历年不同地方的英文导游词欢迎词(大全)_导游词

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第一篇：英文导游词欢迎词

Tian’anmen(theGateofHeavenlyPeace),islocatedinthecenterofBeijing.Itwasfirstbuiltin1417andnamedChengtianmen(theGateofHeavenlySuccession).AttheendoftheMingDynasty,itwasseriouslydamagedbywar.WhenitwasrebuiltundertheQingin1651,itwasrenamedTian’anmen,andservedasthemainentrancetotheImperialCity,theadministrativeandresidentialquartersforcourtofficialsandretainers.ThesouthernsectionsoftheImperialCitywallstillstandonbothsidesoftheGate.Thetoweratthetopofthegateisnine-roomwideandfive–roomdeep.AccordingtotheBookofChanges,thetwonumbersnineandfive,whencombined,symbolizethesupremestatusofasovereign.

DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,Tian’anmenwastheplacewherestateceremoniestookplace.Themostimportantoneofthemwastheissuingofimperialedicts,whichfollowedthesesteps:

1)TheMinisterofRiteswouldreceivetheedictinTaihedian(HallofSupremeHarmony),wheretheEmperorwasholdinghiscourt.Theministerwouldthencarrythedecreeonayunpan(trayofcloud),andwithdrawfromthehallviaTaihemen(GateofsupremeHarmony)

2)TheMinisterwouldputthetrayinaminiaturelongting(dragonpavilion).BeneathayellowumbrellaandcarryitviaWumen(MeridianGate),toTian’anmenGatetower.

3)Acourtierwouldbeinvestedtoproclaimtheedict.Thecivilandmilitaryofficialsliningbothsidesofthegatewaybeneaththetowerwouldprostratethemselvesinthedirectionoftheemperorinwaitingforthedecreetotheproclaimed.

4)Thecourtierwouldthenputtheedictinaphoenix-shapedwoodenboxandloweritfromthetowerbymeansofasilkcord.ThedocumentwouldfinallybecarriedinasimilartrayofcloudunderayellowumbrellatotheMinistryofRites.

5)Theedict,copiedonyellowpaper,wouldbemadeknowntothewholecountry.

Suchaprocesswashistoricallyrecordedas“ImperialEdictIssuedbyGoldenPhoenix”.

DuringtheMingandQingdynastiesTian’anmenwasthemostimportantpassage.ItwasthisgatethattheEmperorandhisretinuewouldgothroughontheirwaytothealtarsforritualandreligiousactivities.

OntheWestsideofTian’anmenstandsZhongshanPark(Dr.SunYat-sen’sPark),andontheeastside,theWorkingPeople’sCulturalPalave.TheParkwasformerlycalledShejitan(AltarofLandandGrain),builtin1420forofferingsacrificialitemstotheGodofLand.Itwasopenedtothepublicasaparkin1914anditsnamewaschangedin1928tothepresentoneinmemoryofthegreatpioneeroftheChineseDemocraticRevolution.

TheWorkingPeople’sCulturalPalaceusedtobeTaimiao(theSupremeAncestralTemple),wheretabletsofthedeceaseddynasticrulerswerekept.

ThestreaminfrontofTian’anmeniscalledWaijinshuihe(OuterGoldenRiver),withsevenmarblebridgesspanningoverit.Ofthesesevenbridges,historicalrecordssaythemiddleonewasfortheexclusiveuseoftheemperorandwasaccordinglycalledYuluqiao(ImperialBridge).ThebridgesflankingitoneithersideweremeantforthemembersoftheroyalfamilyandwerethereforecalledWanggongqiao(Royal’sBridges).FartherawayoneachsideofthetwowerebridgesforofficialsrankingabovethethirdorderandwerenamedPinjiqiao(ministerialBridges).TheremainingtwobridgeswerefortheusebytheretinuebelowthethirdorderandwrecalledGongshengqiao(commonBridges).TheyanrtheoneinfrontoftheSupremeAncestralTempletotheeastandtheoneinfrontoftheAltaroflandandGraintothewest.

ThetwostonelionsbytheGateofTian’anmen,oneoneachsideweremeantassentries.Theygazetowardthemiddleaxis,guardingtheemperor’swalkway.InfrontofthegatestandsapairofmarblecolumnscalledHuabiao.Theyareelaboratelycutinbas-relieffollowingthepatternofalegendarydragon.Behindthegatestandsanotherpairofsimilarcolumns.ThestoryofHuabiaomaybetracedtoacoupleofsources.OneoftheversionsaccreditsitsinventiontooneoftheChinesesagekingsnamedYao,whowassaidtohavesetupawoodenpillarinordertoallowtheordinarypeopletoexposeevil-doers,henceitwasoriginallycalledaslanderpillar.Lateritwsreducedtoasignpost,andnowitservesasanornament.

Thebeastsittingonthetopofthecolumniscalled”hou”,alegendaryanimal,whichissaidtohavebeenawatcherofanemperor’sbehaviour.Hewasdoingsuchdutiesaswarningtheemperoragainststayingtoolongoutsidethepalaceorindulginginpleasureandurginghimtogotothepeoplefortheircomplaintsorreturninduetime.Therefore,thetwopairsofbeastsweregiventhenames”Wangjunhui”(Expectingtheemperor’scomingback)and“wangjunchu”(Expectingtheemperor’sgoingout)respectinvely.

Intheolddays,Tian’anmen,asapartoftheImperialCity,wasmeantforimportantoccasions.Thetworowsofchaofang(antechamber),onthesidesbehindthemaingate,wrereservedforcivilandmilitarymembersofthegovernmentwaitingforimperialaudienceandinfrontofthegate,wereofficesofimperialadministration.

