千文网小编为你整理了多篇相关的《大庆导游词》，但愿对你工作学习有帮助，当然你在千文网还可以找到更多《大庆导游词》。
第一篇：导游词个性导游词
下面讲解是关于倒要词一些相关范文，如果大家正在关于个性导游词语范文这方面内容，那么大家有眼福咯!希望各位都能够阅读以下文章哦!
最新山陕甘会馆导游词
各位朋友大家好，欢迎您来到山陕甘会馆，大家一路上辛苦了，我是您这次行程的讲解员，大家叫我小刘就可以了，山陕甘会馆导游词。非常荣幸能为大家提供服务，希望我的服务能够给大家带来一段愉快的旅程。
那么现在展现在大家面前的这座建筑就是照壁了，他素雅大方，雄伟壮观，高8.6米，长16.5米。照壁又称照墙、影墙，俗称影壁墙，它主要是作为建筑物前的屏障，挡住外人的视线，使之不能对院内的情况一览无余，同时又作为人们进入院落前停歇和整理衣冠的地方。此外，照壁还具有两个功能，防止金钱外漏和挡住小鬼进屋，因为传说小鬼只会直着走，用照壁的形式挡他一下他就进不来了。
那咱们会馆的照壁呢从上到下分为三个部分，最上面是庑殿顶。庑殿顶是中国建筑等级最高的一种屋顶形式，在故宫当中很多建筑都采用这种形式的屋顶，它是由一条正脊和前后左右四坡相交而成的四条垂脊构成，所以庑殿顶又叫做四阿顶或五脊顶。咱们会馆的木雕、石雕、砖雕技艺精湛、内容丰富，被成为会馆三绝，其中砖雕就主要表现在照壁上。咱们顺着房檐向下看一点儿，那四个突出的圆圆的叫做寿字纹梁头，它们将此部分分成了5个部分，中间又有两个龙形耍头把每个部分又分成了三个部分，所以砖雕的区域从左到右一共为15个部分。
那我们先从左往右数，在第二个区域中呢，我们看到一朵牡丹花插在花瓶当中，大家都知道，牡丹是富贵之花，那花瓶呢?在中国语言中啊有一种特殊的现象，就是我们把音相同的字认为是同意字，因为花瓶的瓶与平安的平相谐音，所以呢，牡丹花插在花瓶当中呢，就是富贵平安的意思了。那我们往右看第三区的位置，我们看到一只小狮子驮着一个宝瓶，狮子的狮与世代的世音相谐，所以狮驼宝瓶就是世代平安了。还有它旁边的那幅，也就是第四区的位置，我们看到两本书。其实这是古代商人记账所用的账本，上面开着的是进账的账本，下面合着的是出账的账本，进账账本压着出账账本，代表只进不出，也是表达多多赚钱，好运连连的愿望了。
从左往右数在第六个区域当中我们看到花瓶之后出现了一把宝剑，那这也很好理解，就是保平安的意思了。商人们在外经商，尤其是像咱们会馆都是山西、陕西、甘肃的商人可以说不远万里的来经商，出门在外，当然最希望的就是自己的家宅平安、财产平安了。那咱们接着向下看，就能够欣赏到咱们会馆的石雕了。相信大家看到照壁的第一眼就已经看到照壁中心的这个图案了。它是一幅二龙戏珠图，这幅图里面是圆的，外面是方的，外圆内方呢这也是对古人天圆地方说的一种具体反映了。我们看这两条龙爪托着的这颗珠子呢既不是珍珠也不是宝珠，也不是中国传统意义上的月明珠或者火焰珠，那如果大家仔细观察的话可以发现，它是一只有眼睛有嘴巴而且还倒挂着的蜘蛛。这蜘蛛，在古代又称为蟢子，是中国传说当中的喜乐之神，二龙戏蟢子，寓意着喜从天降、喜事到来。
还有一种说法是蜘蛛吐丝结网，这同商人的商业网络是非常相似的，也表达了商人网罗全国的愿望。旁边的忠、义、仁、勇四个大字是我市著名的青年书法家也是我市的副市长陈国桢先生精心书写的，这四个字也是对关羽一生的高度概括，说的是关羽一生对国忠、待人义、处事仁、作战勇，这也是为什么人们千百年来崇尚关羽关圣帝君的原因了。大家看身后的这座建筑，上面写着关庙俩字，其实呢这座山陕甘会馆最早是在清朝乾隆年间，由山西和陕西的商人共同集资修建的，后来随着光绪年间甘肃商人的加入，于是改名为山陕甘会馆。会馆的主要收入是靠商户的捐摊，其次就是靠房屋和土地的租赁收入了。当时的山陕甘会馆共计有房屋300多间，土地200多亩，我们现在所能见到的就是关帝庙的部分，还不到当时的五分之一。
参观完照壁后咱们继续向前走。穿过甬道后我们看到的左右两边对称的建筑就是钟鼓二楼了。古代重镇和大型的寺院内都设有钟鼓二楼。咱会馆这钟鼓二楼平面呈正方形，通高12.14米，是由四根通柱擎撑，二层以上又设有12根柱子，为重檐歇山顶，十分的华丽。咱们山陕甘会馆的是开封经过战乱水祸后唯一保存下来清代钟鼓楼，建于清道光年间，您在其他景点看到的都是后来才建造的。我们知道，古人是没有钟表之类的计时工具的，所以人们就以早晨敲钟、晚上击鼓的方式提醒人们时间，这就会让我们自然而然的想起晨钟暮鼓，又仿佛回到了那个日出而作、日落而息的年代。那鼓楼啊还有一个特殊的用途。据记载，鼓楼最早是北魏年间由县令李崇所建，当时是作为擒贼捉盗时传递信息的工具来使用。那咱们都知道烽火狼烟，它和鼓楼的作用也是相同的，但是却没有鼓楼这么方便。可以说，鼓楼是咱们中国人在信息传递上继烽火狼烟之后的又一大创举。
那看完鼓楼二楼以后呢，咱们回过身来看看咱们身后的这座建筑。刚才通过甬道时咱头上面的这个呢就叫做戏楼，上面的就是戏台了。一般较大的会馆都会有戏台，古代的戏台分为两种，一种是三面开口凸出式戏台，长什么样子呢，就是咱们会馆戏台的样子。观众可以从三面观看演员的演出。另一种为一面开口镜框式戏台，跟咱们现在舞台非常的相近。那咱们会馆的戏楼也有它的特别之处，它分为上下两层，上面演戏、下面可供行走，有行走演出两不误的功效。清代和民国的时候有许多名角都在这里演出过，尤其是在清代的时候，每逢正月十
三、五月十三和九月十三都会在这里演大戏来祭祀关羽。大家来看，这座建筑上最有意思的就是旁边的这两幅对联了：幻即是真，世态人情，描写的淋漓尽致;今世犹古，新闻旧事，扮演的毫发不差。台上笑，台下笑台上台下笑惹笑;看古人，看今人，看古看今人看人。由此看来戏楼确实演绎了人间百态。那我们会发现咱站在这里看戏呢时间久了就会感到脖子酸疼、非常不舒服。一向以建筑结构合理著称的中国古典建筑怎么会犯这种错不是错误，那么最佳的观赏位置又是在哪里呢?那我在这里先给大家买个关子，答案咱们待会儿揭晓。
个性导游词语范文
精选香山导游词
山公园位于北京西北郊西山东麓，东南距市中心28公里。最高点为香炉峰，海拔557米，俗称鬼见愁。
香山山顶有巨石两块，叫乳峰石。其形酷似香炉，周围又常有云雾弥漫，如袅袅升空的香烟，香山由此得名。 香山景色秀丽，名胜遍布，风光旖旎，极富自然野趣。秋来黄栌换装，漫山红遍，如火如荼，此即香山红叶，是燕京八景之一。香山冬天的景色也很迷人，每当冬雪初晴，一片银妆素裹，分外妖娆，旧燕京八景之一的西山晴雪就指这里。
