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旅客们,大家好!我叫倪啸,我很高兴成为大家的导游,本次我们去的地方是北京天坛!
北京天坛是明朝永乐皇帝迁都北京以后,在北京南城仿照南京的大祀殿建立了这作用于祭天的圣坛,占地面积达到了273万平方米。主建筑是大祀殿,也就是今天祈年殿的位置上。天坛有外坛墙和内坛墙,北面是圆形,南面是方形,取意天圆地方。在一开始,祭天和祭地都是天坛,直到明嘉靖年间在北城修建了地坛,才分开的,并且新增了圜丘坛,用于孟冬祭天,把原来的大祀殿改为大享殿,专门用于孟春祈谷,当时殿宇屋顶已经是三重檐了,从上至下的蓝黄绿三色瓦分别代表了天地万物。而在乾隆年间,有将大享殿改为现在的祈年殿,而将屋顶瓦片都改成了蓝色的琉璃瓦。从而形成了今天我们所看到的这个世界上最大的祭天建筑群。
可是这样一个祭天圣地,却也曾经在1860年时遭到英法联军的洗劫,继而在时候又遭到了八国联军的蹂躏。在袁世凯登基的时候也曾经在天坛上演了一出祭天的闹剧。在,天坛最终还是以公园开放。解放以后天坛不仅成了著名的旅游景点,而且还是北京城市绿地的组成部分,来这里的不光是旅游者,还不乏一些专门为了强身健体的老人们。
现在就让我们沿着当年皇帝登坛的路线开始此次游览。
各位游客大家好!很高兴给大家当导游,今天我将带大家参观帝皇之家——北京故宫,现在我先对故宫作个简单介绍。希望通过我的讲解,能够使你们对故宫有个初步的了解。
紫禁城是中国五个多世纪以来的最高权力中心,它以园林景观和容纳了家具及工艺品的9000个房间的庞大建筑群,成为明清时代中国文明无价的历史见证。1987年北京故宫被联合国教科文组织列入《世界遗产名录》。
故宫座北朝南,开有四条门。各位朋友,现在我们来到了故宫的正门,叫午门,意思是正午的太阳光芒四射。它建成于公元1420xx年,位于端门之北,雄伟壮观。各位请看,在10米高的城墙上耸立着五座崇楼,楼顶飞檐翅起,从上面看就象五只展翅欲飞的凤凰,故午门又称五凤楼。
各位游客朋友,现在我们已经进入故宫。这里是故宫第一进院落,首先出现在我们面前的是五座汉白玉石桥,它们象征五德,即仁、义、礼、智、信,是皇帝集美好的品质为一身的意思。金水桥下是内金水河,跨过金水桥就来到了太和门广场,这里就是明代皇帝御门听政时百官待驾的地方。
各位游客朋友,我们眼前的太和殿是整座紫禁城内级别最高的建筑,只有皇帝举行盛大典礼时才使用,象征皇权的至高无上,太和殿俗称金銮殿,是我国现存木结构大殿的杰出典范之作。太和殿始建于公元1420xx年,当时叫奉天殿。后来,该叫皇极殿。清顺治皇帝登基后,重修三大殿,并将皇极殿改为太和殿。
“不来故宫,枉来北京!”相信今天的故宫一日游给各位留下了深刻的印象,各位游客朋友,再见!
尊敬的各位游客:
大家好,欢迎大家来到北京。北京有许多名胜古迹,今天我带领大家参观是著名故宫。我是大家导游,我姓胡,大家可以叫我胡导,但大家请放心,我决不会给大家“胡导”。这位是我们司机师傅,也姓胡。所以,本次参观就由我们“二胡”组合来为大家服务。
我们现在正在去故宫路上,借着这点时间,我先给大家介绍一下故宫。故宫是我国现存最大最完整皇宫,在世界上堪称最为壮丽古代建筑群,已有近600年历史。故宫是我国明、清两代24个皇帝皇宫。故宫建筑布局分为外朝和内廷。外朝是皇帝举行大典和召见大臣主要场所,内廷是皇帝处理日常政务和后妃及幼年皇子居住游玩地方。故宫共有宫殿9000多间,雕梁画柱,金碧辉煌,非常华丽威严。
好,现在我们已经到达停车场,请大家跟随我进入故宫。在进门之前,我要提醒大家:面对我们祖先留下这些珍贵文物时,要格外珍惜,不要损坏。
最后,祝大家本次参观玩开心。
大家好,我是北京旅行社的导游,名叫成思瑶,欢迎来自济南的朋友来到北京参观故宫,我会陪同大家一齐游览故宫,大家在参观的过程中有疑问的地方能够问我。
故宫建于公元1406年,南北长961米,东西宽763米,面积约723600平方米,大小院子有90多座,房屋有980多座,共计7078间。故宫的前半部分建筑形象是严肃、庄严、壮丽、雄伟的,以象征皇上的至高无上。后半部分叫内廷,则富有生活气息,建筑多事自成院落,有花园、书斋、馆榭、山石等。此刻我们立刻就到乾清宫了。乾清宫是内廷的`正殿,高20米,殿的正中央有宝座,内有“正大光明”匾,两头有暖阁。清康熙前此处为皇帝居住和处理政务之处。清雍正后皇帝移居养心殿,但仍在此处批阅奏折、选派官吏和召见下臣。请大家注意,在解散之后,不要随便触摸这些古老的文物,以防破损。
下头我们要去御花园,请大家排好队。
御花园里有高耸的松柏,珍贵的花木、山石和亭阁。御花园原名叫宫后苑,占地11000多平方米,有建筑20余处。以钦安殿为中心,园林建筑采用主次相辅、左右对称的格局,布局紧凑,古典富丽,能够说是保存的古亭中最为华丽的花园了。注意事项:如果大家有垃圾,请及时扔到垃圾箱里,不要丢在故宫里。
多谢大家今日的参观,再见!