OnOctober1,1949,chairmanMaoZedongproclaimedonTian’anmenRostrumthefoundingofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.SincethenTian’anmenhasbeenthesymbolofNewChinea.ChairmanMao’sportraitishungabovethecentralentrance,flankedbytwoslogans:”LongLivetheGreatUnityofthePeoplesoftheWorld”.Today,thesplendourofTian’anmenattractsmillionofvisitorsfromallovertheworld.TheRostrumonitstopwasopenedin1988tothepublicforthefirsttimeinitshistory.ItoffersapanoramicviewoftheSquareandthecityproper.

SituatedduesouthofTian’anmen,theSquarehasanareaof44hectares(109acres)thatcanaccommodateasmanyasonemillionpeopleforpublicgatherings.IthaswitnessedmayhistoricaleventsinChina’smodernhistoryandisaplaceforcelebrationsonsuchfestivedaysasinternationalLabourDayonMay1standnationalDayonOctober1st.

AroundtheSquareareseveralfamousbuildings:

1TheGreatHallofthePeople

Thisisoneofthelargestcongressionalbuildingsintheworld.Builtin1959,thehallconsistsofthreeparts:a10,000-seatauditoriuminthecenter,abanquethallinthenorthwingfacingChang’anStreet,withaseatingcapacityof5,000,andofficesfortheStandingCommitteeoftheNationalPeoples’CongressofChinainthesouth.Inaddition,thirty-fourreceptionchambersarenamedaftervariousprovinces,autonomousregionsandmunicipalitiesdirectlyundetheCentralGovernment,plusHongKongandMacao.Eachisdifferentfromtheotherindecorationandfurnishingstostresstheirlocalfeatures.

2TheMuseumofChineseHistoryandtheMuseumoftheChineseRevolution

Thesetwomuseumswerealsobuiltin1959.themuseumofChineseHistoryhousesapermanentexhibitioninfourparts,coveringtheentireprocessofChinesehistoryspanningfrom1.7millionyearsagoto1919:

1)ThePrimitiveSociety(1.7millionyearsagotothe21stcenturyBC);

2)TheSlaveSociety(21stcenturyBCto476BC.);

3)TheFeudalSociety(475BC.To1840AD.);

4)TheSemi-ColonialandSemi-FedualSociety(1840to1919.)

TheMuseumoftheChineseRevolutioncoverstheperiodfrom1919to1949.

3TheMonumenttothePeople’sHeroes

themonumentwasbuiltinmemoryofthousandsofmartyrswhodiedfortherevolutionarycauseoftheChinesepeople.ItsconstructionbeganonAugust1,1952andwasnotcompleteduntil1958.intheformofanobelisk,theMonumentasmadeofmorethan17,000piecesoftraniteandwhitemarble.ThepurplepieceinlaidinthefrontoftheMonumentwasbroughtfromQingdao,ShandongProvince.Itis38meters(124ft8in)high,theloftiestofitskindeverseeninthecountry.Notonlyisitanhistoricmemorialforimmortalheroes,butalsoitisanartisticworkofexcellentarchitecturalvalue.

OnthefrontsideoftheMonumentisanengravedinsc-riptioninChinesecharacterswrittenbyChairmanMaoZedong,whichreads”EternalGlorytothePeople’sHeroes!”.OnthebackoftheMonumentisanarticlewrittenbyChairmanMao,butinChinesecalligraphybythelatePremierZhouEnlai.

AtthetopoftheMonumentareeightgiganticcarvedwreathesofsuchflowersaspeony,lotusandchrysanthemum,symbolizingnobility,purity,andfortitude.AtthebaseofthemonumentareeightmarblereliefsdepictingtheChinesehistoriceventssince1840.Theyare:

1)TheBurningofOpiumin1840:

2)Theuprisingof1851inJintian,Guangxi;

3)TheRevolutionof1911;

4)TheMayFourthMovementof1919;

5)TheMay30thMovementof1925;

6)TheUprisingof1927inNanchang,Jiangxi;

7)TheWarofResistanceagainstJapaneseAggressionfrom1937to1945;

8)TheVictoriousCrossingovertheYangtzeRiverbythePeoples’sLiberationArmyin1949.Thisreliefisflankedbytwosmallerones—“SupplyingtheFront”and“GreetingtheP.L.A.”.

4ChairmanMao’sMausoleum

ChairmanMaoZedong,thefounderofthePeople’sPepublicofChina,passedawayonSepember9,1976.Incommemorationofthisgreatman,amausoleumbegantobeconstructedinNovember1976,andwascompletesinAugustthefollowingyear.TheMausoleumwasofficiallyopenedonSeptember9,1977.

Themausoleumissurroundedbyfourgroupsofsculpture.EastofthenorthernentranceisthesculpturedepictingtheperiodoftheNewDemocraticRevolution(1919-1949),andwestofitistheonesignifyingthegreatachievementsoftheChinesepeopleduringtheperiodofslcialistrevolutionandconstructionsince1949.Thesculpturesinfrontofthesoutherngatearefiguresofworkers,peasantssoldiers,intellectuals,techniciansandchildren.

InsidetheMausoleumarethreemainsections:AwhitemarblestatueofChairmanMaoismountedonaplatforminthefrontlobby.Onthewallbehindthestatueisa24-metre-long(79-foot-long)tapestry,afineneedlepointworkwithbeautifullandscapesofthecountry.

Inthemainhallthereisacrystalcoffin,inwhichChairmanMao’sbodyliesstatelywiththeCommunistParty’sflagcoveringoverhim.

Onthewallofthesouthernlobby,apoembyChairmanMaoandinhisowncalligraphyisinscribedingoldinlay.Itexpresseshisfullgreatexpectationsforthecountry.

Tian’anmenSquarehasnowcompleteditsrenovationaftereightmonths’hardworktowelcomethe50thanniversaryofthePeople’sRepublicin1999.

第二篇：英文导游欢迎词

Goodxxx,ladiesandgentlemen.

WelcometoCHINA,WelcometoSHENZHEN

Pleasesitbackandrelax,Yourluggagewillbesenttothehotelbyanotherbus,soyoudonothavetoworryaboutit.

