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第一篇：武汉大学英文导游词
The greenhouse is divided into three exhibition areas: tropical rain forest exhibition area, desert plant exhibition area and orchid exhibition area. First of all, we come to the tropical rainforest exhibition area. With a total area of 1845 square meters, it is the largest main exhibition area of the whole greenhouse. There are more than 1500 cultivated species, including Palmaceae, Moraceae, Bromeliaceae, Araceae, Liliaceae, Zingiberaceae, Musaceae, Araliaceae, acanthopanax senticosus, Euphorbiaceae, Begoniaceae and various ferns. The room simulates the scenery of tropical rain forest, and it is also dominated by tropical and subtropical plants. According to their different terrain and functions, they are planted separately to form a unique ecological landscape of tropical rain forest. Highlighting the primitive jungle atmosphere, palm family includes King coconut and old man sunflower (old man sunflower is also called Washington sunflower, belonging to Washington family of palm family, native to India, Malaysia, etc.). Woody plants, evergreen trees, foliage plants, evergreen coconut trees.) For sugar producing plants, people are most familiar with sugarcane in the South and beet in the north. In fact, sugar palm in palmitaceae is also an expert in sugar production. Sugar palm is produced in tropical Asia and Africa. It is tall and has large and dense pinnate leaves. Its nectar contains sugar. After the inflorescence is cut, a large amount of sugar juice can flow out. The amount of juice of female plant is about 50% more than that of male plant. The juice can be used as beverage, fermented wine or concentrated boiling for 5 hours Tropical fruit is the fruit of the heart (fruit of the heart belongs to mountain olive family fruit of the heart). It is native to Mexico, Central America and Southeast Asia. China is mainly distributed in Hainan, Guangdong, Fujian, Taiwan, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places. Evergreen trees. Human heart fruit is named because its longitudinal section looks like human heart. The best taste was 5-7 days after harvest. The milk of bark is gum; the oil content of seed kernel is up to 20%, and the root, skin and leaf can be used for medicine.) Mangoes (mangoes belong to the genus mangiferaceae, enjoying the reputation of "king of tropical fruits". Mango is an evergreen tree. The nutritional value of mango is very high, and the content of vitamin A is as high as 3.8%, which is twice as much as that of apricot. The content of vitamin C is also higher than that of oranges and strawberries. Mango contains sugar, protein, calcium, phosphorus, iron and other nutrients, which are necessary for human body. It's not seasick, it's disgusting Because the cross section is like a five pointed star, it is also called "star pear" abroad. It is one of the famous Lingnan fruits. Oxalaceae, evergreen or semi evergreen trees. It can produce fluid and quench thirst. It is beneficial to urination, heat dissipation, pain relief and hemostasis. Besides 10% sugar, it is also rich in vitamin A and C. Among them, there are waterfalls to welcome visitors, green water to appreciate pearls, cave heaven and blessed land, and Maoting path.
You will see this tree is Dracaena, a tropical evergreen tree, for the agave family, Dracaena. Once its bark is cut, it will flow out bright red juice, like the blood of the human body, hence its name. Most of them are distributed in limestone areas with high altitude, up to 20 meters high, belonging to class II national protected plants. The juice of Dracaena Dracaena has very high medicinal value. It can extract the precious Yunnan red medicine, Dracaena Dracaena, also known as Kirin's Dracaena, which is as famous as Yunnan Baiyao. It is also the main component of the famous medicine "Qilisan". Li Shizhen praised it as "the holy medicine of promoting blood circulation" in compendium of Materia Medica. It has the good effects of promoting blood circulation, removing blood stasis, detumescence, relieving pain, astringency and hemostasis. It can be taken orally and used externally. It is a good treatment It is a special medicine for traumatic injury, promoting blood circulation and hemostasis. In 1972, Professor Cai Xitao, a famous botanist and founder of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, first discovered a large area of Dracaena Dracaena on the limestone mountain in Menglian County, Simao Prefecture, Yunnan Province. The growth of Dracaena Dracaena is very slow. Its trunk is less than 1 cm thick in one year, but its life span is the longest in the plant kingdom, up to 8000 years, so it is called "the longevity of plants" by botanists.
You can see this is a kapok tree, a large deciduous tree of the kapok family. It is also called the hero tree because it grows very straight and has red flowers like blood. The height of the tree is about 10 meters. The tree and its branches are long and hard. It mainly grows in the south of China. It blooms in March and April every year. Its flower is called kapok. It can be used as medicinal material and has the function of clearing away heat and dampness. It is the city flower of Guangzhou. Here it mainly shows the tropical rain
There is a special phenomenon of root plate in forest.