香山寺，在香山公园内蟾蜍峰北。金大定二十六年(1186年)建，金世宗赐名大永安寺，为香山诸寺之首，静宜园二十八景之一。后遭英法联军和八国联军焚毁，仅存石阶，石坊柱、石屏等遗迹，唯有寺内的听法松依然屹立。 香炉峰，俗称鬼见愁。在香山公园西部。此峰高峻陡削，攀登不易，在峰顶可饱览香山全景。近年已建有缆车索道，牵引登山。 双清别墅在香山公园内香山寺下。这里原有两股清泉，相传金章宗时称梦感泉。清乾隆在泉旁石崖上题刻双清二字。
1917年熊希龄在此修建别墅，并以此为名。别墅淡雅幽静，山水树石顺其自然。清泉大聚一池，池边有亭，亭后有屋，屋旁有竹，竹影扶疏，秀丽非凡。在此春日赏花，酷夏避暑，秋观红叶，寒冬踏雪，四季景色绮丽，称为香山园中园。 眼镜湖，在香山公园北门内。两泓平静的湖水由一座白石拱桥相联，形似眼镜，故此得名。湖的北侧山石叠嶂，峰峦崛起。一洞之上，流泉直下，恰似珠帘垂挂的水帘洞。山花芳草在沟壑石缝和小溪池水旁争奇斗艳，古柏苍松、老槐垂柳交汇成一片清荫。 见心斋在香山公园北门内西侧，毗邻眼镜湖。建于明嘉靖年间，几经修葺，是座颇具江南风味的庭院。
香山庭院中心是一平圆形水池，清洌的泉水从石雕的龙口中注入，夏来新荷婷立，金鱼嬉戏。池东、南、北三面回廊环抱，内有一小亭伸入池中。池西有轩榭三间，即见心斋。斋后山石嶙峋，松柏交翠。整个庭院清静幽雅，使人留连忘返。当年乾隆帝曾在此读书和赐宴臣僚。
关于福建莆田九鲤湖导游词
各位团友，大家好： 现在由我为大家服务。
我们现在到达的九鲤湖景区位于仙游县东北隅约25公里的万山之巅，面积29平方公里，平均海拔590米。(因在万山之颠，道路崎岖、陡峭大家要注意安全，互相帮助。)这里以湖、洞、瀑、石四奇著称，尤以飞瀑为最，自古以来有鲤湖飞瀑天下奇之誉;明代大旅行家徐霞客把它与武夷山、玉华洞并称福建三绝。
九鲤湖的由来，还有一段传说：相传汉武帝时，安徽芦江有一个叫何任侠的人生了九个儿子，但除了老大额中间有一只眼睛外，其余八人双目失明。他们不肯参加淮南王刘安的叛乱，而被刘安派人追杀， 历尽千辛万难，来到今天九鲤湖所在的山峦之颠，并在此隐居下来修道炼丹、普济众生。有一天风雨大作、雷电交加，突然从湖中跃出九条鲤鱼，身的两侧长出翅膀，九兄弟知道鲤鱼吃了他们的仙丹要升天了于是各乘一条鲤鱼冲天而去，成了神仙。九鲤湖因此而得名。各位团友，现在展现在我们眼前的这座颇具中华民族特色的桥，被称为通仙桥，意为通往人间仙境之桥。也是为风景区的路口。
请大家往下瞧，溪床上那些奇形怪状的溶洞，大家看这些溶洞像什么形状?是不是像仙人炼丹时用的物品形状呢?传说这是仙人炼丹是留下的遗迹。有人曾经把染上颜色的稗谷倒进溶洞里，后来在莆田三江口林兰溪入海处发现了这些稗谷，你们说奇特不奇特?那这些溶洞究竟是什么原因造成的呢?其实这些溶洞乃是大自然的杰作，距今大约7000万年的燕山晚期，由于地壳深部的岩浆侵入，形成了花岗岩体，而花岗岩所含的矿物，经过发育后形成各种形态，在漫长的地壳变迁过程中，在外力的作用下，才形成如今这些溶洞。
团友们，眼前就是九鲤湖。整个湖呈圆形，直径67米。面积不到杭州西湖的十分之一，却可用小巧出雅四个字来形容。清晨、旁晚、入夜都有它的特色美景。为了纪念何氏兄弟而修建的这座祠宇，称为九仙祠。重建于宋淳熙年间，距今已有800多年的历史了。九仙祠又名显灵庙。
据说，九鲤仙人十分灵验，会给虔诚的人托梦指点迷津。因而历代以来,香客络绎不绝,连自称江南第一才子的唐伯虎在考场失意后,千里迢迢来到九鲤湖祈梦。据说，他在此梦得九鲤仙人赠给他一个装有一万条墨锭的囊袋。自此以后,他写的诗更加清新明丽,画的画更为传神。各位团友,九鲤湖的湖水虽迷人,何氏兄弟的故事虽然动人,但我们的九鲤飞瀑却更为吸引人。你们瞧,那石湖上方的进水处,就是第一祭-雷轰祭。此祭落差最小,但由于河床奇特,又不满溶洞,以致水流冲下的时候,发出深沉的轰鸣,声如洪钟,故称雷轰祭。现在请看,这就是石湖的尽头,由于巨石横卧,挡住了湖水的去路。湖水就怒气冲冲向前撞。因而这祭人们称之为瀑布祭。
各位团友,这便是珠帘祭和玉柱祭。大家知不知道黄山有个人字瀑?水在下落时被石脊分为两股,极像一个人字,古人称人字瀑。而玉柱祭的水向下流时,被一块突出的巨石截断。水下落时被溅起来的水珠在阳光的照耀下,像万穿断了线的珍珠飞落下来,珠帘也就因此而得名。玉柱祭以下,尚有五祭瀑布, 石门祭怪石嶙峋,一水斜回,有二石亭亭如门,欲合不合,欲开不开,下涌奔泉上凝云影。五星祭有五块巨石相拥如星,惟妙惟肖,因此得名。飞凤祭因泉水声如鸟语且有飞凤峰而得名。棋盘祭中有一巨石如棋盘,盘有一石如童子在观棋而名之。将军祭中有二石酷似两位勇士当关,故名之。
第二篇：导游词神农架导游词
考导游证，准备导游词真的很辛苦。就算只是为了期末考试那个十选一，也不是那么容易（我相信和我同一个老师的你会懂的）。将自己用过的导游词共享，不求最好，但求能过。
ps：只要准备充分，一定会过的
神农架导游词
各位游客
大家好！欢迎大家来到神农架观光游览，我是大家此行的导游……，大家可以叫我小*或是*导。这位是我们的司机陈师傅，他的车技相当娴熟，大家尽可放心地坐他的车。咱们今天一起游览的是黄鹤楼。一路上您若是有什么问题，请尽管提出来，我将尽力为您解决。最后希望大家在此能度过一段难忘的时光。
我们现在已经进入了闻名中外的神农架国家级森林及野生动物类型自然保护区，神农架自然保护区位于鄂渝两省市交界处，长江、汉水之间，神农架林区境内。神农架群山形成于燕山运动时期，境内最高峰神农顶海拔3105.4米，号称“华中第一峰”，最低处石柱河谷海拔仅398米，平均海拔1700米， 3000米以上高峰有六座，所以人们又称神农架为“华中屋脊”。 神农架的历史十分悠久，早在旧石器时代就有原始人类在此活动，相传炎帝神农氏曾率众在此搭架采药，教人们耕种，所以这里被称做神农架。
请各位游客朋友往车窗左边看（讲解时伴有手势，因面对游客，故出右手指自己身体右方），这就是被称作“华中屋脊的华中第一高峰神农顶，海拔3105.4米。
我们现在来到了进入神农架自然保护区后的第一站——大龙潭。这里是国家组织的两次神农架“野人”考察的宿营地，也是现在的野考工作站所在地和神农架金丝猴活动习性的重要观察点。这里曾经住着一对野外考察的夫妇，他们在大龙潭一呆就是10多年。游客来到这里，可以参观他们的野外考察成果展览。我们现在到达的地方与刚刚到过的地方只有一字之差，叫小龙潭。这里建有野生动物救护中心“野人”展馆和龙潭茶社。让我们下车去游览一番吧！
