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身为武大一子,你可曾知道珞指坚硬的石头,珈指女子的饰物,此组合成珞珈山是由武大第一任文学院院长闻一多先生赐名?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道国内少有大学将一座山完整包含在校园之内,而武汉大学却完完整整包括珞珈山、狮子山、侧船山等好几座山?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道珞珈山上郁郁葱葱的苍翠,是当年农业专家叶雅各亲拟的防虫害的混交林方案,七十年过去了,枫樟栎松苍翠欲滴的珞珈山林从未发生过大面积的虫害?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道武大最初的樱花是抗日战争时期,将武大作为其中原司令部的日本人栽种的,共有28株,目的为缓解伤病的思乡之情和炫耀武功、表明长期占有之意?!!
身为武大一子,你可曾知道1993年百年校庆时,立新牌坊于武大入口处,正面的“国立武汉大学”是出于湖北省著名书法家曹立庵先生的手笔?你可曾知道背面的小篆“文”、“法”、“理”、“工”、“农”、“医”六字,为武汉大学中文系“五老八中”之一刘博平先生所写?而那四跟八棱圆柱,象征着喜迎来自四面八方的莘莘学子?而柱头上的云纹雕饰则是表明高等学府的深邃和高尚?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道理学院拜占庭风格的主楼,穹窿圆屋顶与南面的工学院方攒尖顶眼相呼应,象征天圆地方?你可曾知道工学院的“玻璃中庭”、“共享空间”的设计手法在当时的世界还只处于探索和试验阶段就被用到了武大的早期建筑中?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道半山庐和“老十八栋”?它不仅指那风光旖旎珞珈南麓依山傍水错落有序的三排小洋楼,更重要的是那里面曾居住着代表了武汉大学文化、学术和气质的十八位教授?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道“宋卿”为民国总统黎元洪的字,而宋卿体育馆为其子所赠?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道建于狮子山之顶的老图书馆是武大校园建筑的制高点,因为保护,平日不许上去,但对离校的毕业生,每人允许登高一次?你可曾知道老图书馆正门上方镶的是中国图书馆祖师——老子的镂空雕像,而两边为青灯雕饰,寓意“青灯伴书卷”?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道老斋舍上的三排台阶都是九十五级,却被称为“百步梯”?你可曾知道“天地玄黄,宇宙洪荒,日月盈昃,辰宿列张”十六斋的命名来历?你可曾知道为纪念“六一惨案”中牺牲的三位武大学生,老斋舍三拱门依次名为如丰门,至德门,鸣岗门?你可曾知道那里至今仍残留着一片漆成的“血迹”,以示纪念?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道在梅园小操场旁一片掩映的樟树林中有一片鸢尾花,它比樱花更寂寞,却比樱花更绚烂,这片小花的主人,是塑在那里如花一样孤傲的李达,才高八斗,却只留下一个“主席救我”的纸条含冤而去?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道老图旁边武大之父--国立武汉大学第一任校长王世杰的塑像,武大的早期建筑便是在他任校长之时四处奔波中得以建成的,之后历任国民政府教育部长,外交部长等高官的他,建国后竟成了毛泽东笔下的第21号战犯?你可曾知道一生心系武大的他临终时,遗愿为死后墓碑上只镌刻“前国立武汉大学校长王雪艇先生之墓”,并将遗物赠与武汉大学?
身为武大一子,你可曾知道这一些?不管你现在答案如何,我们还有时间去填满这不知道的空白,不要让这空白递增了你们的距离。曾在这片厚重的土地上生活过的我们,怎能两手空空的离开?
曾听说武大人必做的四件事:在老图书馆上自习,去梅园小操场看电影,与恋人携手漫步情人坡,在樱园住一宿吧„„我们还有多少人在怀念,又在怀念什么呢?
-----------本文转载自:刘国强: 身为武大一子,你可曾知道? 用QQ邮箱阅读空间订阅刘国强 什么是阅读空间?
-----------本文转载自:王建峰: 转载:身为武大一子,你可曾知道? 用QQ邮箱阅读空间订阅王建峰 什么是阅读空间?
Let's look up at this memorial archway. It was built by alumni on the centennial anniversary of Wuhan University in 1993. The four octagonal columns in front welcome students from all directions; the cloud pattern on the head of the column indicates the profundity and nobility of the institution of higher learning. The six characters "national Wuhan University" on the front are said to have been written by Mr. Wang Shijie, the first president of national Wuhan University. The big character "Wen, FA, Li, Gong, Nong, Yi" behind it was the first six colleges of Wuhan University. The golden characters in front are the motto of Wuhan University, a famous university with a history of one hundred years: "self-improvement, perseverance, seeking truth and innovation". On the occasion of the centennial celebration of the founding of Wuhan University in 1993, former President Jiang Zemin wrote an inscription for Wuhan University: "carry forward the fine tradition and cultivate excellent talents".