Generally, the roots of plants plunge into the soil to absorb water and nutrients, supply the growth of stems, branches and leaves of aboveground parts, and also play a supporting role in bearing the gravity of aboveground parts. In order to better perform the above functions, the roots always develop in depth and breadth. The trees in the middle and upper layers of tropical rainforest are generally 30-40 meters in diameter, and their crowns are also very wide. If there is no strong root system as the foundation, these trees will be top heavy and unstable, and will sink or be destroyed by tropical storms. Because the tropical rain forest is in a rainy and humid climate, the water in the soil is always saturated or nearly saturated in the long rainy season. The roots of trees are required for "breathing", so they are difficult to penetrate into the deep soil layer lacking air. Since it is difficult to enter the deep soil and to support the aboveground parts, they adopt the strategy of developing to the surface space. For example, this kapok tree chooses to extend the stem of the trunk like a wing to all sides to form a plate-shaped root, which is called "plate root", and meandering along the ground to solve the problem of "heavy head and light foot and shallow root". The wonder of natural creatures lies in their harmonious relationship with the environment and the survival of the fittest.
Under the kapok tree is the golden bract flower, also known as the golden bract shrimp clothing flower, Acanthaceae thick ear Acanthopanax is an evergreen subshrub. The bracts are heart-shaped, golden yellow, about 3cm long; the flowers are milky white, lip shaped, about 5cm long, protruding from the bracts. Native to Peru and Mexico. First, the temperature should be appropriate. The suitable temperature for its growth is 20 ℃ to 28 ℃. The second is the suitable light. Third, water should be sufficient. Fourth, the soil should be well permeable. Fifthly, fertilizer should be used in the right way.
Walking in the beautiful tropical rain forest, you may suddenly find: a clump of strange emerald green leaves grows on the trunk of a tall tree, both upward and downward. The top of each leaf splits into two pieces, and each piece splits into two pieces, and so on. It looks like the horn of a Wapiti. This is the famous wild ornamental plant, the second level national key protection plant - antler fern. This is the one you can see. It is a perennial evergreen epiphytic herbaceous foliage plant of antler fern family. Although antler fern takes the tall trees as its home, it does no harm to the trees, because it is an epiphytic plant, not a parasitic plant. It can feed itself only on the food given by air and rain, and does not need to absorb the nutrition of trees. The first discovery of wild antler fern in China is in the primeval forest of Dayingjiang, Yunnan Province. Because antler fern often grows on the knots or branches of tree trunks, local people also call it "tree clothes".
If you look up at this plant again, it has many broad leaves around the short stem, forming a basin in the center, so it is named bird's Nest Fern. If you also want to plant bird's Nest Fern, you should know that it is also epiphytic fern, so you can't use ordinary culture soil, but use fern root, bark block, moss, broken brick mixed with sawdust, coconut bran and so on as potting substrate. At the same time, use the cultivation container with good air permeability, and fill the bottom of the container with broken wood Brick and other large particle materials, in order to facilitate ventilation row small. Bird's Nest Fern can also be planted directly on the false tree or wood section, but it is necessary to spray water frequently to maintain high air humidity. Bird's Nest Fern likes warm, humid and semi shade conditions with strong scattered light. It can grow all year round under the condition of high temperature and humidity. The optimum temperature for its growth is 20-22 ℃. The temperature of overwintering in winter is 5. In spring and summer, it is necessary to water more and spray water on the leaf surface frequently to keep the leaf surface clean. Generally, 70% - 80% of air humidity is suitable.
But also pay attention to the water in the basin when watering, otherwise it is easy to rot root and die. In the growing season, the decomposed liquid fertilizer was applied once every two weeks to ensure the plant growth and dark green leaves.
Here they mainly show the sky garden phenomenon of tropical rainforest. In the dark and humid tropical rainforest, there are many epiphytes, which can skillfully use the tree right and the nutrient growth in the residual bird manure, litter or dust on the branches. Now bird's Nest Fern and antler fern are epiphytic on the rubber tree, hanging high in the air. When the flowers bloom, their flowers seem to bloom in the air, so they form a wonderful sky garden.