Letmeintroducemyteamfirst.Mrxisourdriver,Hehas20yearsofdrivingunderhisbelt,soweareinverysafehands.IalwayscallmyEnglishnameisxxx,myChinesenameisxxxx,youmaycallmexxxxorMrxx,whichismyfamilyname.wearefromSHENZHENOVERSEASINTERNATIONALTRAVESERVICE,Onbehalfofxxxandmycolleagues,I’dliketoextendawarmwelcometoyouall.

Duringyourstayinourcity,Iwillbeyoulocalguide,Iwilldoeverythingpossibletomakeyourvisitapleasantexperience.Ifyouhaveanyproblemsorrequests,Plsdonothesitatetoletmeknow.

youaregoingtostayattheCrownplazahotel,aluxurious,fivestarhotel,AlthouththehotelisnotexactlyindowntownSHENZHEN,itisstrategicallylocatedwitheasyaccesstomanytouristattractions.Asyouwillbestayinginourcityfortwodays,youwilldowelltorememberthenumberofourbusandmyPhoneNO.,thebusNO.isxxx,myphoneNO.isxxxx.letmerepeat....

ThereisonethingImustwarnyouagainst,Youmustnotdrinkantapwaterinthehotel,becauseunboiledwatermightmakeyouill.

Idohopeyouwillenjoyyourtimeinourcity.

第三篇：英语导游欢迎词

英语导游欢迎词范文

篇一：

Goodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.【称呼语】

WelcometoSuzhou.【表示欢迎】

Pleasesitdownandrelax.Yourluggagewillbesenttothehotelbyanotherbus,soyoudon'thavetoworryaboutit.【稳定游客情绪】

Letmeintroducemyteamfirst.Mr.Zhangisourdriver.Hehas25yearsofdriving.MynameisGaoXiaoming,yourtourguide,youmayjustcallmeMissGao,whichismysurname.We'refromtheChinaInternationalTravelService(CITS),SuzhouBranch.OnbehalfofCITSSuzhouandmycolleagues,I'dliketowelcometoyouall.【略作介绍，再表欢迎】

Duringyourstayinourcity,we'lldoeverythingpossibletomakeyourvisitahappyexperience.Ifyouhaveanyproblemsorrequests,pleasedon'thesitatetoletmeknow.【提出建议】

You'regoingtostayatSuzhouHotel,aluxurious,five-starhotel.Thehotelisindowntown,itiseasyaccesstomanyplacesofinterestsinSuzhou.Andyou'llbestayingourcityfortwoandahalfdays.【提醒入住地点和时间】

ThereisonethingImustwarnyouagainst.Youmustrememberthenumberofourbus.Thenumberis84645555.letmerepeat:84645555.【提醒游巴电话】

Ihopeyou'llenjoyyourstayinourcity!【祝福语】

篇二：

Goodmorning/afternoon/evening,ladiesandgentlemen.

It’smypleasuretohavefriendsfromafar.WelcometoConfuciushometown―ShandongProvince.Pleasesitbackandrelax.Yourluggagewillbesenttothehotelbyanotherbus,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutit.

Letmeintroducemyteamfirst.Mr.Wangisourdriver.Hehas20yearsofdrivingunderhisbelt,soyou’reinverysafehands.Miss.Li,arecentcollegegraduate,isatraineetourguide.MynameisZengZhaoxi,butyoumayjustcallmeZeng,whichismysurname.ThesurnameisthesameasZencius,oneofConfuciusfamousdisciples.We’refromShandongChinaYouthTravelService(CYTS).OnbehalfofCYTSShandongandourcolleagues,I’dliketoextendawarmwelcometoyou.

Duringyourstayinourprovince,Miss.LiandIwillbeyourlocalguides.We’lldoeverythingpossibletomakeyourvisitapleasantexperience.Ifyouhaveanyproblemsorrequests,pleasedon’thesitatetoletusknow.Wewilldoeverythinginourpowertosmooththemaway.

Asyouwillbestayinginourprovinceforeightdays,you’dbetterrememberthenumberofourbus.Thenumberis20206.Let’srepeatittogether:20206.Andbesidesthat,yourcooperationwillbehighlyappreciated.Thankyou.

NowwearetravelinginJinandowntownarea.Wewillreachthehotelsoon.Afteryougetoffthebus,you’llbewarmlywelcomedbythehotel’sattendantsandenjoyveryconvenientservices.YouknowShandongpeoplehavethetraditionofhospitality.Ihopeyouwillenjoyyourstayinthehotel.Thankyouforyourattention.Nowpleasetakethevaluableswithyouandgetoffthebusonebyone.

第四篇：英文导游词欢迎词

Goodmorning/afternoon/evening,ladiesandgentlemen.

It’smypleasuretohavefriendsfromafar.WelcometoConfuciushometown—ShandongProvince.Pleasesitbackandrelax.Yourluggagewillbesenttothehotelbyanotherbus,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutit.

Asyouwillbestayinginourprovinceforeightdays,you’dbetterrememberthenumberofourbus.Thenumberis20206.Let’srepeatittogether:20206.Andbesidesthat,yourcooperationwillbehighlyappreciated.Thankyou.

第五篇：英文导游词欢迎词

英文导游词欢迎词例文

Lesson1WelcomeSpeech

Goodafternoon,ladiesandgentlemen.

WelcometoNanning.

Pleasesitbackandrelax.Yourluggagewillbesenttothehotelbyanotherbus,soyoudon’thavetoworryaboutit.

Letmeintroducemyteamfirst.Mr.Zhangisourdriver.Hehas20yearsofdrivingunderhisbelt,soyou’reinverysafehands.Ms.Lin,arecentcollegegraduate,isatraineetourguide.MynameisWeiXuelin,butyoumayjustcallmeWei,whichismysurname.OrcallmeJenny,whichismyEnglishname.We’reallfromNanningOverseaInternationalTravelService.Onbehalfofthecompanyandmycolleagues,I’dliketoextendawarmwelcometoyouall.