Wuhan University has been known as a famous university for a hundred years. This is because its predecessor was the self-improvement school founded by Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang in 1893. It has a history of 110 years. National Wuhan University was officially named in July 1928
Now we call Wuhan University the new Wuhan University. Why? Because, at the turn of the century in 2000, with the approval of the State Council, the former Wuhan University, Wuhan University of water resources and electric power, Wuhan University of Surveying and mapping technology and Hubei Medical University merged to form a new Wuhan University. Lao Wu university is a famous university with a history of more than 110 years, and the three universities, namely, water conservancy and electric power university, Wuhan University of Surveying and mapping, and Hubei Medical University, are among the best in all fields in China and even in Asia. The combination of powerful and powerful also greatly enhanced the comprehensive strength of Wuhan University. Today we are going to visit the campus of Laowu University. There are not only teaching buildings, dormitories, supermarkets, food markets, primary schools, middle schools, banks and so on.
Now, please look to the right. This is the Luojia campus culture square that we built in 2000. It is the largest cultural square among colleges and universities in China. The grass, the winding path, this is our favorite place for college students. Do you think this building is a bit like Yingde college in meteor garden? It's the best college in Wuhan University, the Academy of life sciences? The anti SARS drugs of that year came from this college. The flower house like building in front is a laboratory of academician Yang Hongyuan, a famous plant reproductive biologist in China. In front of the square is the new library of Wuhan University. Built in 1985, it contains books on various aspects. How big is the library of your school? Now the library we see can hold more than 2500 students reading books at the same time. There are 22 different kinds of reading rooms, which not only provide books, but also magazines, newspapers and periodicals. Newspapers from a long time ago can be found here. It is open to students all day, which can be said to be a sea of knowledge for students of Wuhan University.
The lake in front of our car used to be called Weiming lake, but we know that Weiming lake is a patent of Peking University, so recently Wuhan University named it Jianhu. Why is it called Jianhu Lake? There is such a saying: it may come from an allusion between Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty and his minister Wei Zheng. When Wei Zheng died that year, Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty once said, "you can correct your clothes by taking copper as a mirror; you can know the rise and fall by taking history as a mirror; you can know the gains and losses by taking people as a mirror.". When the lake is calm, it is like a mirror, which can see my own reflection, so as to examine our hearts.
The place where we are now is "plum garden". Because Wuhan University covers a large area, it is divided into four districts, named after plants, namely cherry garden, cinnamon garden, plum garden and Maple Garden. In 1928, we planned, introduced and selected species. While protecting the original vegetation, we mobilized all the teachers and students to plant trees according to local conditions. Now the green area of Wuhan University is 2300 mu, accounting for 42% of the campus area. Now the campus can be said to be a beautiful botanical garden. The sea of cherry blossoms, the fragrance of osmanthus, the brilliance of maple and the romance of plum make the school beautiful
The garden decoration is full of vitality. Do you think Wuhan University is beautiful? The thick green shade not only beautifies the campus environment, but also regulates the campus climate. In the hot summer, riding a bicycle, sweating narrowly into the campus, you suddenly feel much cooler. You obviously feel that the temperature of the campus is 2 to 3 degrees lower than that of the urban area. It's also a kind of luck to live in Wuhan University, which is like an outdoor paradise.
Let's take a look at this grove. There is a statue in the middle. Guess who he is? He is Li Da, the first president of Wuhan University after the founding of the people's Republic of China, and also the president with the longest term. President Li is a representative of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the first propaganda minister of the Communist Party of China. He is a famous Marxist Leninist philosopher and a very close friend of Chairman Mao. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, Chairman Mao inspected only two universities, Tianjin University and Wuhan University. At that time, the president of Wuhan University was Mr. Li Da. Therefore, we often joke that Chairman Mao came to us to "do business for private purposes". Through this grove, now we come to the most unique and beautiful place of Wuda scenery - wind and rain playground. On September 12, 1958, grandfather Mao inspected more than 20000 representatives of teachers and students in Wuhan University. To commemorate this event, we changed the name of the stormy playground to "912 square". If we stand on the playground and look back, we can see the landmark administration building of Wuhan University. All the pictures and books are based on this building. Have you found that the buildings we see are different from the teaching buildings in other schools? That's because they are all early buildings from 1930 to 1936, which is also the most precious cultural heritage left by our predecessors to our future generations.
On the opposite side of the square is the Institute of science founded at the founding of Wuhan University. It is an octagonal wall dome with a typical Roman style building. The dome is also designed to resist the strong wind from the East Lake. The administrative building next to us is the former Institute of technology. Now the president of Wuhan University works here. It faces north and south, with square walls and four corner double eaves glass square roof, four groups of rooms facing the main symmetrical layout, is a Byzantine style of Chinese and Western fusion architecture. The ingenious and symmetrical design of the architecture of the Institute of science and the Institute of technology not only reflects the Chinese architectural concept of "a round sky and a round place", but also reflects the architect's overall grasp of the essence of eastern and Western culture. Pay close attention to it. On the wall of every old building, there is a bronze plate. This is awarded by Wuhan municipal government for the protection of excellent historical buildings. Such rich and concentrated excellent historical buildings are rarely displayed in a university in China. Therefore, on June 25, 2001, there were 15 26 early buildings in Wuhan University, which were approved by the State Council as the fifth batch of key cultural relics protection units in China. You may not be very clear about the national key cultural relics protection units. Let's take a few examples: the Forbidden City and the great wall are all national key cultural relics protection units. Now you may know the important position of these early buildings of Wuhan University in the whole country.