Longtuzhu is a woody Liana belonging to Jatropha of Verbenaceae. Longtuzhu is native to tropical Africa. The suitable temperature for its growth is 18 ℃ to 24 ℃ and the temperature in winter is not lower than 8 ℃. Longtuzhu is an excellent potted flower with dark green leaves, peculiar flower shape and red in white, just like youlongtuzhu.
Bambusa, also known as Guanyinzhu, is a genus of Bambusa in Palmaceae, which originated in Guangdong, Yunnan and other places in China. It leaves terminal palmate division, culm covered with bract hair, bract hair fall off, there are nodes such as bamboo.
Red back osmanthus, also known as red back osmanthus, Euphorbiaceae, Aquilaria. It is native to Guangdong, Guangxi and Vietnam, and widely cultivated in South China. It's an evergreen shrub, green on the surface and purplish red on the back. The flowers are unisexual, dioecious, yellow at first, and yellow white later. The flowering period is summer and autumn.
Saxifraga is also known as golden lotus. It is a perennial herbaceous foliage plant belonging to Saxifragaceae. It is produced in China and Japan. In recent years, with the popularization and planting of perennial herbs, they can be planted under the big trees of old green space, used as ground cover, or planted beside buildings or rocks. It is also a traditional Chinese herbal medicine in China.
In the green plant kingdom, pteridophytes are a lower class group of higher plants. In the ancient geological period, most of the ferns were tall trees. Later, due to the changes of the continent, most of them were deeply buried and turned into coal. Most of the plants that exist on the earth today are short herbaceous plants, and only a few woody species have survived. So far, Alsophila spinulosa is one of them. Alsophila spinulosa, also known as tree fern, is up to 8 meters high. Fern family Alsophila. Because it is the only woody pteridophyte, extremely precious, so it is listed as a kind of key protected plant by the state. This huge fern once spread all over the world in ancient times and was one of the food of dinosaurs at that time. Today's relict tree species have become "living fossils". It has high scientific research value in species evolution, climate change, geographical movement and so on. From the appearance, Alsophila spinulosa looks like a coconut tree. Its trunk is cylindrical, upright and straight. On the top of the tree, there are many large and long pinnate compound leaves, which are floating in all directions. If its leaves are reversed, many sporangia can be seen on the back. There are many spores in the sporangia. Alsophila spinulosa has no flowers. Of course, it does not bear fruits and seeds. It depends on these spores to reproduce. Alsophila spinulosa likes warm and humid climate. It is distributed in Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan, Tibet, Guangxi, Guangdong, Taiwan and other places in China. It often grows under the forest or in the wet and shady places beside the river and valley. Alsophila spinulosa also has many uses. Its stem
Rich in starch, it can be used for food, vases and other utensils. And as medicine, traditional Chinese medicine is called Feitian Jue, longlongfeng. It has small poison, can drive rheumatism, strengthen muscles and bones, clear away heat and stop cough. Alsophila spinulosa has a beautiful body and is a good garden ornamental tree.
Nymphaea is a perennial aquatic herb belonging to Nymphaeaceae, also known as meridional lotus, water hyacinth, water celery, etc. its leaves are floating on the water surface, with round shield shaped leaves, green leaves and purple back leaves. Its flowers have white, red, pink, yellow, blue, purple and other colors. Its flowering period is from June to August. Each flower can open continuously for 4-7 days, and then gradually curl and sink into the water after withering. Because of its beautiful flowers and leaves, rich colors and long flowering period, it has always been deeply loved by people. Because water lily root can absorb mercury, lead, phenol and other toxic substances in water, it is a rare plant material for water purification, so it has been paid more attention in the construction of urban water purification, greening and beautification. Most water lilies open near noon and close in the evening. At present, it is cultivated in all provinces in China. The rhizome of water lily can be used for food or wine making, and can also be used as medicine to treat children's chronic convulsion. Water lily is divided into tropical water lily, cold zone water lily two kinds, cold, not cold. Tropical water lily, native to the Amazon River Basin, can keep blooming if the temperature is kept at 18 in four seasons. Their differences are as follows:
"A single tree does not make a forest" is an old saying rich in philosophy. However, things in the world are not as monotonous as people think. Although a single tree is not a vast forest, some trees will create a "forest" spectacle. A single tree grows many "tree scholars", forming a forest landscape. The main trees that create "forest by themselves" are mulberry trees and banyan trees. This is what you see now. It grows rapidly, has a strong plant, has a broad crown, and its branches and leaves are evergreen all the year round. It is commonly known as big green tree. You may see that it has a lot of whiskers. In fact, they are called "air rooting". They belong to a kind of adventitious roots and are a special form of roots of banyan trees. Banyan has a long life span, fast growth and well developed lateral branches and roots. There are many skin holes on the branches, and many aerial roots can grow everywhere, hanging down like a beard. These aerial roots grow downward and thicken into the soil to form pillar roots, which do not branch or grow leaves. The function of aerial rooting of Ficus microcarpa is the same as other roots, which can absorb water and nutrients. At the same time, it also supports the expanding branches and makes the crown expand. It stands like a tree trunk between the land and the main branches. When the old trees are surrounded by pillar roots of different sizes, the ground occupied by a single tree gives rise to the scene of "becoming a forest". A huge old banyan tree can have more than a thousand pillars. Its canopy can cover more than 6000 square meters, which is known as "stand alone forest".