看过了野人的资料，大家也许非常好奇，不要着急，我们先欣赏这里的美景。现在我们就可以来到被誉为“神农架第一景”的风景垭入口处。风景垭原名巴东垭， 1981年地名普查时发现其与小神农架相邻的巴东垭子重名，于是就更名为“风景垭”。 另一种说法是：当年王光美同志来神农架，在这上面呆了两小时。她说：“这里的风景这么美，为什么不叫风景垭呢？”后更名为“风景垭”。 风景垭海拔2785米，这里形成了石林丛生，如笋似柱的奇观。大家也许会想。这是怎么形成的呢？这是由于所处地层属神农架背斜的核心部位，又南连北东向的韭菜垭子断层。燕山运动后，随着神农架地区的不断上升，南部断层的软弱部位不断发生深切作用，致使垭南坡下切成深达千米的峡谷，分布于垭南坡的神农架群下亚群的碳酸盐岩，最容易受到风化溶蚀，经过千万年来的风刀霜剑，雕塑出了今天的石林景观。石林周围，竹海苍翠，杜鹃摇红，流云飞雾缠绕，所以有“石林云雨”之称。风景垭奇特风光被誉为“神农第一景”。因此人们常说：不到风景垭，枉到神农架。 这里的景色如此迷人，大家尽可以在这里凭栏而观，摄影留念。
离开风景垭，我们就到达了板壁岩，这里因为有野人出没和奇妙的石林而倍受游人注目。在停车场的周围，有大片的野生杜鹃林，每年5月至7月杜鹃花竞相开放，红的、紫的、黄的、白的杜鹃花簇浩浩荡荡，十分好看。杜鹃花是中国的十大名花之一，名列第6。神农架野生杜鹃有6属19种之多，是一个奇特的高山杜鹃家族。由于板壁岩周围的杜鹃林相当集中，所以这里曾作为1995年神农架首届国际杜鹃花节的开幕式现场。
板壁岩上下，箭竹林漫山遍野，密不透风。这一带是神冬笋“野人”经常出没的地方，箭竹林中多次发现“野人”的脚印、毛发、粪便和竹窝。野人的毛发无论是从表面还是细胞结构，均优于高等灵长动物。野人的脚印长约25厘米，步幅约2.7米，可以想象野人的身材是很高大的。最令人惊叹的还要算是野人的窝，窝是用20根箭竹扭曲而成，人躺在上面，视野开阔，舒适如同靠椅，经验证，这绝非猎人所做，更非猿类、熊类所为，它的制造和使用者当然是那种介于人和高等灵长类之间的奇特动物了。“野人”的传说在世界各地宣传甚广，名列飞碟UFO、百慕大魔鬼三角等世界之谜之首。在美洲它被称做“大脚怪”；在青藏高原称“雪人“；在神农架地区被称做“野人”、“毛人”、“山鬼”等。在世界各地，所有关于“野人”的传说都近乎重复着同一个形象：全身长毛、外观像人、无语言能力、直立行走……这些描绘显然不同于膜拜鬼神，而完全符合现生哺乳类动物的基本特征。自古至今，不同地区、不同民族、不同历史时期，重复着同样的“野人”故事。我国科学家将这种神秘动物称为“未知高大灵长目动物”。 “野生”这种奇异的生命迹象正吸引着全世界探索自然之谜的人们，它是举世瞩目的世界之谜。而中国神农架是世界上最可能藏有谜底的地区。
跟云南的著名“石林”相比板壁岩的石林别具特色。它没有云南石林的集中与壮观，但确十分的灵秀、别致。可能是岩质的原因，也可能是亿万年风霜雨雪侵蚀的结果，板壁岩的岩石都不是光滑的，都是那样刻满沧桑，嶙峋凸凹。把这里的每块岩石搬到别的地方，都是一座漂亮别致的放大了的盆景。
美好的时光总是让人觉得短暂，我们的神农架之旅就到此结束了。这段时间得到了大家的协助和配合，旅游活动进行得十分顺利，对此，我由衷地向大家表示感谢！我有服务不周的地方海清各位多多谅解。俗话说：读万卷书行万里路，这次的神农架之行让我们的生活有了新的体验和认识，希望着能成为我们愿用回味的美好记忆。离别之际，送给大家一句话：我们常说因为生活我们不能失去工作，我们努力工作是为了生活，那反过来我们也不能因为工作失去生活，在您忙碌的工作之余别忘了给自己留一份空间，出来旅行一下。祝大家旅途顺利，身体健康！谢谢！
第三篇：ArticlethreethetourguidewordsintheImperialPalace,Beijing
Hello everyone！ I am this tour guide, you can call me Xiao Wang. For a moment, we will go to the famous, and is known as the world's top five of the first temple of the the Imperial Palace in Beijing.
Attention, everyone, if you do not want to let the garbage around the Imperial Palace, then don't litter. Children with children also have to take care of their children.
First of all, I would like to give you a brief introduction of its history: the the Imperial Palace in Beijing, also known as the Forbidden City. Today, people call it the Imperial Palace, which means the Imperial Palace in the past, and it is the largest and most complete ancient architecture in the world. The area of the Imperial Palace is about 723600 square meters. It is said that there are 9999 rooms in the Imperial Palace. The Imperial Palace palace building is uniform wooden structure, yellow glazed and green Whitehead base and beautiful decoration painting.
Come and see the temple. It is 27 meters high and is paved on the ground with brick. The four corners of the roof are shining yellow glazed tiles on the roof, which is solemn and sacred. Is the central and temple placed all the supplies for the buddha. But no one knows, this is only a place where the emperor stopped at the temple of Taihe.