At this point, we must be very concerned about who chose such a good place? Who designed such an outstanding building? Our school site was selected by famous geologist Li Siguang and famous agronomist Ye Yage, They were members of the Preparatory Committee for the construction of Wuchang University. At the beginning, Luojia mountain belonged to the wilderness of Wuchang. But Li Lao and ye Yage rode donkeys to Luojia mountain to select the site. They were very familiar with the geographical environment of the suburbs of Wuchang. In their early years, they had the idea of building a university on the shore of the East Lake. After investigation, they decided to build a new campus in Luojia mountain area in 1928, which is close to the mountains and by the water, and the wind is strong With beautiful scenery, cheap land price, abundant earth and stone materials and water resources, far away from the downtown, it is a good place to concentrate on studying and learning, and also in line with the traditional Chinese culture of "benevolent people enjoy mountains, wise people enjoy water".
When it comes to designers, he has something to do with Li Siguang. He is a very good friend of Li Siguang - American Mr. Kells. Mr. Kells is really outstanding and can live up to people's expectations. When I was young, I studied at MIT
Later, he came to China and studied Chinese architecture very well. He just borrowed the scenery of the East Lake. Whether he looked at Luojia mountain from the south of the library or the little lion mountain from the north of the Institute of technology, he could see the beautiful scenery of Qionglou, Yuyu, Qingshan and Qingshui. Former president Dong Biwu once said, "the mountain of Luojia, the water of East Lake, the mountains are high and the water is long, the wind is beautiful." at that time, Mr. Li Siguang's site selection and the design of kaiers were unique.
When we talk about Luojia, the mountain on our left is Luojia mountain. We often talk about Luojia. Do you know what Luojia means? We have to talk about its origin first. What about before? It's called Luojiashan. Isn't this vulgar name not suitable for this university and the beautiful mountain scenery? Thanks to Mr. Wen Yiduo, he changed his words and didn't change his pronunciation. He replaced the vulgar name of the mountain with Luojia in Sanskrit, which is a magic weapon full of jewels, and foreshadowed the bright future of Wuda. He was also the first Dean of the school of Arts after the formal establishment of Wuhan University. Therefore, in memory of Mr. Zhang, we also built a bronze statue beside the College of Arts.
The tall building in front of us is the humanities Museum of Wuhan University, also known as Yifu Building. It was completed in 1990 with a donation of HK million from Run Run Run Shaw of Hong Kong and a grant of RMB 3.5 million from the State Education Commission. It can be said that it inherits the architectural style of Wuhan University in the past. The appearance of the building is in the shape of a mountain and penetrates through the corridor. The roof is made of green glazed tiles. The design is novel and the construction is excellent. Located in the central area of the school, it is a perfect combination of the old library and the administrative building, presenting a three legged posture. It overlooks the East Lake in the East, overlooks the Moshan in the distance. It is majestic and elegant. It has won the first prize of national architecture. Domestic architects praise it as "the most beautiful building in the most beautiful university campus in China", and it is also one of the top ten famous buildings in Wuhan. Now, Yifu Building is the office of teachers in the College of Arts and the Department of history. Therefore, the famous historian Mr. Jin Wu named it the Museum of humanities. The five words of the Museum of humanities on the door of the building were written by Shaw himself.
Now we are walking on the most famous cherry blossom avenue of Wuhan University. At the end of March and the beginning of April every year, it is the Cherry Blossom Festival of Wuhan University. The week-long Cherry Blossom Festival is not only full of flowers and visitors, but also has become a good place for people to enjoy cherry blossoms in spring. Do you know why cherry blossoms, a symbol of Japan, appear on Chinese campuses? This is because in 1938, Wuhan was surrounded by Japanese invaders on three sides, and Wuchang abandoned its defense. The Japanese stationed their headquarters in the old library above. The present building became the inpatient department of the Japanese army. In order to relieve the large number of Japanese wounded soldiers living here. At the same time, they also showed off their martial arts and long-term occupation, so they brought cherry saplings from Japan and planted them on the campus of Wuhan University. At present, cherry trees on both sides of Cherry Avenue are cultivated by garden workers of Wuhan University after liberation. There are more than 30 varieties of cherry trees on campus, such as Zaoying, chuizhiying, WANYING and Hongying. The building on the side of Cherry Blossom Avenue is the earliest student dormitory area of Wuhan University - "laozhaishe". Do you think it looks like the Potala Palace in Tibet? In fact, it is a glazed tile building imitating the Potala Palace in Tibet. The students all know that there is a famous saying that "there is a road in the book mountain, and work hard to do it", so this building is built along the mountain, with good sunshine conditions. When we go to laozhaishe, we can see the old library. Do you think it looks like a crown? It's a crown shaped building imitating the Forbidden City. It's the tallest building in our school and a symbol of the spirit of Wuhan University. That's because for every student, books are the source of knowledge. Above the gate is a hollow iron portrait of Laozi, the founder of Taoism. This is a test for all the students. Why is there a picture of Laozi. That's because according to historical records, Lao Tzu in the spring and Autumn period was the earliest librarian known in China. There are two schools of Arts and law on the two sides of the library. Can you guess which is the school of Arts and which is the school of law? As a matter of fact, the sloping roof is the school of Arts, which means literary talent is flying; on the contrary, the roof of the law school is flat, which means law is serious.