Duringyourstayinourcity,Ms.LinandIwillbeyourlocalguides.We’lldoeverythingpossibletomakeyourvisitapleasantexperience.Ifyouhaveanyproblemsandrequests,pleasedon’thesitatetoletusknow.

You’regoingtostayattheMarriotHotel,aluxuriousfive-starhotel.AlthoughthehotelisnotexactlyindowntownNanning,itisstrategicallylocatedwitheasyaccesstomanytouristattractions.Asyou’llbestayinginourcityforthreedays,youwilldowelltorememberthenumberofourbus.Thenumberis97710.Letmerepeat:97710.

ThereisonethingImustremindyou.Youmustnotdrinkanytapwaterinthehotel,becauseunboiledwatermightmakeyouill.

Ihopeyouwillenjoyyourstayinmycity.

Lesson2FarewellSpeech

Ladiesandgentlemen,

ThetimehascomeforyoutoleaveforGuangzhou,thefinallegofyourvisittoChina.It’sapitythatyoucannotstayinNanninganylonger.Allowme,then,totakethisopportunitytosaysomethingbywayofafarewell.

Firstofall,Iwishtothankyouallforthecooperationandsupportyouhavegivenusinthepasttwoandahalfdays.Youhavekeptgoodtimeonalloccasions,whichmadethingsaloteasierforMs.Linandme.Youhavebeenveryattentivewhenwehadsomethingtotellyou.Also,youhavebeenkindenoughtoofferussuggestionsonhowtobebettertourguides.I’dliketoaddthatyouarethebestgroupwe’veeverbeenwith.

Threedaysago,wemetasstrangers;today,webidfarewelltoeachotherasfriends.AChinesesayinggoes,“Agoodfriendfromafarbringsadistantlandcloser.”Ihopeyou’lltakebackhappymemoriesofyourtriptoChina,includingyourthree-and-a-half-dayvisittoGuangzhou.

Wearelivinginaworldofdiversityofculturesandlanguages.Culturalexchangesandmutualunderstandingareessentialtoabetterworld,aworldofpeaceandlove.Youhavebeenvisitingthiscountryandyouhavebeentalkingtoherpeople,whichwillsurelybringaboutbetterunderstandingandcloserrelationsbetweenourtwocountriesandtwopeoples.

Asyouhaveprobablyobserved,Nanningisdevelopingveryquickly.Whenandifyoucomebackinthefuture,thecitymayhavechangedbeyondrecognition.Meanwhile,Iwillcontinuemyhumblejobasatourguide.Ihopetoseeyouagaininthefutureandtobeyourguide.

PleaseenjoyyourflighttoGuangzhou.

Onceagain,thankyouforyourcooperationandsupport.

Wishyouapleasantjourney.

LadiesandGentlemen:

ThetimehasgonebyquicklyandyourtriptoChinaisdrawingtoaclose.It’sapitythatyoucannotstayinourcountryanylonger.Thenallowmetotakethisopportunitytosaygoodbyetoyou.

Iwouldliketotellyouthatitisagreatpleasureformetospendthelastfewdaysasyourguide.Ihavehadtheopportunitytomeetandgettoknowyou,andwehavespentagreatdealoftimetogether.IhopeyouhaveenjoyedthesefewdaysasmuchasIhave.WehavetriedtomakeyourstayhereinChinaaspleasantandenjoyableaspossible.Wesincerelyhopethatyouhaveenjoyedbeinghereandthatonedayinthefutureyouwillreturntovisitusagain.Ifthereisanythingwecandotomakethispossible,pleasefeelfreetocallus.

Iwishtothankyouallforthecooperationandsupportyouhavegivenusinthepastseveraldays.Youhavekeptgoodtimeonalloccasions,whichmadethingsaloteasierforme.Youhavebeenveryattentivewhenwehadanythingtotellyou.I’dliketoaddthatyouarethebestgroupwe’veeverbeenwith.

Severaldaysago,wemetasstrangers;today,wesaygoodbyetoeachotherasfriends.AChinesesayinggoes,“Agoodfriendfromafarbringsadistantlandcloser.”Ihopeyou’lltakebackhappymemoriesofyourtriptoChinaandyouarewelcometocomebacksometimeinthefuture.

Asyouhaveprobablyobserved,Chinaisdevelopingveryquickly.Whenandifyoucomebackinthefuture,ourcountrymayhavechangedbeyondrecognition.Meanwhile,Iwillcontinuemyhumblejobasatourguide.Iwishtoseeyouagaininthefutureandtobeyourguide.

Onceagain,thankyouforyourcooperationandsupport.

Goodbye!

第六篇：杭州英文导游词欢迎词

Welcomeeveryonetocomehere,letmeintroduceforeverybody!Hangzhouhasalonghistory,asearlyasfouryearsago,intheNeolithicAgeinHangzhouarea,ourancestorshavemultiplied,andhascalledthe"dawnofcivilization"Liangzhuculture.HangzhouisoneofthesevenancientcapitalsofChina(Beijing,Nanjing,Xi'an,Luoyang,Kaifeng,AnyangandHangzhou),andisalsooneofthebirthplacesofChinesecivilization.BeforetheXiaDynasty,accordingtolegend,DayutoKuaiji(nowShaoxingcounty)totheprincesofthegeneralassembly,inthe"homeshang(Hangzhou)landing",because"YuHang",afterthe"Yuhangmyth".DuringthespringandAutumnperiod,thetwocountriescontendforhegemony,HangzhoufirstbelongedtoWu,andafterthedestructionofWu,WuYuebelongedtovietnam.IntheWarringStatesperiod,HangzhouwasplacedintheterritoryofChustateaftertheChuDynastywasdestroyed.QinwangZhengtwenty-fiveyears(222BC),QinMiechu,todaytheTangxianCountyHangzhouregionalmoney,alsobelongtothehomeYuhangCounty,Kuaijicounty.