Imperial Garden is also beautiful. There are not only green and high pine and cypress in the garden, but also a lot of precious flowers and trees. A famous building with 20 superfluous places. Named Chunting million and Chiaki Pavilion Pavilion, the pavilion can be said today to save the most magnificent Pavilion.
Today, though we can't visit more beautiful scenery of the Imperial Palace because of the time relationship, we believe you have seen a lot, learned a lot and enjoyed this tour. I wish you a pleasant journey home! Good health！ Next time to visit Beijing, please remember to contact Xiao Wang, and then spend a pleasant time with you.
第四篇：英语导游词泉州导游词
泉州导游词
Overview of Quanzhou TouristryQuanzhou is a well-known hometown for overseas Chinese and a majority of the Han population in Taiwanese.The total population in the municipality is over 6.7 million.About 9 million of Han nationality in Taiwan are originally from Quanzhou.In recent years, the number of visitors from Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macao has been increasing.They come back for pilgrimage to their visit ancestors’ graves, visit their families and friends, make investments and conduct busine and sightseeing.This has greatly promoted the social and economic development in Quanzhou.
Quanzhou is one of first 24 important national historic and cultural cities announced by the State Council.From Tang Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty, “Citong Port” in Quanzhou was one of the major ports for foreign trade.It was the departure point of “marine silk route” and enjoyed the grand reputation of “largest oriental port”.The city has numerous famous scenic spots, cultural and historic relics.Among 399 protected cultural relics in the city, 12 are of state level and 37 are of province level.
1.Chongwu Ancient Town “natural film studio” and “Beidaihe in the South”.It is located at Chongwu Township, the coastal jag in the east of Hui-an County.
The site covers an area of 300 Mu, winding along the coastline, composed of Chongwu ancient town, Hui-an women glamour, the granite carving museum, and Earth Art.The well-preserved T-shaped city wall of Chongwu ancient town is located on just the opposite of the scenic spot.It is regarded as “case of the ancient systematic civil work due to its unique architecture.The area has been listed by provincial tourism Bureau as the key construction project for tourism and announced by Quanzhou Municipal Government as the first batch of famous scenic spots, receiving over one million tourists each year.
2.Qingyuan Mountain Quanzhou is 2 km from the down town and directly acceible by bus.The sight is known as “No.1 Penglai Mountain in Fujian Province” and the “Back garden of Quanzhou”.
The scenic sight covers a total area of 62 km2, consisting Qingyuan Mountain, Jiuri Mountain, Lingshan secret tomb, and Xibeiyang.Qingyuan Mountain has three national key culture relics located on 8 sites.The most attractive site is the giant granite statue of an old gentleman, which is 5.63 meters high, 6.85 meters thick and 8.01 meters wide.Covering an area of 55 m2, it is the largest Taoist granite statue existing at present in China.In addition, there are also Islamic tombs in Song Dynasty, Qifeng rock calligraphy group on Jiuri Mountain, the granite statue of “Sanshifu (Three-generation Buddha)”of Tibetan Buddhism of Yuan Dynasty, the giant granite statue of “Amituofu”, and the Buddhist relics of Hongyi master, the senior monk in modern history, and the Buddhist relics of Hui-an native Guanqin master monk which is brought back from Taiwan.The mountain has gathered rock calligraphies of Taoism, Confucius, Buddhism, Muslim, Muni, as well as many fine calligraphy since Tang and Song Dynasties, hence the name of “Museum of Stone Carving”.
3.Ling Mountain Sacred Tomb
Fengze District Forest Park.It is the best protected Muslim relics existing in China.
Covers an area of 300 m2, the existing tomb is a pagoda shaped Islamic tomb, located in the north and facing the south.The tomb, measuring 2.15 meter long, 1.1 meters wide and 0.6 meters tall, is structured in three layers.On the east, west and north of the tomb are horse-shoe shaped protection cloisters for 9 chambers which are 11 meters wide and 1.04 meters deep.Inside the cloisters, there are 5 monument stones of different dynasties.In front there is a shining-green monument stone carved with Arabic language.On the right it is the monument stone which was laid when Zhenghe came to burn jo sticks before he started the 5th voyage expedition.
To the Arab world, the tomb on the Ling Mountain is the third important sacred tomb, next to Muhammad’s tomb in Mecca and Ari Tomb in Iraq.
4.Qingjing Mosque National key culture relics, it is located in the middle section of Tumen Street, Licheng District, covering an area of 2500 m2.
Qingjing Mosque faces the street in the South, with a pointed dome roof.The dome has three layers: inside, middle and outside.On the external wall, there is a statue on the top, which is carved with “Alcoran” in Arabic.The back wall of the mosque is carved with ancient Arabic script, recording the time of construction and repair and the builders.In the mosque, there is a stone carving of the emperor’s instruction about the protection of the Islamic mosque in Yongle Year 5 of Ming Dynasty (1407).On top of the mosque gate, there is a platform named “platform looking at the moon” which is built with bricks in the shape of dual-square.
5.Kaiyuan Temple National key culture relics, it is a 1000-year old temple, famous in China and overseas.Build in Wuzetian Chuigong Year 2 of Tang Dynasty (Year 686), the temple is Located in the west street of Lincheng District, Quanzhou, Fujian Province.The temple has a history of over 1300 years, covering an area of 78,000 m2.
Kaiyuan Temple is evenly laid in structure.Starting from the gate, there are the Hall of Heaven King, Praying Pavilion, east and west Corridors, the Precious Hall of Great Hero, Ganlujietan, and scripture store-room.The buildings are laid spectacularly and neatly in a line.Inside Kaiyuan Temple, there stood the east pagoda and the west pagoda, which are also called Ziyun couple pagodas.The east pagoda is named Zhenguo Pagoda, which was made from the wood initially and later replaced by the brick at the height of 48.24 meters.The west pagoda is named Renshou pagoda, which was built from the timber sent by Wang Shenzhi, the king of Fujian.It was named “emotal pagoda”.It was replaced by brick structure in the northern Song Dynasty and changed again to stone pagoda in the Southern Song Dynasty at the height of 44.06 meters.The west pagoda was built 10 years earlier than the east pagoda
6.Luoyang Bridge
A National cultural relics located over Luoyang River, 20 km northeast off Quanzhou.The construction of the bridge started in 1053 and was completed in 1059.Its length is 834 meters and width, 7 meters, with 31 piers.On the two sides of the bridge, there are fences, on top of which there stand delicately carved lion stone statues.The bridge is also decorated with 7 pavilions, 9 pagodas and knight statues standing at each end.With the unique architecture, the bridge is famous both at home and abroad and has gained the reputation of “No.1 bridge acro the sea”.On the outside of the bridge, there are 500 carved stone railings and 28 carved stone lions, symbolizing 28 famous craftsmen; and 81 Buddha statues, including the Moon Buddha.On the north of the bridge, there is a courtyard, which is known as the No.1 courtyard in the south of Fujian Province.