Now let's take a look at this brand: "the June 1 Massacre" site. If we look at the ground again, it seems that there are spots of blood. This is a historical witness of the revolutionary spirit of the heroic struggle of the teachers and students of Wuhan University. On May 20, 1947, the anti hunger, anti civil war and anti persecution student parade broke out in Nanjing. The Kuomintang reactionary army and police suppressed it and created a riot
When the news of the May 20 massacre spread to Wuhan University, patriotic students were filled with indignation and held a demonstration against the three evils. They put forward slogans such as we should eat and live. The revolutionary activities of the teachers and students of Wuhan University made the Kuomintang reactionaries panic. On May 28, the Wuhan police headquarters of the Kuomintang approved the list of progressive teachers and students, preparing to kill them all. In the early morning of June 1, the Kuomintang sent more than 1000 policemen and gendarmes to blockade and surround the campus, driving machine guns and pursuit guns at the commanding height, and the secret agents led the soldiers and police to search the dormitories of teachers and students with a blacklist. The awakened students bravely launched the rescue struggle. Some of them reasoned with the Kuomintang military and police agents, some splashed them with water, some got under the car and damaged the car, some broke the glass. The resistance of the students of Wuhan University angered the Kuomintang reactionaries, who began to slaughter the unarmed students. At the foot of Luojia mountain, there was a lot of smoke, bullet marks and blood on the road. Three students were shot and killed on the spot, with 3 seriously injured, 10 slightly injured, and 20 teachers, students and staff arrested. This is the "June 1" massacre that shocked China and foreign countries. The place where we are standing now is the place where the martyrs died. The blood of the martyrs has dyed the steps here red. Every year, Wuhan University will dye the blood again to encourage the students to study hard and work hard. We also need to know that our happy life is not easy to get. Now here is Kunpeng square, which is very famous in Wuda. Kunpeng is an animal that looks like both fish and bird. It can not only soar in the air, but also travel thousands of miles. This sculpture is Kunpeng, just like the book on the front of the stone carving: "the north sky is deep and wide, the Kunpeng wings hang in the sky, the cloud is 90000, and the water is 3000." Every year when the graduates leave school, they take a group photo here to commemorate their starting point. Next to it is the old gymnasium of Wuhan University. It was built in 1937 and donated by Li Shaoji, the son of Li Yuanhong, who was the president of the Republic of China. Because Li Yuanhong was named Song Qing, it is also called "Song Qing Gymnasium". In 1947, the memorial ceremony for the June 1 massacre of Wuhan University was held here. Xiuyu hall is a baroque building, which is also a typical Chinese and Western architecture. It is divided into two floors, a total area of 2500 square meters, upstairs is the basketball court, downstairs is the gym.
