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Everybody is good! I am your tour of lijiang tour guide. I am very glad to be with you the happy time together! My name is zhang. You can call me a guide.
Please come with me. Here is the old town of lijiang. I'll give you a brief introduction of lijiang. Lijiang also known as dayan town, is located in the middle of lijiang dam, known as "one of the most preserved ancient city of the big four". It is the only ancient city without walls in China's famous historical and cultural city. Lijiang ancient city is located in the yunnan-guizhou plateau, 2400 meters above sea level, the area of the city 3. 8 square kilometers, the ancient times is known fairs and towns. The ancient city of existing residents 6200 households, 25000 people. Among them, the naxi nationality for the vast majority of the population, 30% of the residents are still engaged in produced with copper, silver, fur, leather, textiles, brewing traditional handicraft industry and business activities.
Ok, now you give me into the city to see.
Lijiang is an ancient city without walls, dayan ancient city is a strong cultural atmosphere of the town.
Lijiang ancient and the street of the city of mountain was built, mostly covered with red breccia, the rainy season will not muddy, also won't fly ash of the dry season, the stone patterns of natural elegance. Look, smooth and clean green flag road, completely hand-built civil housing structure, ubiquitous Bridges.
各位朋友,欢迎来到中国的威尼斯丽江古城。
丽江古城坐落在玉龙雪山下丽江坝子的中部,全城面积达3.8平方公里,常住人口约3万人,其中纳西族超过16900人。因为周围青山环绕,城中碧水滢滢,宛如一方碧玉大砚而取名为大研镇。它是中国历史文化名城中唯一没有城墙的古城,以四周个的高山为天然屏障。据说这是因为丽江世袭统治者姓木,筑城墙势必如木字加框,而成困字,木氏土司因忌讳而不设城墙。古城是一座风景秀丽、历史悠久和文化灿烂的名城,也是中国罕见的保存最为完整、最具纳西族风格的古代城镇。丽江古城的纳西名称叫依西芝,意思为金沙江江湾中的集镇,又叫巩本芝,意思为仓库集镇,由此可以知道它是以从事经济贸易发展起来的。导游带团软件
古城始建于南宋后期,距今约有800年的历史了。历代均为滇西北的政治、军事重镇和纳西、汉、藏等各民族经济文化交往的枢纽。元初,忽必烈南征大理,革囊渡江进入丽江,曾在古城一带驻军整训,至今仍留下许多相关的纳西语地名。明初,古城街道建设和集市贸易已初具规模,明末时已呈现出繁荣景象。中国明代著名旅行家徐霞客曾在丽江游记中写道宫室之丽,拟于王者,民居群落,瓦屋栉(zhi)比,这是对当年丽江古城之繁盛景观的真实写照。由于古城处于滇川藏交通要冲,是历史茶马古道的重镇。自清代以来,商旅云集,各路马帮往来不断,成为重要的贸易中转站。丽江古城,因为集中了纳西文化的精华,并完整地保留了宋元以来形成的历史风貌,1986年被国务院列为国家历史文化名城,1997年被联合国教科文组织列为世界文化遗产。说到这里,各位也许会问,游览丽江古城主要观赏些什么呢?我们可以登高览胜、临河就水,可以走街入院、还可以入市过桥,一览古城布局。
各位朋友,我们现在已经来到了古城的入口处。古城的布局可以说是以水为脉,随势自然。玉河水在这里分为西河、中河、东河,在古城里再分成更多的支流走街过巷,穿墙进屋。如果哪位朋友仔古城中迷失了方向,请记住:顺水而入,逆水而出。
下面就请各位跟我沿西河畔的新华街进入古城吧!
古城布局中的三山为屏、一川相连,水系利用中的三河穿城、家家流水、街道布局中经络设置和曲、幽、窄、达的风格,建筑物的依山就水、错落有致的设计艺术在中国现存古城中是极为罕见的,是纳西族先民根据民族传统和环境再创造的结果。
各位朋友,四方街到了。
四方街的位置在古城的中心,是由整齐繁华的铺面围成的一块大约400平方米的露天梯形集市小广场。据说是木氏土司让人仿照他的印章,用五花石铺就的,取权镇四方之意当年在广场周围,聚集了数十家商号和店铺。形形色色的货物通过茶马古道从四面八方汇集到这里,又从这里流到四面八方。是茶马古道造就了四方街的辉煌,使丽江古城成为滇西北茶马古道上的重要集镇。
古城的大街小巷,全是用红色角砾石块铺成,晴不扬尘,雨不积水。经历无数人年年月月的步履磨蚀,光滑洁净,大雨过后,呈现出五彩斑纹,当地人们称之为五花石。
四方街上,仍保留着古代利用河水清洗街道的装置,可以定期清洗街道,保持古城洁净,十分省力。在四方街西侧的西河上设有活动闸门,利用西河与东河的高差放水冲洗集市和街面,居民也喜欢用水桶汲水冲洗门前的五花石街道。导游带团软件
四方街西侧的制高点是科贡坊,是风格独特的三层门楼,原来是为这个小巷里杨家一门三举而建的。从清朝的雍正元年实行改土归流到清末废除科举的180年的历史里,丽江先后出了六十几位举人和7位进士。一门三举在文化发达的中原地区不足为奇,可在丽江这样一个长期由土司统治的边疆少数民族地区,却是一桩具有轰动效应的大喜事,于是官府和民众捐资在这里建了这个科贡坊。
丽江古城建筑最奇的是城市建设个规划师们巧妙的调用了清澈的玉泉水。当汩汩的泉水流至城头的双石桥下时。人们将泉水分作三叉,分别穿街过巷,就像人体的经脉一样。泉水流遍全城千家万户,造就了家家门前流泉水,户户垂柳拂屋檐的特有风采。水,不仅使大研古镇不断注入新生的朝气,也成为了大研古镇的佳妙美景。