The Temple of Heavenly Ladies and Gentlemen: Welcome to Beijing and welcome to China. First, I would like to introduce myself to all of you. I am the local guide of this group. My name is xx-x, you can call me Wang or MiWang for short. I’m very pleased to be your guide today.
I do hope all of you could like my guiding and enjoy the travel on your pleasant day. This morning we are going to visit the Temple of Heaven. The Temple of Heavenly is located in the southern part of Beijing. So it will take us about 30 minutes to get there.
Before we arrived at the Temple of Heaven, I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of it. The Temple of Heaven was built in 1420, during when the Forbidden City and some other important structures were constructed in Beijing of Ming dynasty. It covers an area of 273 hectares, which is 3 times larger than the Forbidden City.
The Temple of Heaven is not only the largest group of temple building in China, but also the largest heaven-worshipping architecture in the world. It was listed as one of the World Cultural Heritages by UNESCO in 1998. Originally, the temple was built according to the Temple of Heaven and Earth in Nanjing. At that time both heaven and earth were worshipped at this temple, so it was also called the Temple of Heaven and Earth. However, in 1530, another structure, the Temple of Earth was built on the northern part of Beijing, and therefore, the heaven and earth were worshipped separately, the Temple of Heaven was renamed as the present name. During the Ming and Qing dynasties, emperors went to the Temple of Heaven to worship heaven and pray for an abundant harvest. The emperors went to the temple three times a year:
on the 15th day of the first lunar month to pray for a good harvest; during the Summer Solstice to pray for rain; and during Winter Solstice to give thanks for a good harvest. As a site for worshipping heaven, the Temple of Heaven is different from any other imperial structure. Architecturally speaking, the Temple of Heaven has two themes: in the heaven and on the earth. The surrounding walls of the Temple of Heaven are 6 meters high with a semi-circular wall to the north and square shaped wall to the south. This represents an ancient belief that the heaven was round and the earth square.
Now we’ve arrived at the Temple of Heaven. The gate we just passed through is the South Gate to the Temple of Heaven, and we are now in the southern part of the temple. The tour today will first take you to the Circular Mound Altar, then the Imperial Vault of Heaven, and the Hall of Prayer for Good Harvest, finally to the East Gate where we will be picked up by our bus. So when you get lost or separated from the group, please meet at the East Gate, not here or the South Gate.
Now, here we go! The Circular Mound Altar first! ( In front of the Circular Mound Altar) First, let’s have a look at the Circular Mound Altar. In the old days, every year at the time of the Winter Solstice, the emperor would come here in person to offer a solemn sacrifice on the Altar to worship Heaven. The emperor reported to the God of Heaven the
大家好,我叫陈汛贤,在这阳光明媚的日子里,我带大家去北京故宫游玩,首先我简单介绍一下北京故宫,然后再说一个关于北京故宫的传说吧!故宫位于北京的中心,东西宽730米、南北长1402米 有100多个篮球场那么大,那里还有皇上住的永乐殿,皇后住的永慈殿,这里有一口井,据说里面不是水,而是已经死掉的人的骨灰,真恐怖呀!下面我就说一个关于故宫的传说吧!燕王朱奴在皇宫做了皇帝后,就觉得故宫不够漂亮,就叫亲信大臣做管工大臣“在皇宫的四个角上盖四座样子特别美的楼房,要有九梁九十九柱,限期是三个月”管工大臣就叫工厂里的工人们:“皇上要盖四座要有九梁九十九柱的楼房,限期是三个月。”工人们听了非常郁闷!一个月过去了,工人们还没想到怎么盖,工头去街里闲逛,看到一个装蟋蟀的笼子,刚刚好是九梁九十九柱,工头就买回去,按照这个笼子做了出来。旅客们!目的地到了,要注意不要破坏公物哦!