Dear students, time flies. The garden university has finished its tour. What's your impression of Wuhan University? I'm very happy to spend this wonderful time with you. Finally, I sincerely hope that you can become a member of Wuhan University in the future.
武汉“地当天下之中”,若以武汉为圆心,以1000公里为半径,北京、天津、青岛、上海、厦门、台北、广州、南宁、成都、西安、太原均在圆周线左右。武汉恰置中国经济地图的中心。
武汉又是中国内河航运枢纽。亚洲第一大河长江,冲决巴山群峰,接纳潇湘云水,在三楚腹地的龟蛇逼锁处,接纳其最大支流汉江。所谓“江汉西来于此会,朝宗东去不须分”。江汉交会奠定了武昌、汉口、汉阳三镇鼎立的自然基础。充沛而又广延的长江水系,使这里“占水道之便,擅舟楫之利”。清初思想家熊伯龙称汉口为“九省通衢之地”。《大清一统志》说“汉镇适当五达之行”。《汉口业谈》则谓“七省要道”、“九省通衢”。后人沿用“通衢”说而不辍,因为它反映了近古至近代交通地理的实情。当代交通走势、物资聚散情形发生变化,武汉也在新格局中再造其水、陆、空“通衢”地位。
长江、汉江穿行武汉。诗仙李白赞之日“江城”;东湖、南湖、月湖、马沧湖等湖泊星罗棋布,人称“湖中城,城中湖”。淡水是人类生存发展的首要资源,重要性只有空气可与比拟,连石油都不能并肩。而武汉是中国富水区集结点,水域率、湖泊率居全国城市首位,人均淡水拥有量居世界各大城市前列,这为武汉提供了巨大的发展潜力。至于江河行地之雄阔,湖光山色之娟秀,更使楚风汉韵兼具壮丽与柔美,因而古今文豪吟咏此地的诗文,豪放与婉约辉映,激慨与幽怀并蓄。
具有优越地理条件的武汉,是一座古老而又年轻的城市,其进程如同长江奔腾,不舍昼夜。早在8000―6000年前新石器时代早、中朝,就有先民在此繁衍生息。3500年前,商朝在今黄陂区府河北岸筑城,揭开城史帷幕。经城堡时期到镇邑时期的发展,江夏(今武昌)、汉阳自三国以降,既是兵家必争的四战之地,又是商贾往来、士民聚居的通都大邑;汉口在明中叶崛起,清初即跻身全国“四大镇”、“四大聚”之列。19世纪60年代汉口开埠,清末张之洞治鄂,武汉进入近代都会时期,工商业发展规模真追上海。正由于近代文明的积淀、蕴蓄,这里成为辛亥革命首义之区。民国初年,孙中山著《建国方略》,勾勒中国现代化建设蓝图,对武汉有“世界最大的都市之一”、“中国最重要之商业中心”、“中国本部铁路系统之中心”、中国内地开放之“顶水点”、规划“略如纽约、伦敦之大”的殷殷期待。20世纪50年代,这里是全国有数的工业建设基地之一,武钢等一批大型企业巍然屹立,使武汉进一步确立了中国内陆首屈一指的经济强市地位。20世纪80年代以来,改革开放使武汉驶入现代化建设快车道,沌口汽车城、东湖高新技术开发区、中国光谷崛起,水道、铁路、公路、航空线纵横交织,展示了武汉作为华中主要发展极、中国中部地区开放型、多功能中心城市的宏伟前景。
武汉是文化底蕴深厚的城市,优雅、丰赡的楚文化是其深广根系。近代以来,文教科技又获长足进展,今日的科教综合实力,居全国各大城市第三位,拥有各类科研机构687家,专业技术人员45万,武汉大学、华中科技大学等34所高等院校,在校大学生34万以上。武汉东湖周边是中国有数的智力密集区之一,通讯、生物工程、激光、微电子技术和新材料技术走在全国前列,人文社会科学实力雄厚,富有特色。
国家于20世纪80年代实施沿海沿江发展战略,武汉1992年成为沿江对外开放城市,其江海枢纽功能突现;1999年开始实施西部发展战略,武汉上衔横空出世之昆仑,下联明月生辉的碧海,其承东启西战略支点的地位日渐彰显。作为正在兴起的五大产业基地(钢材及新材料基地、光电子信息产业基地、现代制造业基地、生物技术及新医药产业基地、环保产业基地)、五大功能中心(华中科教中心、华中金融商贸中心、华中物流中心、华中旅游目的地和集散中心、华中信息中心),武汉充满空前的活力。而放眼未来,武汉因其区位优势明显、淡不资源丰富、交通发达、腹地市场广阔、科教实力雄厚,更被海内外有识之士称作21世纪世界最有发展前途的超级城市之一。
武汉,白云黄鹤的故乡,梅花迸放的江城,从幽远的历史走出,正迈向辉煌的未来!
东湖位于武昌东郊,取其方位命名为东湖风景区,现为国家级风景区,由郭郑湖、水果湖、喻家湖、汤湖、牛巢湖五个湖泊组成。它是一个自然湖,自然环境优越,在4.8万亩的水域中,生长着鱼类十八科六十七种,淡水鱼中以武昌鱼最为名贵。武昌鱼是鳊鱼的一种,是鄂州市梁子湖的特产,鄂州古称武昌,所以俗名为武昌鱼。东湖年产鱼500余万斤。
东湖主要游览点为寓言园,音乐喷泉,行吟阁,长天楼,九女墩,湖光阁,磨山新景区。
寓言园是全国第一座以中国古代寓言故事为题材的雕塑园,位于东湖听涛区的南端,占地4.4公顷,已建成狐假虎威,愚公移山,自相矛盾等十一组寓言雕塑。行吟阁位于东湖西北岸中部的小岛上,1955年修建,它四面环水,由荷风、落羽两桥与陆路相连。阁名出自《楚辞・渔父》:屈原既放,游于江潭,竹吟泽畔。阁系钢筋混凝土仿木结构,高22.5米,平面呈正方形,三层四角攒尖顶,古色古香。行吟阁雄健俏丽,颇富民族风韵。阁前立屈原全身塑像,像高3.6米,基座高3.2米,造型端庄凝重,屈原翘首向天,款款欲步。
屈原名平(公元前340―前278年),战国时期秭归人,是一位杰出的政治家,伟大的爱国诗人。初辅楚怀王,做过三闾大夫。他向楚怀王提出一系列正确的的治国方针,对内实行举贤授能的进步政策,对外实行联齐抗秦的战略主张,使楚国雄踞南方,一度强盛,后遭小人谗言离间,楚怀王疏远屈原,将其放逐汉北。楚襄王继位后更加昏庸,将屈原放逐到更远的江南,永远不得过问朝政。公元前278年,秦国攻破楚国都城,在江南过了二十年流浪生活的屈原,已是六十二年,他目睹国破家亡,满怀悲愤,于农历五月初五,投汨罗江而死。长天楼,是一所具有民族特色的宫殿式建筑,1956年修建,为砖木水泥结构,翠瓦飞檐,分上下两层,面阔七间,进深两间。全楼可容纳千人同时就餐品茗,游人凭窗远眺,碧波万顷,有落霞与孤鹜齐飞,秋水共长天一色之感。
九女墩,位于东湖西北小山丘上,相传太平天国占领武昌时不少妇女参军,后清军攻陷城池大肆屠杀,有女兵九人,壮烈牺牲。乡人仰慕她们的英烈,将其遗骨合葬于此,因避清廷迫害,故不称坟而称墩。1956年,湖北省将此定为省级文物保护单位。
磨山位于东湖东岸,三面环水,六峰相连,山水相依,素有十里长湖,八里磨山之称。山北有以楚文化为内涵的楚文化游鉴区;山南有以湖水地区植物为主的十三个植物专类园;西部山头有纪念朱德为东湖题词的朱碑亭。磨山景区从北开始,依次建有楚天极目、天台晨曦、常春花苑、朱碑耸萃等四景。是武汉市民假日休闲的好去处。
Ladies and gentlemen: Hello! Welcome to Wuhan, a beautiful city of rivers. Today we are going to visit the Red Mansion, the famous site of the 1911 Revolution.