HangzhousincetheQinDynastysetupcounty,has2200yearsofhistory.Suikaihuangnineyears(589years)wastemoneyTangCounty,Hangzhou,Hangzhouforthefirsttimeinhistory.DuringtheTangDynasty,EmperorWudefouryears(AD621years),YuhangCountyofHangzhou,inordertoavoidthetaboo,insteadofmoneyfortheQianTangCountyofTangxianCounty.HangzhouwasthefivegenerationofWuYueintheSouthernSongDynastyandthetwogenerationofcapital.TheperiodoftheFiveDynasties,WuYueintheSoutheast(referstothefeudaldynastyhadhadlosttheCentralPlainsandGouonlypartoftheterritory),thecapitalofHangzhou.AtthetimeofHangzhousaidtheWestorwest,stategovernanceinQianTang.GaozongJianyanthreeyears(AD1129),inordertoavoidtheemperorfromYangzhousouthtoHangzhouJinbing,tothestategovernmentforthepalace,HangzhouLing'anPrefecture,alsoknownasthe"lineinthe".Shaoxingeightyears(1138),theofficialcapitalofLing'an,whichlastedmorethan140years.

第七篇：杭州英文导游词欢迎词

第八篇：英文导游词欢迎词

Mydearfriends,whenyoucometoacity,youprobablywanttovisitthemostfamousscenicspotsofspecialinterest.Nanjinghasmanyplaceofhistoricinterestsandhasbeencapitalforsix“dynasties.”ButifyouleaveNanjingwithoutvisitingDr.SunYat-sen`sMausoleum,undoubtedlyyouhavemissedthemostarrestingandfamoustouristattractionofthecity.

TalkingabouttheMausoleumweshouldhaveanideaaboutSunYat-sen,thegreatpioneerofChinesedemocraticrevolution.Mr.Sun`soriginalnameisSunWenandstyledhimselfYat-sen.Soforeignfriendswouldcallhim“Dr.SunYat-sen”.Sincehetook“WoodcutterinZhoushan”ashisaliaswhenhetookpartintherevolutionaryactivities,hewasrespectfullyandwidelycalledMr.SunZhongshaninChina.OnOctober12,1866,Mr.Sunwasborninafarmer`sfamilyinCaihengvillageofXiangshancounty(thepresent-dayzhongshangCity),GuangdongProvince.Whenhewasstillyoung,hehadgreatexpectations.HestudiedmedicineinHonolulu,HongKongandsomeotherplacesandaftergraduationheworkedasapractitionerinGangzhou,MacaoandotherplacesLaterhegaveupmedicineashisprofessiontotakepartinpoliticalactivities.In1905,hesetupChinaAllianceOrganizationinJapanandhewaselectedpresident.Heputforwardthefamousguidingprinciple-“drivingtheinvadersout,restoringthesovereigntyofChina,establishingarepublicandequalizingthelandownership”andtheThreePeople`sPrinciples-“Nationalism,DemocracyandthePeople`sLivelihood.”OnOctober10,1911,theWuchanguprisingbrokeoutandDr.SunaselectedInrterimPresidentoftheRepublicofChinabyrepresentativesfromseventeenprovinces.OnthefollowingNewYear`sday(January1,1912)Mr.SuntooktheoathofofficeinNanjing.Fromthenon,Mr.SunexperiencedYuanShikai`susurpation,theSecondRevolution,“CampaignProtectingtheInterimConstitution.”In1921,Mr.SuntookthepositionofPresidentinUnusualTimesinGuangzhou.AtthefirstNationalCongressofKuomintangheldinQuangzhouin1924,heperfectedtheoriginalThreePeople`sPrinciplesandputforwardThreepeople`sNewPrinciples.Healsoproposedthepoliciesof“MakinganalliancewithRussiaandtheCommunistPartyofChinaandhelpingthefarmersandworkers.”InNovember1924,inspiteofhisillness,Mr.SunwentuptoBeijingtodiscussstateaffairswithGeneralFengYuxiang.

Unfortunately,hebrokedownfromconstantoverworkandpassedawayonMarch12,1925.

ThelocationoftheMausoleumwaschosenbyMr.Sunhimself.Hereisexactlyagoodplacetobuildamausoleum.Youmaywonder:Mr.SunwasborninGuangdongbutdiedinBeijing.ForhiswholelifehetraveledthroughoutChinafortherevolution.WhydidhechooseNanjingasthevenueofhistomb?

ItissaidthatfarbeforeMr.Suntookofficein1912,theabbotofLinguMonasteryhadrecommendedhimthathisplaceisgoodforfengshui,becauseitfacestheplainandisbackedupbygreenmountainsasitsprotectivescreen.OnMarch31,1912Mr.UnresignedasapoliticalcompromiseforthesakeoftheunionoftheNorthChinaandtheSouthChina.OnedayoftheearlyApril,hewenthuntingwithHuHanminaroundthePietyTombofMingDynasty.TheytookarestintheplacewehretheMausoleumislocatednow.Mr.Sunlookedaroundandsaid“IFpossibleIwouldlikemycountrymentoallowmetohavethisplacetoburymycoffin.”Surely,thefengshuioftheZijingMountainisnotthebasicreasonforthelocationofMr.Sun`smausoleum.Thebasicreasonisthat,hesaidondying“Aftermydeath,youcanburymeatthefootoftheZijinMountaininNanjinginmemoryoftheRevolutionof1911,becauseNanjingiswherethetemporarygovernmentwasfounded.”SoalthoughMr.SunstayedinNanjingnotalongtime,ithadaspecialmeaningtohim.Fundamentallyspeaking,thereasonhechoseZijingMountainashispermanentresting-placeistocommemoratetherevolutionof1911andtoencouragetherevolutionaries.