7、Anping Bridge A national key culture relic located at Anhai Town of Jingjiang City, Fujian Province, acce to the highway between Fuzhou and Xiamen and the national road No 324.Anping Bridge extends over the bay between Anhai Township of Jingjiang and Shuitou Township of Anhai.The construction of the bridge started in Shaoxing Year 8 of Song Dynasty (1138) and completed in Shaoxing Year 22 (1152).Made of granite piers, the bridge is 2700 meters long and it was the longest bridge in the ancient times, known as “no bridge would be longer than this bridge”.The construction of Anping Bridge is unique, because the original piers were designed in three different shapes: square, semi-boat, and raft.The foundation of the bridge adopted “sunken foundation covered by wood” and wooden piles respectively according to the different earth layer.The surface of the bridge was laid with granite slates of 5-11 meters long and 4.5-25 tons each.The bridge surface was laid by utilizing the rising and falling of the tide.
8.Shiniu Mountain the territory of Dehua, in the middle of Fujian Province and the southeast part of mid Daiyun Mountain range.
Shiniu Mountain is famous for its vicious cliff, strange-shaped rocks, strange-looked trees and mysterious caves.In the park, there are high mountains and a dense forest, with humid climate, excellent natural environment, and bio-diversity.It is a kingdom of plants and paradise of animals.
The major tourism attractions include the main peak of Niushi Mountain, Daixian double water falls, bamboo raft drifting on Taoxian Stream, rubber boat drifting on Shilong Stream, Tadou hot spring, Peach-flower Island, the relics of Fujian Provincial committee building.
9.Niumu Forest Ecological Sightseeing Zone As a National AAAA scenic spot and provincial natural reserve, it is located at Xiayang town, the west of Yongchun County, Quanzhou of Fujian Province.
Niumu forest is the extension of Daiyun Mountain with an attitude of 1,105 meters.It is the largest and best preserved primary forest at present in South China.The main sightseeing area in Niumu forest ecological zone covers 1,000 ha, consisting over 40 scenic spots.The most famous sites are the ecological and scientific popularization museum, orchid garden, Yongchun Tangerine orchard, Qingqian Liule Garden, Cuckoo Castle, board root, strangled killing, parasitic cauline flower, Fujian phoebe trees, yew, foliage, Woniutan, Zhonglidizhu, Konggulaifeng.The entertainment activities offered for tourists include cable sliding at high altitude, gra ski fashion, mock hunting, standard shooting, archery, and jungle field operation.
10.Anxi Qingshui Crag
As National AAAA scenic spot and provincial-level culture relics, it is a tourist attraction and religious shrine, located on Penglai Mountain, 15 km northwest from the Anxi County suburb, the hometown of the Iron Buddha Tea.Covering a total area of 11.1 km2 with the peak reaching the altitude of 767 meters, it consists of the temple and pilgrimage zone, Qiyu (praying for rain) ecological zone, Qinshan Recreation zone and memorial zone.With convenience of transportation, it is about 70 km from Quanzhou, 100 km from Xiamen and 120 km from Zhangzhou.The existing temple was built after 1966 and Qingshui Crag is the burial place of Qingshui master monk, a famous monk in Song Dynasty.There is a belief of Qingshui master monk has a wide influence in the Southern Fujian province, Taiwan and Southeast Asian countries.In Taiwan alone, there are over 200 temples named Qingshui Crag.
Quanzhou Delicacies and Specialities
1.Quanzhou Glutinous Rice Dumpling of Meat Stuffing
The glutinous rice dumplings of meat stuffing are made in a dainty procedure.The ingredients are mainly glutinous rice, together with half-fat pork and other ingredients, such as taro, chestnut, bran shrimp, lotus seed, chicken, ham and bamboo shoots.
2.Quanzhou Yuanhetang Preserved Fruits and Vegetables
Quanzhou Yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables are traditional foods, made from different varieties of fruit and vegetables.They enjoy a great reputation all over the world for their sweet and pleasant taste.“Yuanhetang” is a 80-year-old firm proceing preserved fruits and vegetables.Having the function of nourishing the stomach and spleen; promoting appetite, Yuanhetang products are regarded as the best selection for entertaining guests while drinking tea.Overseas Chinese originally from the Southern Fujian Province like to take Yuanhetang preserved fruits and vegetables back to their residential country while people in China like to choose “Yuanhetang” products as souvenirs for their overseas relatives and friends.
3.Anxi Tie Kuan-yin Tea
Anxi Iron Kuanyin Tea also known as heart Kuanyin tea and red shape Kuanyin tea.It is the top quality Wulong Tea, the famous tea produced in Fujian Province.The iron Kuanyin tea produced in Anxi County, Quanzhou Municipality contains a number of biological alkaline, vitamins and tannin, protein and aromatic oil.It has the special function of easing anxiety, improving eyesight, preventing arteriosclerosis and cancer, extending youth and mitigating radiation.
4.Quanzhou Puppet Head
Quanzhou puppets have a complete image in structure.The figures are widely selected from the figures and roles in the folk operas and legends, roughly divided into 5 major types: Sheng (male), Dan (young female), Jing (painted face, male), Mo (middle aged male), Chou (clown, male or female).There are over 300 puppet masks, which display beautiful shapes, vivid drawings, clear characters, unique artistic styles and local images.
5.Hui-an Granite Sculpture
Hui-an granite sculpture is a folk carving craftwork, made from top quality granite (shining-green rock) and carved finely into different sizes of delicate handicrafts, such as round carving, floating carving, line carving, and shadow carving.The granite sculptures produced in Hui-an can be either large as the size which should be lifted and installed by cranes or can be small as the size which can float on the surface of the water.They are beautiful in shape, fine in workmanship, unique in artistic style and strong in local characteristics.Hui-an granite sculpture has a history of 1600 years, well-known as the “home of granite sculptures”.
6.Hui-an Bear Gall
Fujian Guizhentang Pharmacy Development Co.Ltd utilizes the rich resource of bear gall from Qianshan Group and has developed Qianshan brand bear gall products, such as bear gall powder, bear gall health tea and bear gall capsules.The company uses the extracted substances from bear galls with other valuable Chinese herb medicine to develop different varieties of new medicines.Bear galls are bitter in taste and cold in nature, having the function of clearing the heat, relieving spasm, improving eye-sight, and killing worms.According to the Chinese medicine, bear gall is effective in curing red eye disease, sore throat, infantile convulsion of children, indigestion and pain caused by worms.
7.Laofanzhi Panacea Leaven
Laofanzhi Panacea Leaven is a proceed traditional Chinese medicine, which is a light grey coloured block in aromatic smell and slightly sweet taste.Having the functioned in adjusting the stomach, nourishing the spleen, expelling wind-evil, settling indigestion, and promoting appetite, resolving wetne, it can be applied to treat flue and cold, heat exhaustion in summer, stomach-ache caused by indigestion and vomiting and diarrhoea.
8.Quanzhou Rice sculpture
“Zhauggaoren (rice figure)” is made of ground rice (glutinous rice), wheat flour and pigment.The skill of making the rice figures mainly relies on the dexterous fingers.The tools needed are also simple: small sciors, fine comb, gold paper, feathers, bamboo strap and iron thread.The figures made from the dough are generally taken from the stories in four famous major Chinese works, such as “The master travels to the west with his apprentice to obtain scriptures”, “Three brothers in the Peach Orchard”, “Twelve Golden hairpins” and “Wusong kills tiger”.The figures are vivid.After they are made, it takes several days for them to dry under the sunlight, and then paint with a coat of oil to make them shine and to preserve them for a long time.