Before arriving at the Red Mansion, please allow me to briefly introduce the general situation of the Red Mansion.
As the "thoroughfare of nine provinces" and the "hub of North and South China", Wuhan plays an important role in military affairs. The 1911 Revolution, which overthrew the feudal monarchy for more than 2000 years, is also the journey from Wuhan to change Chinese history. Therefore, Wuhan is known as the first place of the 1911 Revolution.
. The revolution of 1911 made great achievements in "overthrowing the monarchy and establishing the Republic". Wuchang, as the first place of the revolution of 1911, has remained in China for thousands of years.
At the south end of Shouyi road in Wuchang, in the shade of the north end of Yuemachang, there are a group of red buildings. Because of its red walls and red tiles, the people of the Han Dynasty affectionately call it the red building. This is the former site of the Hubei military governor's office of the military government of the Republic of China. The whole courtyard covers an area of 18000 square meters, with a construction area of more than 6000 square meters. Honglou was built in 1910, the predecessor of which was the Hubei Provincial Consultative Bureau set up by the Qing government to play with the "constitutional" scam. On October 10, 1911, the Wuchang Uprising broke out. The next day, revolutionaries and uprising soldiers gathered in the Hubei Provincial Advisory Bureau and announced the establishment of the Hubei military government with Li Yuanhong as its governor
The first notice announced the abolition of Xuantong year of the Qing Dynasty, called on all provinces to respond to the Wuchang Uprising and establish the Republic of China, thus opening the epoch-making "door of the Republic of China".
In the center of the square stands a bronze statue of Sun Yat Sen, which was cast in 1931. Mr. Sun Yat Sen stands facing south, wearing a long gown and mandarin jacket, holding a staff in his left hand and a hat in his right. Gaze into the distance. At the south end of the monument is Li Yuanhong's memorial to Huang Xing. The monument is square in shape, protruding on all sides, with a cone at the top. It is sharp and upward. It has a kind of spirit of "piercing the green sky but not remaining". On the wall of the red chamber memorial hall is a plaque inscribed by Song Qingling, the honorary president of the people's Republic of China, "the former site of the military government of the Wuchang Uprising.". The main building of the red building is a two-story building of red brick and wood structure, with a width of 73 meters and a depth of 42 meters. The style is elegant and solemn: granite platform, red brick wall, columns in front of the corridor, flying head under the eaves and parapet on the eaves. The exterior wall is built with brick and decorated with false columns, column heads, hanging flowers, hanging grasses and lotus patterns. In the middle of the roof stands the "Gui" - shaped watchtower (originally a dome, which was destroyed by Qing artillery shells on December 1, 1911). The plan of the main building is in the shape of "mountain". There are prominent porches and return lanes in front of the building. The front and two wings are the foyer and office. The center of the rear is the hall.
A series of venues, such as the gate of the military government, the hall of the military government, Li Yuanhong's living room and reception room, Sun Yat Sen's reception room in Hubei, Huang Xing's conference room for holding military conferences, and the Secretariat of the military government where Song Jiaoren drafted the draft of the interim Treaty of the PRC and the Republic of China in Ezhou, were restored in the memorial hall. The mysterious and solemn historical scene of that year was reappeared, and the tense and hot atmosphere condensed in it The fierce fighting atmosphere deeply affected every visitor. A large number of detailed historical materials vividly reflect the first uprising of Wuchang and the revolution of 1911, which can not only increase visitors' understanding of the history of the Republic of China, but also enhance their admiration for Dr. Sun Yat Sen. Although the story of President Sun Yat sen in London is vivid, it weakens the image of Dr. Sun Yat Sen as a professional revolutionary. In order to overthrow the feudal monarchy, Dr. Sun Yat Sen traveled all over the world to publicize the revolution and devoted himself to organizational construction. He also directly led the anti Qing uprising in Qinlian and Huanghuagang. He was indeed a great pioneer of China's democratic revolution. The success of Wuchang's first righteousness is naturally attributed to Sun Wen. Han people's understanding of Huang Xing
There are still Huangxing Road and Baijiang stage, and Huang Xing's memorial bronze statue on the hillside of the Yellow Crane Tower theater. The people of Jiangcheng have not forgotten that he went to Wuhan at the critical moment when the Dragon had no head and the city was about to be destroyed. They have not forgotten that he was "ordered to be in danger" in the battle of Yangxia, devoted himself to the great cause of the Republic, and followed Zhongshan in the revolution of 1911 Mr. Wang's many wonderful achievements and painstaking efforts to establish the Republic of China.