Pandanus is a small tree in the family of pandanus. Its fiber can be used to make a variety of handicrafts. Fresh flowers contain aromatic oil. Roots, leaves, flowers and fruits are used for medicine. It can cure nephritis, edema and other inflammatory phlegm. It is mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Yunnan, Taiwan and other provinces in China. It is also distributed in other tropical Asia and southern Australia, but mostly in coastal sandy land. In ancient times, Xishuangbanna was a part of the ancient Mediterranean. Due to the Himalayan orogeny in the geological history, the ancient Mediterranean retreated to the West and experienced "vicissitudes". But who can witness it? The research results of geological structure and paleontology bear witness, which is conclusive evidence for science. But these evidences are all "dead" things, which sometimes cannot be explained clearly because of "death without proof". Fortunately, nature has left dozens of plants in Xishuangbanna as living testimony because of its "fear", among which the Ludou tree is a very convincing one. After the disappearance of the ancient Mediterranean, it "believed" that Xishuangbanna was a good land, but did not move to the sea with its family. After a long period of training and evolution, it became a member of the tropical rain forest that developed later, and gradually adapted to the acidic soil, humid and dark forest environment of the tropical rain forest. Moreover, it also changed the habit that it could not grow except by the sea. However, it may be some of the reasons that "rivers and mountains are easy to change but habits are difficult to move"
Genetic genes are still working. It needs to grow a lot of aerial roots in the lower part of the trunk and develop into pillar roots to maintain its original habit of growing on the beach for "breathing" and supporting the plants on the ground.
Now you are entering the desert exhibition area of succulent plants. Because they have to endure the harsh environment of drought and heat in the desert, some parts of their bodies have evolved into fat water containers, and some even their leaves have degenerated into thorns or completely disappeared. Unlike other plants, these plants usually open their stomata when it is cool at night to release oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide Placed at home, it is a natural "air freshener", which is very beneficial to health.