城中有水必有桥。一石跨渠,即成一家,水绕民家,自然处处桥通道路。丽江古城既是一座古城,又是一座桥城。丽江古城有石拱桥、石板桥等各类桥梁三百多座。古道,小桥,流水,人家构成了丽江古城恬静的居住环境。这些都为中国的威尼斯增添了一份古朴的壮丽。
各位朋友,我们下面要去游览的地方是木府,木府是丽江古城文化的大观园。
纳西族木氏土司历经元明清3代22世470年,历史上称其为知诗书,好礼守仪。木府原系丽江世袭土司木氏衙署,徐霞客曾叹木府宫室之丽,拟于王者。木府历经战乱动荡的损毁,于1998年春重建,并在府内设立了古城博物院。
修复重建的木府占地46亩,坐西向东,沿中轴线依地势建有天雨流芳木牌坊,忠义坊、仪门、前议事厅、万卷楼、护法殿、光碧楼、玉音楼、三清殿等15幢,大大小小共计162间,衙内挂有几代皇帝钦赐的十一块匾额,上书忠义、诚心报国等。木府分前后两院,从仪门进去有议事厅、万卷楼、护法殿。这里是前院,也就是正院;而玉花园及碧光楼、语音楼、三清殿等则是后院。
木牌坊上大书的天雨流芳四字,是纳西语读书去的谐音,体现了纳西民族推崇知识的热情。
忠义牌坊又叫石牌坊,这座雕刻精湛的石雕建筑远近闻名,民间有大理三塔寺,丽江石牌坊的说法。
议事厅端庄宏伟,是土司议政的地方。
光碧楼是后花园门楼,历史上称它为称甲滇西
玉音楼是土司们接圣旨和歌舞宴会的地方。
三清殿是木氏土司推崇道家的产物。
木府是一座辉煌的建筑艺术园林,它充分反映了明代中原建筑的风采,同时保留了唐宋中原建筑中的古朴粗犷。
游览丽江古城,不应错过的是取聆听下纳西古乐。纳西古乐这一被国外称为在中国各地已经失传的音乐,它由《白沙细乐》和《丽江洞经音乐》两部分组成,它的珍贵之处在于它奇迹般的保留了一些早已失传的唐宋以来词曲音乐。纳西古乐经过数百年的发展变化,形成了汉族和纳西族音乐相融合的独特风格,具有浓厚的民族民间色彩。住在丽江古城,夜晚最美好的安排莫过于去聆听下纳西古乐。
游到这里,各位对古城可算是一饱眼福了,剩下的时间就留给各位自由活动。希望大家能够玩的开心,吃的舒心,睡得安心。谢谢大家!
Hello everyone, I am a tour guide from Lijiang Old Town, everyone can call me Rui Zi. In the process of traveling, please do not throw garbage, scribble, or do any dangerous actions... I wish you a happy journey!
Everyone will follow my pace. Look, this is our first stop-the gate of Lijiang Ancient City. In front of the gate are colorful flowers. Everyone can have a license for nostalgia. Next to the flowers are two big waterwheels. Listen, the big waterwheels are welcoming everyone with a bang! When you walk into the gate of Lijiang Ancient City, you can see two artworks. Everyone must think that these two artworks are carved! In fact, it was made by two living people with makeup, everyone can go and license them!
Attention, keep up with my footsteps and dont leave behind! We are at the second stop. Look, this ancient alley is shrouded in sunlight, and it looks like there is no end. The alley road is paved with bluestone slabs. Due to its ancient age, the alley is smoothed by people. Please be careful not to slip. On both sides of the alley is a dazzling array of shops with all kinds of things, such as puppets, jewelry, clothes...you can buy them, keep them for commemoration, or give them to others and your family.
Look at everyone, the fourth stop is here, this is our "Xiaoqiao Liushuirenjia". The water here flows down from the Jade Dragon Snow Mountain. It is clear and bottomy, and the ice is cold. You can try it by hand, but you must pay attention to safety! There is a small bridge on the small river. On both sides of the bridge are comfortable inns and restaurants. The environment of the restaurant is very good. The stairs are made of wood. If you are tired, you can sing, drink tea and chat upstairs. Trouble will run out of Jiuxiaoyun.
Everyone is keeping up, we are on Sifang Street. Look, how busy Sifang Street is! They lit a torch and were dancing happily, tourists, you can also go dancing! Feel their enthusiasm.
Then, where we are now is the famous Dongba wishing bell, it is said that the wish is very spiritual here! Let’s make a wish!
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