9.Quanzhou Folk Colour cotta
Quanzhou Folk Colour Cottas are made from paper as figures of ancient operas.The work of making colour cotta is divided into standing work and sitting work.The standing work generally refers to making large scale works, such as “Giant Mountain” “Lingcuo” and “Colour Building while sitting work refers to making fine works, including famous figures, birds and animals.In modern colour cotta techniques, the material is earth, wax, plastics, cloth and silk to enhance the expreive force.The folk colour cotta in Quanzhou has a broad influence in China and overseas.The works of “56 ethnic groups”, “Hui-an maidens”, “Maidens form tea producing area”, “Girls from Fishermen Family”, “Lady of Southern Music” designed by Quanzhou JIngxiu Firm have won excellence prizes on the First China Tourism Souvenir competition, and the prize of the best commodity on the First Fujian Provincial Tourism Fair.
10.Yongchun Painted Bamboo Baskets
Yonghcun painted bamboo baskets are unique traditional handicrafts produced locally.They are made from over 20 raw materials, including gold foil, fine bamboo skin, raw paint, Chinese wood oil, Xiabu, dongfen through over 30 procedures of moulding, boiling, lining, and painting for over two months.There are over 100 varieties of products including flat baskets, patterned baskets and full baskets, shaped in round, ridged, hexagon, oval, as well as fruit boxes and painted plates.
11Yogchun Paper Woven Picture
Yongchun paper woven pictures are a special traditional handicraft, initiated at the end of Sui Dynasty and the beginning of Tang Dynasty, with a history of over 1400 years.The pictures have been sent to over 40 countries for exhibition, presented to the foreign friends as souvenirs, and have become the “friendship envoy” for the promotion of the diplomatic ties.Yongchun County has been granted by the Ministry of Culture the title “Home of China Paper Woven Pictures” and listed for the protection under the “Folk Art Protection Project”.
12.Dehua Ceramics
Dehua ceramics is the traditional craftwork.It was started in the Tang Dynasty, developed in Song and Yuan Dynasty and made a breakthrough in Ming Dynasty.The white ceramics produced in Dehua have the reputation of being “white as snow, thin as paper, smooth as jade”.Dehua ceramics is famous especially for its statue of Kuanyin which was made by the senior master He Chaosong and named “Helai Kuan” after his name.The “Ivory White” ceramic statue developed by him is a valuable object unparallel in the world, known as the “crown jewel in the international ceramic sector”.
Quanzhou Folk Culture
1.Quanzhou Ceramic culture
“Dehua has many beautiful ceramics”, is how the Italian traveller Marko Polo described Dehua.Porcelain manufacture has a long history in Dehua.Well-known both in China and overseas for its top quality, fine workmanship, the porcelain industry in Dehua is regarded as one of the three major porcelain capitals in China, together with Jingde town of Jiangxi Province and Lilin of Hunan Province.In Ming Dynasty, the “Ivory White” ceramics developed by the great master He Chaozong surprised the world and was named “China White” by the westerners.People describe Dehua top white porcelain as “white as snow, thin as paper, bright as mirror” and describe Dehua Jianbai porcelain as “smooth and transparent as condensed lipid and frozen jade”.The porcelain Kuanyin made in Dehua is called “Oriental Venus”.
2.Culture of Hui-an women costumes
The costume culture of Hui-an women dates back into the ancient China.They wore a yellow scarf, a blue short blouse, silver chain and large trousers, which are unique in the national costume culture.The blue short blouse displays the colour of sea and sky, the yellow bamboo hats symbol the land and beach; the flowery scarf indicates the movement of mountain flowers and sea waves.The blouses are tight and short, exposing the navel, displays their characters of being bold, flexible, but extravert.
The costume of Hui-an women is always focused on the body above the waist, especially on the head decoration which differs in patterns, occasions and ages.When Hui-an women attend weddings or ceremonies, the head decoration should be bright and colourful to display the “happine”.The old women of Hui-an usually have a bob on the back of the head and wear a black scarf with pins decorated with beads and flowers, which displays a unique style.
4.Quanzhou Opera Culture
Dacheng Play
Dacheng play is also named Fashi Play, Monk Play, Douist play and originated from the religion and folk activities in Quanzhou.Formed by combining Buddhist and Taoist activities, it is a religious play, rarely seen in China.The play provides religious services for both Buddhism and Taoism.Dacheng Play was born in Quanzhou and nourished by Quanzhou folk arts, and is especially deeply influenced by thread controlled puppet plays.After emerging as a new play, it has displayed its uniquene in Southern Fujian folk operas due to its super Kongfu and technique.
Dacheng play is known for its kongfu which applies Quanzhou South Shaolin boxing.The opera has preserved lots of folk stunts, acrobatics and dances.By adopting Taoist and Buddhist music, and “Puppet melody” of thread controlled puppets, the music of the opera displays a unique religious charm.
Liyuan Opera
Quanzhou Liyuan opera is a rare and valuable opera in China, because it still preserves the characteristics of Southern opera from Tang and Song Dynasties.Originating in Quanzhou, it has spread to Taiwan and the Southeast Asian Countries in the footsteps of the emigrants from Quanzhou.Having preserved a large repertoire of southern opera from Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Liyuan opera has been called the “living foil” of opera and is one of the oldest operas existing in China.
Liyuan opera is sung by Quan melody.It has preserved a lot of important music from Tang Dynasty and Song Dynasty and is closely related with the ancient music -- Southern Tone.The music of Liyuan opera is mainly played by the bamboo flute and string music instruments.
Nanyin (Southern Tone)
Nanyin (Southern tone) is an old and beautiful music and is called the “root of the Chinese national music”.Quanzhou is the cradle of the Southern tone.It has become very popular, after it was enriched, matured and optimized by absorbing the strengths from Central China culture, Fujian culture and maritime culture.Embedded in Quanzhou, Southern tone has not only extended to Southern Fujian Province where Southern Fujian dialect is spoken, but also spread to the Southeast Asian countries, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.By paing from one generation to another, it has become increasingly popular as a “home tone” full of strong paion for the loving the hometown and the motherland.Many Chinese and foreign scholars have complimented Quanzhou southern tone as the “treasure in the Chinese claic music”.
第五篇：北京故宫英文导游词
Ladies and gentlemen:
The Palace Museum is located in the center of Beijing.
It is also known as the Forbidden City in the old days.
Actually it was the imperial palace for the emperors and served as both living quarters and the venue of the state administration in the Ming and Qing dynasties.
Its name, on the one hand, comes from ancient Chinese astronomers' belief that God's abode or the Purple Palace, the pivot of the celestial world, is located in the Pole Star, at the center of the heavens .
Hence, as the Son of God, the emperor should live in the Purple City.
On the other hand, except for palace maids, eunuchs and guards, ordinary the Forbidden City and the Purple City.
It took 14 years to complete the magnificent palace.
Construction began in 1406 and finished in 1420.
The following year, in 1421 the capital of the Ming Dynasty was moved from Nanjing to Beijing.
Starting from the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty Zhu Di to the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty Pu Yi, altogether 24 emperors lived here for a total of 491 years.
14 of then were Ming emperors and 10 were Qing emperors.
The Forbidden City covers an area of 72 hectares with a total floor space of about 163,000 square meters.
It is rectangular in shape, 960 meters long from north to south and 750 meters wide from east to west with a10-meter high city wall surrounded and encircled by a 52 meter-wide moat.