第二篇：武汉导游词
好，下面请大家随我一起去游览著名的东湖风景区。
东湖风景区位于武汉市武昌区东部，是国务院首批命名的国家级风景区之一，其湖面约为33平方公里，是杭州西湖的六倍，湖岸蜿蜒曲折，素有99湾之称。东湖的湖面是这样的广阔，风景是这样的优美，那么大家知道东湖是怎么形成的吗？
其实东湖濒临长江，经青山港和长江相通，在江湖之间，发育着一片冲积平原，有长达十多公里的环湖长行高地，堤内形成相对低下的凹地，每当汛期，长江水位高于地表时，凹地上游来水便无法外泻，于是，在洼地内的积水就形成了现在的东湖。
1949年以前的东湖几基本上还是个荒湖，从五十年代就开始进行了大规模的建设，依其自然环境，东湖可被分为听涛、落雁、白马、磨山、吹笛、珞洪六个景区，但是现在对外开放的只有听涛和磨山两大景区。
那么现在就请大家和我一同进去游览。
进入了东湖的大门后，我们也就进入了听涛风景区，现在我们所在的这一块地方叫做黄鹂湾，这个名字是来源于杜埔的《绝句》：“两个黄鹂鸣翠柳，一行白鹭上青天。”这里沿湖垂柳拂岸，湖岸绿树成荫，也正合杜埔的诗意。
大家注意到了这边的这些树木了吗？这就是被称为活化石的第四纪冰川时期的古老植物水杉，在三百万年以前它们曾广泛分布于北半球的各个地区。水杉曾一度被世界各地的植物学家认为已经灭绝了，但1945年我过森林工作者却在湖北省利川市发现了水杉林区，成为轰动一时的世界新闻。为了纪念这一古老树种在湖北省首次被发现，武汉市决定将水杉定为市树，以其刚毅坚强、刚直不阿来象征英雄的武汉人民。
象大家现在看到的一样，水杉的叶子在每年的深秋时节都会变红，在阳光下泛出金红的光泽，十分耀眼。
继续往东，我们就到了听涛轩，听涛轩的周围种有翠竹、苍松，在迎湖面石砌的护坡上，大家可以看到嵌有东坡居士书写的“松坡”二字的青石坡，石板上方有几株苍翠的劲松，挺立在陡峭的岩石岸边，为这里的景色增添了一些神韵。在听涛轩的斜对面就是水云乡。
走过荷风桥，我们现在看到的这座三层绿瓦圆柱的楼阁，这就是听涛游览区的中心――行吟阁。它是为了纪念战国时期著名的爱国诗人屈原而建的，说到屈原，我想大家一定会是非常熟悉的，他是世界四大文化名人之一，战国时期楚国人，他开始十分得到楚怀王的信任，因此他也常向楚怀王提出一些治国方针，对内实行“举贤授能”的政策，对外实行“联齐抗秦”的战略，由于实施他这一套正确的方针，使得楚国一度强盛。而后来屈原却受到了小人的排挤，被放逐到江北，在楚襄王继位后，他又被放逐到更远的江南。公元前278年，秦国攻破楚国都城，在江南过了二十年流亡生活的屈原目睹国家的沦亡，于农历五月初五，在湖南汨罗江怀石投江，以身殉国，人们为了纪念屈原而保留了一个民族特色十分浓郁的端午节，而现在的武汉人民为了纪念这位伟大的诗人，特意为他修建了这座行吟阁，行吟阁是钢筋混凝土仿木结构，高22.5米，平面为一正方形。在行吟阁里有屈原的画像以及生平简介，还展示了他的一些著作。大家看行吟阁前的这尊塑像，通高达6.8米，塑像表现了屈原昂首视天、举步欲行，吟《天问》的神态，流露出诗人被放逐后悲愤郁结的心情，而“行吟阁”这个名字则是出自《楚辞・渔父》中的“屈原既放，游于江潭，行吟泽畔。”
从行吟阁往南我们可以看到沧浪亭，黑瓦飞檐，其名也是出自《渔父》里的“沧浪之水清兮，可以濯吾缨；沧浪之水浊兮，可以濯吾足。”
由于行吟阁过落羽桥是一块天然的三角洲，依地势建有一个扇形的长廊，而又临近湖岸，所以取名为“濒湖画廊”。画廊后金桂夹道，可直达屈原纪念馆。
我们游览完以行吟阁为中心的行吟泽畔后，顺路往前，就是东湖的二十四景之一的“水天一色”。这里主要是以长天楼为中心的景区，首先我们看到的就是碧潭观鱼，这是一组具有民族特色的建筑，而这里的小桥号称九曲十八弯。东湖以盛产淡水鱼而著称，其中又以武昌鱼最为名贵，别看这只是一条小小的鱼，它身上的典故还真不少，三国时，吴王孙皓想从建业迁都武昌，就是现在的鄂州，陆凯上书以“宁饮建业水，不食武昌鱼。”来加以劝阻，以后元朝的马祖常也有“南游莫忘武昌鱼”的诗句，由此可见武昌鱼的名声可是在很久以前就已经传开了，解放后，经常到武汉来视察，大都住在东湖风景区内，他曾在当时的听涛酒家吃过武昌鱼，1956年他的《水调歌头・游泳》中也留下了“才饮长沙水，又食武昌鱼”的名句。
我们再往前走，长天楼便跃入眼帘。这是一座保留着中国民族特色的宫殿式建筑，老一辈革命家曾多次在这里休息，接待国际友人。站在长天楼上，凭栏远眺，碧波万倾，您是否也会有“秋水长天一色”的感叹呢？其实长天楼的名字正是这样得来的。
在长天楼右侧的这是鲁迅广场，鲁迅半身像在苍松翠柏的掩映下显得格外的庄严肃穆，令人油然而生一种敬意。不知大家注意到了没有，刚才我们游览过的行吟阁在听涛景区的南面，而这鲁迅广场则是在听涛风景区的北边。一个是纪念伟大的爱国诗人屈原，另一个是纪念新文化运动的先驱，一南一北，遥相呼应，可谓是天作地合。
好了各位朋友，我们就走到这里，现在沿原路返回，也让我们再一次欣赏东湖如画的美景吧。