cloisonné incense burners.The floor on the ground is paved with “Gold Bricks”, specially made in Suzhou. The Hall of Middle Harmony is a square-shaped hall with a single pyramidic roof standing behind the Hall of Supreme Harmony.This was the place where the emperor would take a short rest before he went to the Hall of Supreme Harmony for grand ceremonies.Every year before the emperor went to the Altars and Temples, the emperor would receive and read the sacrificial addre here. Before the emperor went to the Altar of Agriculture for offering the sacrifice, the seeds intended for spring sowing and the ploughs were examined here, just to show the concern of the emperor for agriculture. According to the rule, the imperial genealogy should be revised every ten years.The ceremony of presenting the genealogy to the emperor for revision and approval would also be held here. Now, we come to the Hall of Preserving Harmony, the last of the three front halls. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, on each New Year's Eve and the 15th day of the lunar moth, banquets would be held to entertain the civil and military officials and the princes and envoys of the Mongolian nobles and other nationalities.To celebrate the prince's marriage, the emperor would incite the bridegroom and his father as well as their relatives who served for the imperial government to a banquet. The Imperial Palace Exam was held here once every three years in the Qing dynasty. Just behind the Hall of Preserving Harmony, there is a big Marble Rampcarved with mountain cliffs, sea waves, clouds and nine dragons.It is 16.57 meters long, 3.07 meters wide and 1.7 meters thick, and weighs about 250 tons.英文导游词范文_景点导游词英文
各位游客,大家好!欢迎大家来到世界文化遗产地都江堰。我是你们的导游。
我们今天的游览路线是,从秦堰楼下去,依次参观二王庙、安澜索桥、鱼嘴、飞沙堰、宝瓶口等,最后我们在离堆公园门口集合登车。整个行程大约需要两个小时。在游览过程中,请大家爱护景区环境,紧跟团队,以免走失;同时,希望大家记号我们的停车位置和车牌号,以及我的联系方式。
先为大家介绍一下景区概况。都江堰修建于公元前256年的秦昭王时期,蜀郡首李冰率民众耗时约20年修建而成,距今已经有2000多年的历史,是世界上年代最久远,并且依然发挥巨大效益的无坝引水工程。难怪余秋雨先生会说:“我以为中国历史上最激动人心的工程不是长城而是都江堰”。
都江堰工程由鱼嘴、飞沙堰和宝瓶口三大部分组成。现在我暂且不讲飞沙堰如何排水防洪,也不讲宝瓶口怎样控制水量。重点给各位讲讲都江堰的渠首部分鱼嘴。大家顺着我手指的方向看去,位于江心位置形如鱼嘴的就是鱼嘴分水堤。
鱼嘴为都江堰水利工程奠定了至关重要的三大基础,我个人对它做一个总结,就是巧夺天工的一个“巧”字!
第一个巧:分四六,平涝旱。
大家请看,面对滚滚而来的岷江水,河床中央的鱼嘴将它一分为二:一条外江继续担任主河床的作用;一条内江为都江堰新建的引水道。当年李冰特别将内江的河床深度挖到低于外江河床三尺三,又使外江的河床宽度宽于内江河床九丈九。这样一来,岷江水流量小的时候,六成的水就流入内江,保证了成都平原的农业灌溉用水。到了洪水季节,岷江水流量大增,河床宽广的外江就会容纳近六成水流量,以免成都平原遭受洪涝之灾。这种功能就是二王庙石崖上刻着的六个字――分四六,平涝旱。
鱼嘴的第二巧,就是它发挥了排沙排石的功能。
由于都江堰处于岷江中游,所以,上游大量的沙石顺流而下。根据河水在弯道处的环流原理,江水冲击在弯道的崖壁上会产生漩流,将下层的沙石卷到水流表层;并且,水流越大卷起的沙石越多,因而大部分的沙石都会自动被带到外江而不会进入内江。同时,鱼嘴又处于“正面取水,侧面排沙”的理想位置。因此80%的沙石就会从这里排走,这样就大大的减少了内江淤塞之害。
第三个巧:中流砥柱
大家设想,在没有钢筋水泥的两千多年前,眼前这个固若金汤的鱼嘴堤坝是用什么材料构筑的呢?李冰巧妙的使用土石和装有卵石的竹笼,互相连接,形成堤坝。因为用料简陋,历朝历代有不少人想要改变工程用料。元代官员曾在鱼嘴这一关键部位铸造一个一万六千斤的铁龟;明代地方官又以铁牛镇守鱼嘴,但是都被洪水冲走,以失败告终。直到明代御史卢翊巡查四川考察水利时提出,只有李冰用竹笼装卵石的古法才符合以柔克刚的自然规律。把竹子编成竹笼,用竹笼装卵石,层叠堆垛,连接成坝才能减少堤坝断裂的可能,加上卵石之间的空隙可使水缓慢渗出,也就减少了溃坝的危险,从而形成既坚固耐冲又不积水的堤坝。同时,由于工程修建时不追求一劳永逸,取材因陋就简,所以每年的岁修又可使都江堰实现持续更新,体现了因势利导朴实无华的东方思路。
当然,仅有鱼嘴的作用是不够的,都江堰的三大工程是相互依存,共为体系的。