InordertorespectMr.Sun`swish,thePreparatoryCommitteeofSunYat-sen`sFuneral,includinghiswifeSongQinglingandhissonSunke,examinedtheareaandchosethesitefortheMausoleum.Theydelimited2000muandofferedarewardinnewspaperforthebestdesignoftheMausoleum.Amongallthecontribution,youngarchitectLuYanzhi`sdesign,adesignintheshapeofabell,washighlypraisedandgainedthefirstprizeandhehimselfwasinvitedtosupervisethewholeprojectaswell.

OnMarch12,1926,thefirstanniversaryofMr.Sun`sdeath,theprojectgotstartedand3yearslater,itwascompletedinspringof1929.Itcost1.5millionsilvercollarstotally.

Unfortunately,LuYanzhi,theyoungarchitectwithgreatgift,sufferedwhensupervisingtheproject,anddiedat35,justbeforethecompletionoftheMausoleum.ThecompletionceremonywasheldonJune1,1929andMr.Sun`sremainswastransportedfromBeijingtoNangjing.Fromthenon,Mr.Sunhassleptherefornearly70years.

TheconstructionofDr.SunYat-sen`sMausoleumwasanimportanteventinthehistoryofNanjing.InordertomeetMr.Sun`scoffin,thefirstasphaltroadwasbuiltfromZhongshanPortinthewesttoZhongshanGateintheeast;itis12kilometresinlengthandalsocalledZhongshanRoad.Uptotoday,ZhangshanRoadisstilloneofthemostimportantmainroads.Atthesametime,thecitygateChaoyangGatewhichwasbuiltinMingDynastywasrenovatedandChangeditsnametoZhongshanGate.BetweenZhongshangGateandDr.SunYat-sen`sMausoleum,aroadcalledtheMausoleumRoadwasbuilt.JustasthepeopleofParistakeprideoftheirlesChamps-ElyseesandthepeopleofNewYork,theFifthAvenue,thenanjingpeopleareprondoftheirboulevards.Andthe3kilometerslongMausoleumRoadisundoubtedlythebestrepresentativeoftheseboulevards.Alongbothsidesofthe“greencorridor”growsthemainkindoftreeinNanjingasparasolsUsuallyChinesepeoplecallthemFrenchplanetrees,infacttheyareChineselocalproducts.JustbecauseFrenchmentookthemfromYunnanProvincetoFranceandlatertheytransplantedthemintheirleasedterritoryinShanghai,thatiswhytheygotsuchaname.

Now,wearegoingoutoftheZhongshanGateanddrivingalongtheMausoleumRoad.Thedestinationaheadisasquareinshapeofcrescent,AccordingtoLuYanzhi`sdesign,theplaceoftheMausoleumislikea“duo”,abigwoodenbell,whichwasusedtoannounceapolicy,decreeorawarinancienttime.Duo`ssoundisloudandclear,implyingtomakethewholeworldpeacefulandhappy.ThedesignremindsthepeopleofDr.SunYat-sen`swell-knownsaying“Therevolutionisfarfromsuccessandweshouldcontinueworkinghard.”Thissayingalsoservessanalerttothelatergeneration.Thecrescent-shapedsquareisthebottomofthe“BellofFreedom”.

Now,pleaselooktothesouth.ThereisaoctagonplatformstructuredwithreinforcedconcretebutcoveredwithJinshanstoneofSuzhou.Theplatformisdividedintothreelayersandeachlayerisenclosedbystonerails.Thecopper“ding”(anancientcookingvessel)withtwoloopedhandlesandtwolegsweighs5000kg.ITis4.25metershighanditsdiameteris1.23meters.Itisoneoftheconstructionformemoryofthemausoleum.The“ding”wasbuiltinautumn,1933withdonationofstudentsandteachingstaffoftheZhongshanUniversityandMr.Daijitao.Onesideofthe“ding”isengravedwiththreecharacters“Intelligence,HumanityandBrevity”.ThesethreewordsaretheschoolinstructionofZhongshanUniversity.Insideofthe“ding”standsahexagoncoppertabletonwhichDaiJitao`smother`shandwritingofthe“FilialPiety”isengraved.Tothebell-shapedmausoleumthe“ding”isjustlikethependulum.Itseemstoservetoalarmthewholenationbystrikingthebell.

Steppingonthesteps,wewillseeasoaringmemorialarchwaywithfourcolumns.Thearchwaywasbuiltbetween1931and1933,12metershightand17.3metersinwidth.ItismadeofhugeGranitefromFujianProvince,butitsstructureisinChinesetraditionalwoodstructurestyle.Now,lookupattheshiningwordsinscribedonthehorizontalboard.ThewordinEnglishmeanfraternity.TheywerewrittenbyDr.SunYat-sen.ThewordaretakenfromaTangDynastypoetHanYu`s“Fraternityishumanity”.ItissaidthatMr.Sunverymuchlikedtowritethesetwowordstoothers.Dr.Sundevotedhiswholelifetobourgeoisdemocraticrevolutionwithgreatfraternityandstruggledforthenationalindependenceandfreedomfroscoresofyears.Sowecansaythat“fraternity”isthebestgeneralizationofhislife.

