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At a distance of 50 km northwest of Beijing stands an arc-shaped cluster of hills fronted by a s
At a distance of 50 km northwest of Beijing stands an arc-shaped cluster of hills fronted by a small plain. Here is where 13 emperors of the Ming dynasty (1368-1644) wre buried, and the area is known as the Ming Tombs.
Construction of the tombs started in 1409 and ended with the fall of the Ming Dynasty in 1644. In over 200 years tombs were built over an area of 40 square kilometres, which is surrounded by walls totalling 40 kilometres. Each tomb is located at the foot of a separate hill and is linked with the other tombs by a road called the Sacred Way. The stone archway at the southern end of the Sacred Way, built in 1540, is 14 metres high and 19 metres wide, and is decorated with designs of clouds, waves and divine animals.
Beijing served as the national capital during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties. Unlike Ming and Qing rulers who all built massive tombs for themselves, Yuan rulers left no similar burial grounds. Why the difference?
This has to do with people's different views on death. Beijing nomads came from the Mongolian steppe. Mongols who established the Yuan Dynasty held the belief that they had come from: earth. they adopted a simple funeral method: the dead was placed inside a hollowed nanmu tree, which was then buried under grassland. Growth of grass soon left no traces of the tombs.
By contrast, during the Ming Dynasty established by Han Chinese coming from an agricultural society in central China, people believed the existence of an after-world, where the dead "lived" a life similar to that of the living. Ming emperor, therefore, has grand mausoleums built for themselves. Qing rulers did likewise.
The stone archway at the southern end of the Sacred Way, built in 1540, is 14 metres high and 19 metres wide, and is decorated with designs of clouds, waves and divine animals. Well-proportioned and finely carved, the archway is one of the best preserved specimens of its kink in the Ming Dynasty. It is also the largest ancient stone archway in China.
The Stele Pavilion, not far from the Great Palace Gate, is actually a pavilion with a double-eaved roof. On the back of the stele is carvedpoetry written by Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty when he visited the Ming Tombs.
The Sacred Way inside the gate of the Ming Tomb is lined with 18 pairs of stone human figures and animals. These include four each of three types of officials: civil, military and meritorious officials, symbolizing those who assist the emperor in the administration of the state, plus four each of six iypes of animals: lion, griffin, camel, elephant, unicorn and horse.
Yongling, built in 1536, is the tomb for Emperor Shizong, Zhu Houcong (1507-1566). He stayed in power for 45 years.
The Dingling Tomb is the tomb of Emperor Wanli (reigned 1573-1619), the 13th emperor of the Ming Dynasty, whose personal name was Zhu Yijun, and of his two empresses, Xiao Duan and Xiao Jing. The tomb was completed in six years (1584-1590), it occupies a total area of 1,195 square meters at the foot of Dayu Mountain southwest of the Changling Tomb.
Emperor Xianzong, Zhu Jianshen, and his three empresses are entombed within Maoling. Zhu Jianshen (1447-1487) was the first son of Emperor Yingzong. He stayed in power for 22 years.
We have covered some of the most significant tombs of the 13 Ming tombs in the tour. If you are also interested in the other tombs, the best way is to come and experience yourself.
Changling is the tomb of emperor Yongle (reigned 1403-1424), the third emperor of the Ming Dynasty whose personal name was Zhu Di, and of his empress. Built in 1413, the mausoleum extends over an area of 100,000 square metres. The soul tower, which tells people whose tomb it is, rests on a circular wall called the "city of treasures" which surrounds the burial mound. The "city of treasures" at Changling has a length of more than a kilometre.
The underground palace at Dingling Tomb consists of an antechamber, a ceniral chamber and a rear chamber plus the left and right annexes. One of the pictures shows the central chamber where the sacrificial utensils are on display. Two marble doors are made of single slabs and carved with life-size human figures, flowers and birds. More than 3,000 articles have been unearthed from the tumulus, the most precious being the golden crowns of the emperor and his queen.
