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Huangguoshu Waterfall belongs to the Baishui River system at the lower reaches of Kebu River, a tributary of Dabang River, a tributary of Beipan River, a tributary of Nanpan River, the main stream of Xijiang River in the the Pearl River water system. Kebu River is the west source (or tributary) of Dabang River, a north bank tributary at the downstream of Beipan River, a tributary of Nanpan River in the Xijiang River system of the the Pearl River Basin. Originating from Ertang in Liuzhi Special District, Guizhou Province, it flows northeast to Zhedongnan in Liuzhi Special District, passes through Biandan Mountain and reaches the mouth of Guijia River, initially known as Baishui River. The Huangguoshu Waterfall flows south here and intersects with Dongyuan Wanger River into Dabang River. The river is 48 kilometers long, with a catchment area of 731.4 square kilometers, a drop of 339 meters, and a flow rate of 14.6 cubic meters per second at the mouth.
The flow rate of Huangguoshu Waterfall is generally maintained at 8 to 12 cubic meters per second. The maximum flow during the rainy season can reach 110-150 cubic meters per second. At a flow rate of 2-3 cubic meters per second, Huangguoshu Waterfall can form a landscape. With a flow rate of about 5 cubic meters, it can showcase the beautiful side of Huangguoshu Waterfall without losing its grandeur. Due to the decrease in upstream water volume, during the dry season from early November to the end of April each year, Wangerhe Reservoir will divert water to Huangguoshu Waterfall, with a daily flow rate of no less than 5 cubic meters per second. This can ensure that the flow rate of Huangguoshu Waterfall during the dry season remains above 8 cubic meters per second. Even if facing another severe drought, the Huangguoshu Waterfall will still remain beautiful and spectacular.
Huangguoshu Waterfall has a long history as a scenic spot. After the establishment of the Peoples Republic of China, Anshun City and Zhenning County in Guizhou Province developed it. In 1982, it was included in the first batch of national key scenic spots.
The Dahuang Fruit Tree Tourism Circle includes the unique and magnificent natural landscapes and diverse ethnic customs and cultures of Anshun, covering Tianxing Bridge, Langgong, Longgong, Getu River, Guanling National Paleontological Geological Park, the Earths Great Rift - Huajiang Grand Canyon, Tianlong Tunpu, Yunfeng Tunpu, and multiple tourist ethnic villages, covering an area of over 120 square kilometers.
The origin of Huangguoshu Waterfall can be traced back to the Middle Triassic period over 200 million years ago, when a thick set of carbonate rocks was deposited in the Huangguoshu area. The Huangguoshu Waterfall developed in a set of thick layers interbedded with a small amount of thin layered limestone in the second section of the Guanling Formation of the Middle Triassic, located on the eastern wing of the Wengzhai anticline. The Baishui River during the formation of Huangguoshu Waterfall was an above ground river that developed between 100000 and 500000 years ago and evolved from the "wide valley period" to the "canyon period" during the middle and late Pleistocene periods of the Quaternary. Later, due to the intermittent uplift of the crust during the Himalayan Movement, the erosion benchmark level of the river decreased, leading to the strengthening of erosion, dissolution, and other downward cutting effects of the river. A "fissure" was formed at this point (where the riverbed underwent significant turning points due to the uplift of the crust, the decline of the erosion benchmark level, and the influence of factors such as structure and lithology). The fissures, karst caves, and underground rivers at this fissure point were very developed. The Baishui River first formed a karst erosion fissure type sinkhole waterfall. Later, under the influence of factors such as river erosion, dissolution, and lateral erosion, intermittent uplift of the crust, and increasing hydrodynamic forces in the late Pleistocene warm and humid climate, the top of the sinkhole gradually collapsed, and the Huangguoshu Waterfall finally appeared, with a history of 50000 years.
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