At each corner of the surrounding wall, there is a magnificent watchtower which was heavily guarded in the old days.
The Forbidden City now consists of more than 90 palaces and courtyards, 980 buildings with rooms of 8,704.
Most of the structures in the Forbidden City were made of wood with white marble, stone or brick foundations.
The building materials were from parts of our country.
The timber came from Sichuan, Guizhou, Guandxi, Hunan and Yunnan provinces in southwest China.
But in the Qing Dynasty, the timbers were transported from northeast China.
Other construction materials, including brick, stone and lime, were used by both Dynasties.
The golden bricks that paved the halls were manufactured in Suzhou, refined bricks used to build the foundation of halls were made in Linqing, and lime came from Yizhou.
White marble was provided regularly by Fangshan County and glazed tiles by Sanjiadian.
The Forbidden City can be divided into two parts: the Outer Court and the Inner Palace.
The Outer Court consists of three main buildings where the emperors attended the grand of rear three main buildings and the six eastern palaces and six western palaces where the emperor used to handle daily affairs and the living quarters for the emperor, empress and imperial concubines to live in.
The Forbidden City is the best-preserved imperial palace in China and the largest ancient palatial structure in the world.
In 1987 it was listed as the world cultural heritage by UNESCO.
The Meridian Gate is the main entrance to the Forbidden City.
It is called Meridian Gate because the emperor believed that the meridian line went right through the Forbidden City and his imperial residence was the center of the whole universe.
It is 35.6meters high with five towers on the top, so it is also nicknames as the “Five-Phoenix Tower.”
The Meridian Gate was the place to announce the new lunar year calendar on the first day of 10th lunar month every year.
Lanterns would also be hung up on the Meridian Gate on the 15th day of the first lunar month during the Ming Dynasty, when all the officials would have a feast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens, when all the officials would have a fast in the Forbidden City and ordinary citizens would go to the Meridian Gate to look at the beautiful lanterns.
When a general returned from battle, the ceremony of “Accepting Captives of War” was held here.
The “Court Beating” also took place here.
The gate has five openings.
The central passageway was for the emperor exclusively.
But apart from the emperor, the empress could use the central passageway on the day of the imperial wedding ceremony.
However, after the palace examination, the first top three outstanding scholars were allowed to go through the central gate.
The high-ranking civil and military officials went in through the side gate on the east.
The two smaller ones on both sides at the corner were for the lowranking officials.
During the Palace Examination all the candidates went in from these two side-gates according to the odd number or even number.
第六篇：北京天坛导游词导游词
中国北京.天 坛 ——英文导游辞
(Inside the South Gate of the Temple of Heaven)
Ladies and Gentlemen:
Welcome to the Temple of Heaven.(After self-introduction) preserved cultural heritages of China.There are basically two kinds of visitors who come here: local pensioners who do exercises here in the morning and evening and sightseers both from home and abroad.All in all, there are 12 million visitors very year.Now we are going to go along the route that leads to the altar.It will take roughly one hour.Mind you, the emperor also walked along this route to pay tribute to the God of Heaven.
(Along the Southern Sacred Road leading to the Circular Mound Altar)
The largest group of architectures ever to be dedicated to Heaven, the Temple of Heaven served as an exclusive altar for Chinese monarchs during the Ming and Qing dynasties.It was decreed that rulers of succeive dynasties would place altars in their own capitals to worship Heaven and pray for good harvest.But why?
The ancient Chinese believed that Heaven was the supreme ruler of the universe and the fate of mankind, and thus worshiping rites dedicated to Heaven came into being.The Heaven the ancient Chinese referred to was actually the Universe, or nature.In those days, there were specific rites of worship.This was especially true during the Ming and Qing dynasties when elaborate ceremonies were held.
The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420 during the reign of Emperor Yongle of the Ming Dynasty.Situated in the southern part of the city, this grand set of structures covers an area of 273 hectares.To better symbolize heaven and earth, the northern part of the Temple is circular while the southern part is square .The whole compound is enclosed by two walls, a square wall outside a round one.The outer area is characterized by suburban scenery, while the inner part is used for sacrifices.The inner enclosure consists of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest and the Circular Mound Altar.
(Along the Imperial Paage leading from the Southern Lattice Star Gate in front of the Circular Mound Altar)
The Circular Mound Altar is enclosed by two walls, each containing four groups of Southern Lattice Star Gate, each in turn consisting of three doors, with 24 marble doors altogether.Standing on the paage facing north, you will notice that with each pair of doors on is narrower than the other.This reflects the feudal hierarchy: the wider door was reserved for monarchs, while the narrower one was used by courtiers.
1 On the day of the ceremony, the emperor would don his ritual costume and be ushered in by the official in charge of religious affairs.He ascended the three terraces in the forefront to pay tribute at the altar.
(Atop the Circular Mound Alter)
We are now on the top terrace of the Altar, or the third terrace.Each terrace has a flight of 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 steps.At the center of this terrace lies a round stone surrounded by 9 concentric rings of stone.The number of stones in the first ring is 9, in the second, 18, up to 81 in the 9th ring.Even the number of carved balustrades on these terraces is a multiple of 9.But why?
According to ancient Chinese philosophy, yin and yang were two opposing factors.Heaven and the odd numbers belonged to yang while the Earth and even numbers belonged to yin.Nine was the largest heavenly number acceible to man.What is more, the ancient people also believed that heaven consisted of nine layers and that the emperor` s abode was on the uppermost tier.
Once more look at the round stone in the center.The upper terrace is nine zhang (a Chinese unit of length, one zhang equals 3.3 meters) in circumference, while the middle is 15 zhang, the lower, 21 zhang.Claified as yang numbers, the sum of these numerals is 45 zhang which was meant to symbolized succe.What is more, by applying the concept of odd numbers and strengthening nine and its multiples, the concept of heaven was thus illustrated and realized.The concept of nine will also be mentioned when we visit some other buildings.
Now I will give you a brief account of what happened here annually on the Inter Solstice.The memorial tablet dedicated to Heaven would be set up on the north side of the terrace; while tablets dedicated to the emperor `s ancestors would be enshrined on the flanks.The service would begin around 4 o` clock in the morning.All of the lanterns would be lit .In the foreground, a sacrificial calf is being barbecued.On the square in front of the altar, the emperor, under heavy escort of nearly a thousand courtiers, princes of royal blood, musicians, dancers and uniformed soldiers, would slowly ascend the altar to offer sacrifice and pray in honor of Heaven.When the service drew to a close, the sacrifice offered in front of the memorial tablets would be incinerated .All of participants would watch the thick smoke rise upward as if they were seeing God off .Music and dancing would follow .In the end, the emperor would return to the Forbidden City secure in the belief that he would be bleed and protected by Heaven until the next winter Solstice.It is interesting to note that, the stone in the very middle of the altar was of major importance, since it was where the emperor used to stand to say his prayer.The stone, which is known as the God’s heart Stone, is peculiar in that it is characterized by a specific acoustic phenomenon: it made the emperor` s voice clearer and louder, thus adding to the mystic atmosphere of the service .You can try this out by yourself.(Proceed northward to pa through the Lattice Star Gate)
(In front of the Gate of glazed tiles)
this structure is known as Heaven` s Storehouse.It is entered through the Gate of glazed Tiles.The
2 roofing, beams, and brackets are all made of glazed tiles or bricks.This is the only structure of its kind in China today.
the Heaven` s Storehouse was where memorial tablets dedicated to the gods were kept.Douglas Hurd, a former British foreign secretary, once said, “God attends to His affairs on the Circular Mound Altar but stays here.” Now let` s go in to see it (Go through the left side door)
(In the courtyard of Heaven` s Storehouse)
this is the Imperial Vault of Heaven, the main structure of Heaven` s Storehouse.It was built in 1530 and is 17 meters in height and 19 meters in diameter.The structure feature blue roofs topped by a gilded ball, and carved wooden doors and windows.It is decorated with colored paintings.Founded on a 3-meter-hign round marble terrace, the building also features a gigantic carved marble ramp laid in the stone staircase leading up to the front entrance.The ramp is carved in “Two dragons Playing with a pearl” design in relief.We will enter the main hall by going up the stone staircase on the eastern side.