Good evening everyone. I am very much honored that I have chance to give all of you this tripDguiding of Hunan Business College. My name is Wang Nan. who is an initiative boy from Guangdong province. My job is to smooth you way care for your welfare and assist you in whatever way I can during your stay in ChangSha. Now I would like to introduce to you Mr.yang our drive. His bus number is湘J123456.If you needs any help please don’t hesitate to let us know. We will try to do our very best to make your stay a pleasant one. We really appreciate your understanding and cooperation.
As the old saying goes:“Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand” but in my opinion Hunan business college give us a sense that after studying here we can have wisdom in mind and money in hand at the same time!Ok just a joke. Today I‘d like to show you some excellent landscapes of my alma mater. First please aloud me to show you some information about Hunan Business College.
Hunan Business College is a governmentDsponsored full time college one of the colleges and universities specially supported overall economic and social development in HuNan province. Located in ChangSha;the capital city of HuNan the college covers a total area of 800 mu and the floor space about 400 kilometers square meters. Convenient transportation and equipment add to the charm of the college.
Despite our great accomplishment we are still a “developing school” especially in the area of tourism. Years ago for example there were virtually no tour groups in our school but today tourism has grown 0 leaps and bounds. We are building more facilities and training more personnel to serve the growing numbers of people who are eager to visit Hunan Business College. Our long tradition of hospitality is legendary. We hope that your visit to Hunan Business College will be one of your special memories. Thank you!
Morning everybody after a good night sleep we are going to visit an amazing building which is filled with Knowledge.Dthe library building.
A criticism often heard these days is that the subjects taught in schools tend to be too academic;However I am in favor of the opinion that man does not live 0 bread alone knowledge can enrich our lives and make us feel that we are part of the great family of mankind. In brief this marvelous building will give us wonderful affection so what we are waiting for?Let’s have a 0DmeterDcontect with this erection. This library was set up in 1990. She receive a copy of almost every publication produced in the china. The collection includes 1.5 million items in most known languages30 thousand new items are incorporated every year. We house manuscripts maps newspapers magazines prints and drawings music scores and patents With the rapidly development of our school the equipment of library is better and better 0 step and step.
This morning we are going to visit the Jing Palace.
The Jing Palace is located on the northwest suburbs of Hunan Business College about 0.5 kilometers away from the library. So it will take us about 5 minutes to get there. Before we arrived at the Jing Palace I would like to introduce you a brief introduction of this wonderful garden.
The Jing Palace is the most beautiful and the largest garden existing in college
The Jing Palace was first built as an comfortDgarden in the late 1990s The construction continued during the 20th century. Last year the building of gardens reached its culmination. In the middle of the garden a small mountain is standing there full of trees and lights. You can enjoy this good place any time. As a consequence many lovers pay a visit to here which is also a sensational seeing of Jing Palace. Ok I will give all of you half an hour to catch a sight of this microcosm we will meet here 30 minutes later I hope you will enjoy your visit. Thank you all.
After a meal and some rest we are on the way to the statuary of the most famous teacher in the history of chinaDKong Zi. Firstly I’d like to give you some information about this educationalist who is also have reputation all over the world.
Kong Zi is the builder of the Ru religion. He was born in the country named Lu. 0 the time he was young his father died as a consequence he have no money to come to the school. however he study 0 himself and dig the knowledge about the life and society. Ru religion is set up 0 Kongzi Which is also one of the most important religions in China.
This statuary is 5.29 meters high made 0 copper showing enlightenment and majesty. The varnish is shining luridly. I am sure all of you will enjoy this statuary.
Ladies and Gentlemen you must be very tired 0 now. No arrangement will be made for this evening. Tomorrow morning I will take you all to the airport. This is the hotel we will leave in tonight. Your morning call will be at 7:00 .then we‘ll have breakfast at 8:00. Thank so much to your cooperation and collaboration. I also wish that my OneDday guiding can make your staying in Hunan Business College pleasant and enjoyable. Please give the best regards of everybody of our corporation to your family.
May be we can see each other again some time. At last I hope that your visit to Hunan Business College will be a memorable experience. Thank you!
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