FurtherfromtheFraternityArchway,thereisaroadleadingtothemausoleum.Theroadis480meterslonganddozensofmeterswide.ThewholedesignofthemausoleumgivesprominencetoChinesetraditionalstyle,grand,solemnandspecific.InordertoembodythegreatnessofMr.Sun,theMausoleumfollowedtheexampleofancientmausoleumsandwasbuiltagainstmountainsandthecoffinchamberwasplacedatthetopofthemountainthatis160metershigh.Inaddition,theplantsoftheMausoleumaresymmetric,whichmakeitfeelmoresolemn.Now,pleaselookforwardtothenorth,alongthehillside,situatethemausoleumGate,theStelePavilion,theMemorialHallandthecoffinchamberrightbehind.Thepines,cypresses,ginkgoesandmaplesonthebothsidesoftheroadrepresentMr.Sun`srevolutionaryspiritandloftyquality.Theytaketheplaceofstatuesandstonebeastswhichusuallyflankedthesacredroadinancienttimes.Amongthetrees,cedarisoneofthe“fourkindsoftreeforappreciation”andhasbeenhonoredasthetreeofNanjingCity.ThegrandarchwayattheendoftheMausoleumRoadistheformalbeginningofthemausoleumarea.ITis16metershigh,27meterswideand8.8metersdeep.ItismadeofgranitefromtheFujianProvince,too.InscribedonthehorizontalboardofthemiddlepassageisDr.SunYat-sen`shandwriting.Itmeansthatthestatedoesn`tbelongtoonefamilybutbelongstotheentirenationandthecommonpeople.ThisisthegoalforwhichMr.SunstruggledforhiswholelifeanditisalsotheexcellentexplanationoftheDemocracyoftheThreePeople`sPrinciples.WehavepassedthegateoftheMausoleum,theninfrontofusistheStelePavilion.The9-meterhighsteleinthemiddleofthepavilionwasengravedwith24gold-platingcharactersofYanZhenqingstyle,“ChineseKMTburiedPremierSunhereonJune1,18thyearoftheRepublicofChina”.ThesewordswerewrittenbyoneofthefoundermembersofKMT,TanYankai.Whentalkingaboutsettingupastele,WangJingweiandHuHanminwerearrangedtowriteaninscriptionforMr.Sun,buttwoyearspassed,yetnothingtheycouldwrite.BecausetheythoughtthatMr.Sun`smeritscouldn`tbegeneratedbyword,thentheychosetousethepresentfromtopraiseDr.Sunwithoutengravinganinscription.

Goingoutofthepavilion,we`llseenumerouslayersofsteps.ThepeopleofNanjingoftensaythatthestepsintheMausoleumwareasnumberasthestonelionsonLugouBridge(knownforWesternersasMarcoPoloBridge).Sowhencomingheretouristsusuallyask,“howmanystepsoneartharethereintheMausoleum?”Myfriends,ifyouareinterestedyoucancountthem.

Nowwearecomingnearthetopplatform.Look,therearetwobigcopper“ding”.TheywerecontributedbyShanghaimunicipalgovernmentofthattime.Now,pleaselookcarefully.Therearetwoholesinthebottomoftheleft“ding”.Why?Justletmetellyou.Inlate1937,whentheJapanesearmyattackedNanjing,theirshootinglefttwoholesintheleftding.Now,althoughthecircumstanceshavechanged,thetwoholesalwaysremindChinesepeoplenottoforgetthenationalhumiliation.Notfaraway,therearetwobronzedingsinancientstyle.TheyarepresentedbyMr.Sun`ssonSunKeandhisfamily.

Ascendingthesteps,nowwehavereachedthetopoftheplatform.Herewecanhaveabird-viewofwhatitisinthedistance.TheMemorialHallisthehalfwayuptothemountainandtherearealtogether392stepscoveredifyoucountfromthearchwayofFraternity.Theverticaldistanceis70metersbuttheplanedistanceis700meters.IfyoucountthestepsfromtheStelePavilion,thenumberofstepsis290.Inordertoavoidmonotone,thearchitectdividedthe392stepsinto10partsandeveryparthasaplatformandtherearetotally10suchplatforms.Moremarvelous,ifyoulookupfromthebottom,youcanseethatthestepsextendtothetopwithoutstopandyoucantseeanyplatform.Butifyoulookdownfromthetop,youonlyseetheplatforms.Thenumberofthesteps,392,isnotarandomnumber,itimpliedthenumberofChinesepopulationatthattime-392million.

NowweareinfrontoftheMemorialHallandthecoffinChamber.TheyarethemajorpartsoftheMausoleum.TheconstructionofthesetwobuildingwassupervisedthenbyLuYanzhi,thegiftyoungdesigner.Ifiswhenhewasdoingthesetwobuildinghediedofcancer.Sowhenthelatergenerationmentionhimtheywouldoftensay,“Itisagreatpityhediedbeforehiscompletesuccess.”ThestructureoftheSacrificedHallisofaancientwoodenpalacestyle.Itis30meterslong,25meterswideand29meterhigh,surroundedbysmallerconstructionsoffortressstyleandtwo12.6-meter-highcloudcolumns.Itsroof,withdouble-eavesandnineridges,iscoveredwithblueglaretiles.TheoutsideofwalliscoveredwithgranitefromHongkong.Theinscriptiononthehorizontalboardisengravedwithsealcharacterscutinrelief-“Naturalism”“Democracy”and“Thepeople`slivelihood”.ThesearethemostbasicandgeneralguidingprinciplesofMr.Sun`srevolutionaryactivities.Above“Democracy”,thereisahorizontalinscriptionboardwithSun`shandwritingonit,“FilltheWorldwithJustice”.

PleasefollowmeintotheMemorialHall.TheflooriscoveredwithwhiteandblackmarblefromYunnanProvince.ThecolorsofwhiteandblackareamongthetraditionalcolorforburialceremoniesinChina.Thereare12blackstonecolumns,with0.8meterasthediameterforeach.Youwillseethattheinteriorsofthewallsaroundareinsetwithblackmarble.NowyoucanhavealookatMr.SunYat-seen`shandwritingof“ProgrammeforFoundingaState”,engravedontheeastandwestwalls.ThemaincolorsoftheHallareblack,whiteandblue,whichareusedtoexpressfilialpietyinChina.Theinsidewindowsareinlaidwithsmaltos.Theypresentwesternflavorsespeciallywithfloodsofsunshine.ThestyleofthewholestructureisablendoftheEastandtheWest,representingthewellblendeddoctrineofDr.SunYat-sen.

InthemiddleisthesittingstatueofDr.SunYat-seninarobe.Itis4.6metershighandthebottomis2.1meterswide.ItwassculptedbythefamousFrenchsculptorPaulArinskywhosenativecountryisPoland.HewasentrustedbythecommitteeofDr.SunYat-sen`sFuneralforsculptingit.HechosetheItalianmarbleasthematerialforthestatue.In1930,thesculpturewassenttotheMausoleumfromParis.Itstotalcostwas1.5millionfrancs.ThesicreliefbelowarepicturesdepictingMr.Sun`slifeandrevolutionaryactivities.