On September 25, 1911, during the revolution of 1911, Rong County became independent, and a military government was established to exercise military, political, financial and cultural power. The military government was set up in the county office. The former site (behind the office building of the people's Government) consists of three halls, back halls and wing rooms on both sides of the old county office. It is of timber structure, with bucket beam and single eaves. The two halls are combined, with a corridor in front, 1.6 meters wide. It covers a total area of 700 square meters. This is the exhibition room of the independent history of Rongxian county during the revolution of 1911. It is a provincial-level cultural relic protection unit. On the eaves of the main hall of the exhibition hall, there is a plaque inscribed by Hu Yaobang on "the site of the former Rongxian military government, the first righteousness of the 1911 Revolution"; on the front of the hall, there are portraits of Wu Yuzhang, long Mingjian, Wang Tianjie and Pu Xun; the cultural relics include wooden "water and electricity newspaper" (copy), saber, iron spear, historical notice and photo, etc. There are flowers and trees in the hospital, and the environment is quiet.
Well, we are here. Now, please come down with me to visit!
Please see, the building in front of us is the former site of the governor's office of the Hubei army and the main building of the memorial hall. It was originally the Hubei Advisory Bureau established by the Qing government, and its architectural style imitated the Western parliament building. In front of the building is Tongxin square, which means "a new cross-strait, peaceful reunification"; behind the building is the member's residence; there are also East and West buildings, among which the East building is dedicated to display more than 300 pieces of 1911 cultural relics, many of which are rare treasures in the world.
Today, we mainly visit two basic exhibitions of the memorial: one is the restoration exhibition of the former site of the governor's residence of the Hubei army, which is arranged in the red building; the other is the exhibition of the historical records of the Wuchang Uprising of the 1911 Revolution, which is arranged in the xipeilou.
OK, now please follow me to the red chamber to visit the exhibition of site restoration!
Now we are in the conference hall of the governor's office of the Hubei army, which used to be the conference hall of the Advisory Council. In the middle of the rostrum, we can see a flag. It is called the eighteen star flag. It is the military flag of the Wuchang Uprising. After the founding of the Republic of China, the eighteen star flag was moved to the army flag of the Republic of China. The 18 yellow stars on the flag represent the Chinese people of the 18 provinces in Shanhaiguan. The red background is blood, and the black background is iron and weapon. The theme and symbolic meaning is that the Chinese people of the 18 provinces unite to overthrow the rule of the Qing Dynasty with "iron spirit", that is, force. The Proclamation on the left of the 18 star flag is the first proclamation issued by Li Yuanhong after he was promoted as the governor. It is the first Proclamation The release of the Internet has played a certain role in stabilizing people's minds.
There is a picture on the right side of taikou, which shows that Dr. Sun Yat Sen was welcomed by all walks of life during his visit to Hubei in April 1912. In April 1912, Sun Yat Sen first visited Hubei after resigning from the post of interim president. On April 10, Dr. Sun Yat Sen delivered a speech here.
This is the Ministry of foreign affairs. Hu Ying, a member of the revolutionary party, was a former minister. It was one of the nine ministries (military orders, staff officers, military affairs, internal affairs, foreign affairs, transportation, financial management, justice and establishment) set up by the governor's office of the Hubei army after October 25, 1911. It is an important symbol of the Hubei military governor's office acting on behalf of the central government. At the beginning of its establishment, the military government issued diplomatic notes to the five consulates in Hankou, calling for the recognition of the Republic of China. But the five countries have been slow to give a reply. It was not until October 17, when the people's army and the Qing army launched a fierce battle in liujiamiao, Hankou, and the people's army won a complete victory, that the five countries saw the strength of the revolutionaries. Therefore, they issued a notice recognizing that the people's army and the Qing army were equal entities and that they remained neutral. In fact, the notice recognized the status of the civil army and was a blow to the Qing Dynasty. Of course, this announcement was only a piece of paper later, because the five countries secretly helped Yuan Shikai win the presidency. It can be seen that these capitalist countries are very reluctant to see China take the road of independent capitalism.
OK, next, let's go to xipeilou to visit the "exhibition of historical relics of Wuchang Uprising", which is divided into seven parts and nine halls.
From Wuhan in the late Qing Dynasty, the birth of the Wuchang Uprising, to the outbreak of the Wuchang Uprising, the establishment of the governor's office of the Hubei army, to the founding of the Republic of China, and now the commemoration of the first righteousness of Wuhan. The panorama shows the history and influence of Wuchang Uprising.
After the Opium War, the great powers set off a frenzy to carve up China, and Wuhan, known as the "thoroughfare of nine provinces", was not spared. Since the establishment of British concession in Hankou in 1961, Germany, France, Russia, Japan and other countries have come one after another. Taking the concession as a stronghold, they invaded and infiltrated Hubei politically, militarily and culturally. At the same time, the crisis of feudal rule was deepening day by day. In the face of internal and external troubles, the ruling class has some insightful people, among whom Zhang Zhidong, governor of Huguang, is one. In order to turn the tide around, he began to carry out the "Hubei new deal" in Hubei, which was widely heard at home and abroad. The main idea was "Chinese style and Western application", which was based on Chinese traditional feudal moral thought and used western advanced scientific and technological means to maintain the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty.