(On the marble terrace of the main hall)
The arch of the hall is buttreed by 16 giant pillars on two rings.On top of the pillars there are gilt brackets supporting a circular caion, or covered ceiling .The ceiling is characterized by a golden coiling dragon design.The 8 pillar of the inner ring are painted scarlet and decorated with golden lotuses.
To the north of the hall there is a marble pedestal.Atop it, up a wooden flight of 9 steps, is where the major tablet dedicate to Heaven was enshrined.On each flank four tablets are enshrined in honor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex hall in hornor of the ancestors of the Qing emperors.In the annex halls in the courtyard, there are tablets dedicated to the deities of the sun, moon, constellation, cloud, rain, wind and thunder.
(Echo Wall and Triple –sound Stones)
Aside from exquisitely laid out architectures, Heaven` s Storehouse is also famous for two structures with peculiar acoustic features, i.e.the Echo Wall and the Triple- Sound Stone.A mere whisper at any point close to the wall can be heard clearly on the other side, although the parties may be 40 or 50 meters apart.This is poible because the wall is round and hermetically constructed with smooth, solid bricks.
In front of the steps leading away from the halls is the Triple Sound Stone.If you stand on the first stone and call out or clap your hands, the sound will echo once; on the second stone, the sound will be heard twice; and on the third stone, the sound will repeat three times.Hence the name.(Go out through the right door and stroll along the circular path northward)
(Nine-Dragon Cypre)
3
the Temple of Heaven is also famous for its cypre trees-there are more than 60,000 cypre trees in all ,among which over 4,000 are more than one hundred years old ,adding to the solemn atmosphere of the temple .This tall cypre was planted more than 500 years ago.Its thick branches and twisting trunk resembling nine coiling playful dragons; thus it is known as the Nine-Dragon cypre.It is said that this tree was here to welcome the monarchs.Now it is here to welcome visitor from all over the world.
(In the south of Chengzhen Gate)
Now we are back again on the Central Axis.This brick-arched gate is known as Chengzhen (Adopting Fidelity) .This gate is the northern gate of the Circular Mound Altar and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest.The Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest is situated at the extreme end of the axis.It was used by the emperor in the first month of every lunar year for services dedicated to good harvest.
(On the Red Stairway Bridge)
Entering the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, we set foot on a raised paage 360 meters long, which the emperor also took to proceed to the hall.This broad north-south walkway, called Danbiqiao (Red Stairway bridge), connects the two sets of main building in the Temple of Heaven and constitutes a single axis.
The paage is divided into left, control and right paths by the cro arrangement of slabs.The central and widest path is known as Heavenly Thoroughfare, which was reserved exclusively for God; nobody, including the emperor, was allowed to set foot onto it.The emperor used the path on the east, which is known as the Imperial Walk.The ministers and princes used the one on the west .Interesting enough, there is no walkway left for ordinary people.This is because the Temple of Heaven used to be off-limits to them.
Contrary to appearances, this walkway is not a bridge at all.But how so? This road is 4 meters above the ground and there is a cavern underneath that was reserved for sacrificial oxen and sheep.The cattle were slaughtered at a slaughterhouse about 500 meters away and brought here for sacrifice.All in all, it can be said this walkway did serve as bridge and can be looked upon as the first cloverleaf in Beijing.
Looking back at the thoroughfare, you may realize that this walk is gaining height toward its northern end.As people approach the architectural group of the Hall of Prayer for good Harvest, the flanking groves of cypre recede and perspective widens.Here you are in Heaven.
(Costume-Changing Terrace)
The marble terrace up ahead is called jufutai, or Costume Changing Terrace.It is located to the
4 east of the Red Stairway Bridge and covers a space of 25 square meters .IT has marble Slab balustrades.The day before the service, officials in charge would put up a yellow satin tent on the terrace for the emperor to change out of his yellow dragon robe into blue ceremonial clothes.After the service, the emperor would return to the tent and change back into his imperial robe before returning to the palace.(Proceed to the South Gate of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
(At the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest)
This structure is called the Gate of Pray for Good Harvest.We can catch a slight glimpse of the central building, the Hall of Prayer for Good harvest, though the colonnade of the Gate.A gigantic and lofty group of buildings, the complex includes the Gate of Prayer for Good Harvest, the hall of prayer for good harvest, eastern and western annex halls, the Huanqian (Imperial heaven) Long corridor, Heaven Kitchen, slaughterhouse, etc.The annex halls were symmetrically built on a 1.5-meter-hignbrick-and-marble terrace, to set off the loftine and magnificence of the main hall .This unique building, 38 meters in height, is characterized by a cone-shaped structure with triple eaves and a top that is crowned by a gilt ball.The roofing is made of blue glazed tiles, the color of the sky .Underneath the roof, the beams and bracket are decorated with colored paintings.The base of the structure is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace.At a distance, the terrace looks like a gigantic, spiraling cloud with the structure perched on top of it.
Today the hall of prayer for good harvest is the hallmark of Beijing, which enjoys a prolonged history of civilization.
(At the base of the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest)
The base of the hall is a triple-tiered, circular marble terrace, which is 90 meters in diameter and 6 meters in height, covering a space of 4,000 square meters.Meticulous accuracy was given to the layout of the structure.In the middle of each three-tiered flight of stairs, there is a giant marble ramp carved in cloud, dragon and phoenix designs.To set off the ramps, the top of the balustrades and down pipes are designed with corresponding floral scrolls.In southern part of each tier, a gigantic bronze incense burner is placed.Sandalwood was burnt in them when rites were observed.
(In front of the hall of Prayer for good harvest)
Climbing up this marble terrace, we see the main hall, a masterpiece of ancient China.Looking up you will see the caion, or covered ceiling, characterized by complex designs of dragons and phoenixes.In and out, the hall is decorated with colored drawing of dragons and phoenixes.
Without the use of steel, cement and nail, and even without the use of big beams and crobeams, the entire structure is supported by 28 maive wooden pillars and number of bars, laths, joints and rafters.The four central pillars, called the dragon-Well Pillars, are 19.2 meters high and painted with designs of composite followers, representing the four seasons.There are two rings of 12
5 scarlet pillars each.The inner ring represents the 12 months and the outer rings the 12 divisions of the day and night .Between the two rings there are 24 partitioned spaces to mark the solar terms of the Chinese lunar year.
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