PassingthroughtheHall,wehavecometotheCoffinChamber.Therearetwodoorsthatyouneedtogetthrough.TheouterdoorconsistsoftwoAmerican-madesafetydoorleafswhicharemadeofcopper.ThenailsonthemandthemysteriousbeastsonthecopperloopsaretypicaloftraditionalChinese.Thehorizontalinscriptionboardwasengravedwith“Thenoblespiritwillneverperish”whichwasSun`shandwritingforthe72martyrs`tombinHuanghuaMoundofGuanzhou.Thesecounddoorisasinglecopperleafengravewithsevencharacters“Mr.SunYat-sen`stomb”whichwerewrittenbyZhangJingjiang.

Thetombisahalfglobeinshape.ThedesignofKMTemblemismosaickedinthevaulteddome.Theflooroftheroundroomiscoveredwithmarble.Theroom`sdiameteris18metersandtheheightis11meters.Thewallsarecoveredwithpinkmarbles.Thecircularmarblepitis1.7metersdeepand4.35metersindiameter.Itisenclosewith1-meter-highwhitemarblerails.InthepitlaysDr.SunYat-senlyingstatueinZhongshanSuit.ThisissculptedinaccordancetoMr.Sun`sremainsbyaCzechoslovakiansculptor.Hiscoppercoffinislyingabout5metersbelowthesculpture.YoumayaskwhyonearththeclothesDr.Wearsforthesittingstatuearetotallydifferentfromthoseforthelyingone?Inthoseyears,theleftistsandtherightistsinsideoftheKMThadsevereconflicts.Therightists,headedbyChangKai-shekwantedtorestoretheancientwaysandopposedrevolution.TheyinsistedthatMr.Sunshouldwearlongrobe,whiletheleftistsinsistedhewearZhongshanSuit.Sincetheyhaddifferentopinionsthusthetwostatueshavedifferentclothesstyles.

Myfriends,I`mafraidyoumustbeconcernaboutwhetherMr.Sunremainsareinthetombornot.Infact,hisremainshadaunusualexperience.Afterhisdeath,hisremainweredealtwithantisepticandplacedinBiyunMonasteryinBeijinginMarch,1925.WhenthewarlordZhangZongchangwasdefeatedbytheNorthExpeditionaryArmyandwithdrewtoBeijingin1926,heascribedhisfailuretoMr.Sun`sremainsanddecidedtoburnthem.ItisthepatrioticgeneralZhangXuelianwhosenttroopstoprotecttheremains.Unfortunatelytheywereonceexposedtotheairthoughtheyweresafeagain.OnMay28,1929,Mr.Sun`scoffinwassenttoPukoufromBeijingbyJinpuRailway,andonJune1itreachedtheMausoleum.AftertheGrandCeremonyofFeng`an,thecoffinandtheremainswereputintothepitandusedcementtoconcreteit.Thebottomofthetombisgranite.Underthecoppercoffin,thereisaspeciallymadewoodenpadandenclosingthecoffinisawell-sealedcrystalbox.AfterthebreakoutoftheResistanceWaragainstJapan,KMTgovernmentplanedtotransporttheremainstoChongqingandattheendoftheliberationwar,ChangKai-shekplanedtotransportittoTaiwanthistime.Becauseitwasnotaeasyjobtotakethecoffinoutandtheworkmightdodamagetotheremainsaswell,thisplanwasfiercelyattackedbytheengineeringfieldandtheleftwingoftheKMT.AtlastChanggaveuptheplan.Sotheremainshavestayedheresafelyuptotoday.

PassingthroughthedoorinthebackwallofthesquareoutsideyouwillarriveattheMausoleumPark.Thebackwalloftheparkisa“ExhibitionofConstructionofDr.SunYat-sen`sMausoleum”.TheExhibitioncontainsnearly200precioushistoricmaterialswhichshowtheconstructionoftheMausoleumandtheprocessofthetransportationofMr.Sun`sremains.

Besidethemainstructure,therearealsosomeconstructionsaroundtheMausoleumbuiltinmemoryofMr.Sun.Mostoftheconstructionsarebuiltafter1929withthedonationofthosefrombothalltradesinChinaandoverseasChinese.TheFraternityPavilionontopofthePlumHillisbuiltwiththedonationofaTaiwanesecompatriot.ITwascompletedonNovember12,1993,the127thanniversaryofMr.Sun`sbirthday.

Ladiesandgentlemen.Mr.SunstruggledforabetterChinaforhiswholelifeandoverthrewmonarchfeudalistsystemwhichlastedformorethan2000years.Hecarriedoutthethreeprincipalpoliciesof“MakinganalliancewithRussiaandtheCommunistPartyofChinaandhelpingthefarmersandworkers”inhislaterdays.ThegreatfeatMr.Sunhasachievedhasgainedgreatrespectandpraisefrompeoplefrombothhomeandabroad.Afterliberation,bothcentralandlocalgovernmentshaveexertedgreateffortsinpreservingthisexcellentheritage.

Now,asoneofthe“TopFortyTouristResortsinChina”Dr.SunYat-senMausoleumreceivesnumerousChineseandinternationalfriendseveryyears.PeoplecomeheretopayhomagetoMr.Sun.Today,theunificationhasbecomethemaintendencyintermsoftherelationsbetweentheChineseonbothsidesoftheStraits.IbelievethatmostChinesepeople,frombothhomeandabroad,areexpectingfromthebottomofheartthecomingofthedaywhenourcountryisunitedandgettingmoreprosperous.Atthattime,whenhearingthis.Dr.Sunwouldsmileandbesatisfiedforsureintheotherworld.OK,thankyouverymuchforyourcooperation.Goodbyeandgoodluck!

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