After the defeat of the Sino Japanese War of 1894-1895, Zhang Zhidong was deeply stimulated. In order to strengthen his military strength, he began to establish a "new army" in Hubei Province. In addition to the characteristics of weapons and clothing, Zhang Zhidong also strongly advocated that scholars should serve as soldiers. It became a fashion at that time to join the army. This foreshadowed the revolutionary party's propaganda and agitation of the new army uprising in the new army. Zhang Zhidong's "New Deal" in Hubei objectively prepared conditions for China's change. After a series of setbacks, the revolutionaries embarked on a more pragmatic road. Many revolutionaries participated in the uprising. On the eve of the Wuchang Uprising, one third of the 15000 new army in Hubei were revolutionaries.
After the success of the Wuchang Uprising, the revolutionaries immediately established the governor's office of the Hubei army, elected Li Yuanhong, the former commander of the 21st mixed Association of the Qing army, as the governor, and announced the establishment of the Republic of China. After hearing the news, the Qing government was greatly shocked, and sent army Minister Yin Chang and navy commander SA Zhenbing to lead the waterway army to Wuhan. Yuan Shikai was reappointed to command the army to attack Wuhan. After the establishment of the military government, the army was immediately expanded to prepare for war. Wuhan citizens enthusiastically joined the army. Within three days, 30000 people were recruited and went to battle with the Qing army without training. Because the people's army relied on the streets and alleys of Hankou to block everywhere, Feng Guozhang, the commander of the Qing army, ordered the burning of Hankou, turning the prosperous market into scorched earth.
After hearing the news of the uprising, Huang Xing, a member of the revolutionary party, disguised himself all the way and took a boat to Wuhan to deploy a counterattack against the Qing army. After that, Li Yuanhong appointed Huang Xing as the strategic commander-in-chief to be responsible for the defense of Yangxia. The wax figure of Huang Xing, made by clay figurine Zhang, reflects the situation of the governor in those days. Although the battle ended with the withdrawal of the civilian army in Wuchang, the civilian army held on for 14 days with more than 10000 people, which reduced the obstacles for the independence of other provinces and won time. It can be said that "victory in defeat" means "victory in defeat".
The Wuchang Uprising received corresponding support from most provinces in China, first from Hunan and Shaanxi, and then from Jiangxi, Shanxi, Yunnan and other provinces. In 1911, Sun Yat Sen returned from abroad and became the provisional president of the Republic of China on New Year's day in 1912. On February 12, 1912, the Qing emperor issued an imperial edict to abdicate, ending the feudal monarchy that ruled China for more than 2000 years.
Wuhan, as the "area of Shouyi", can still find the mark brought by that revolution today; there are many traces of Shouyi and various Memorial facilities. Sun Zhiqiang, sun Zongshan's grandson, wrote down "the door of the Republic of China" during his visit to the Red Mansion, which shows the position of the governor's office of the Hubei army in the 1911 Revolution.
Well, that's the end of today's explanation of the red chamber. Thank you for your support and cooperation in my work. At the same time, if I have any shortcomings in my work, please forgive me and put forward some valuable suggestions. It's free time now. We'll meet outside the Red Mansion in 40 minutes. In the afternoon, we will continue our happy journey!
从飞机上往下看,白云上是蓝蓝的天,看上去好舒服呀。从天上向下看,根本看不见人,那些大树像橡皮一样大。
离开了机场,我们就住在黄鹤楼的对面,前面就是“一桥飞架南北”的长江大桥。这里环境幽雅进来出去的道路周围都是树。从楼上向下看,好想像小鸟张开翅膀飞下去。晚上的时候,就听见火车从桥上飞速而去。桥下不时有轮船鸣笛而过。
早上起来,参观黄鹤楼,从前面看到后面,感觉气势宏伟。黄鹤楼下还有两样东西让我感兴趣,一只乌龟一只鹤。鹤是神仙骑的,崔灏的诗“黄鹤一去不复返,白云千载空悠悠”说的就是这事。乌龟呢,说是和大禹治水有关,我们住宿的地方是龟山,迎面相对的是蛇山。
第二天我们去抗金英雄岳飞亭。在这里我看见了许多古装衣服,我试穿了一件。我还拿了一把剑,这把剑可不是假的,它很重可以割伤人呢。岳飞亭中有一面石碑,上面刻录者岳飞的事迹。周围的花草树木围着岳飞的巨型雕像。看岳飞的样子,好象在说:“莫等闲,白了少年头,空悲切。”
这里东湖的名声早已如雷灌耳。这里有千古诗人屈原的纪念亭,有十二生肖的雕像,有武昌鱼……水里有很多观赏鱼,我买了鱼饲料撒下去,就看见大大小小的鱼涌过来,有的还是红白两色的鱼。再走十几步就来到一个小小的美丽之地,这里有很多梅花树,有茂盛的小草,还有洁净的湖水。正是美丽极了。再走几步,我们就来到一棵大树下,树下放着一张公共长椅,很干净。说明这里的人很文明,爱护环境。
武汉真美呀!让人心情舒畅。就连天空看起来也是那么的美。白云黄鹤的故乡真是名不虚传啊!
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