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第一篇：中山陵俄语导游词
各位游客：我们现在来到了中山陵。它于1920_年1月15日破土动工，历时三年多，耗资220余万银元，于1920_年春竣工。孙先生的遗体是1920_年6月1日从北京运抵这里的。整个陵区的面积达83600多平方米，主要建筑由牌坊、墓道、陵门、碑亭、祭台和墓室等组成。根据吕彦直的设计，整个陵区平面呈警钟形，给人以警钟长鸣、发人深醒的启迪。孙中山先生在临终遗嘱中说，他致力于国民革命四十年，深知欲达到此目的，必须唤起民众。吕彦直的警钟形设计，寓意深刻，最贴切地表达了“唤起民众”之意。
中山陵作为一座陵墓，吕彦直在设计上继承了我国传统的陵墓建筑风格，如依山为陵，保留牌坊、墓道、陵门、碑亭、祭堂等中国古代陵墓中常用的基本建筑格局，但又剔除了古代帝王陵墓中属于封建糟粕一类的东西，如摒弃用于显示古代帝王威严的石人石兽，同时吸取西方建筑的一些先进技艺。整个构思的确称得上是古为今用，洋为中用，别具匠心，巧夺天工。
各位朋友，孙中山先生一生为革命奋斗，推翻了两千多年的封建帝制，晚年又采取联俄联共扶助农工三大政策，建立了伟大的功勋，也赢得了中外进步人士的广泛拥戴和颂扬。解放后，中山陵受到国家高度重视，1961年被国务院公布为国家级文物保护单位。
如今，作为“中国旅游胜地四十佳”之一的中山陵，每年接待着来自世界各地的无数炎黄子孙与国际友人。人们怀着对中山先生伟大精神的崇敬与景仰来到这里凭吊拜谒。在两岸统一成为大势所趋、人心所向的今天，面对目前海峡两岸的现状，海内外炎黄子孙都衷心期盼着祖国统一、繁荣昌盛的那一天早日到来。彼时彼刻，倘若孙中山先生泉下有知，必会含笑长眠的。谢谢大家!
第二篇：中山陵俄语导游词
各位朋友，来到一座历史文化名城，你们一定想去看看当地最有名气、最具特色的景点吧。到了南京，如果没去中山陵，可以说你只看到了半个南京城。尽管南京素有"六朝古都"之称，拥有"金陵四十景"等众多名胜古迹，但中山陵无疑是其中最具吸引力、最有知名度的一个。
说起中山陵，当然要提到它的主人--伟大的中国民主革命先行者孙中山先生。孙先生本名孙文，字逸仙。外国友人都称呼他为"孙逸仙博士"。因为他在日本从事革命活动时曾用过"中山樵"的化名，所以他在国内被尊称为孙中山先生。孙中山1866年11月12日出生于广东香山县(今中山市)翠亨村的一个农民家庭。他少有大志，先后求学于檀香山、香港等地，毕业后在广州、澳门等地行医。后来他弃医从政，并于1920xx年在日本组织中国同盟会，被推举为总理，提出了"驱除按虏，恢复中华，建立民国，平均地权"的著名纲领，及"民族、民权、民生"的三民主义学说。1920xx年10月10日武昌起义爆发后，孙先生被十七省代表推举为中华民国临时大总统，并于次年元旦在南京宣誓就职。此后，经历了"袁世凯窃国""二次革命""护国运动""护法运动"等风风雨雨，1920xx年他在广州就任中华民国非常大总统。在1920xx年1月广州召开的中国国民党第一次全国代表大会上，他将旧三民主义发展为新三民主义，提出了"联俄联共扶助农工"的三大政策。同年11月他应冯玉祥之邀抱病北上讨论国家大计，终因积劳成疾，于1920xx年3月12日在北京逝世。
中山陵的墓址是孙先生生前选定的。这里视野开阔，气象雄伟，的确是建造陵墓的好地方。你们也许会问;孙先生出生于广东，逝世在北京，毕生为革命奔波于各地，为什么要选择南京作为自己的长眠之地呢?
第三篇：中山陵英语导游词
In the early morning of April 24, the second and third field armies of theChinese people's Liberation Army crossed the Yangtze River and entered Nanjing.At that time, the Kuomintang troops in Nanjing had retreated. After the PLA'sleading troops entered the city, they pursued forward. They found that there wasanother Kuomintang army in the cemetery, but this army was not a regular army ofthe Kuomintang, but a guard guard guarding Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum. Afterlearning of this situation, the superior leaders of the people's Liberation Armythought that the Gongwei troops guarding Zhongshan Mausoleum should be differentfrom the Kuomintang troops participating in the civil war. Then, the 105thdivision of the second field army sent a regiment political commissar LiuZhicheng to lead a group of soldiers into the cemetery. After arriving at thecemetery, they negotiated with fan Liang and other persons in charge of theGongwei office. Both sides unanimously decided that the people's Liberation Armywould be stationed in Zhongshan Mausoleum, Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum, LingguTemple and Zijinshan astronomical observatory. Gongwei brigade accepted theadaptation of the PLA and continued to serve as the guard of ZhongshanMausoleum. Since then, the history of Zhongshan Mausoleum has opened a newpage.
On the morning of the same day, Liu Zhicheng, political commissar of theregiment, called on the cadres of Gongwei office to make a speech, explainingthat the Communist Party has always respected Dr. Sun Yat Sen, that the PLA willstrictly protect Dr. Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum, and that the officers and soldiersof Gongwei Office will work peacefully as usual to maintain the normal order ofDr. Sun Yat Sen's mausoleum. Then, Liu Zhicheng and other people's LiberationArmy leaders, led by fan Liang, boarded Zhongshan Mausoleum and inspected thememorial hall, stele Pavilion and mausoleum gate of Zhongshan Mausoleum. Theyfound that there was no damage. At that time, the food supply of Gongwei brigadecould not be maintained, and there was still a lack of food. When Liu Zhichengheard about this situation, he immediately contacted his superiors to help themsolve their temporary difficulties.
On the 25th, all the left behind people were called to speak. On April 27,a meeting of all the cadres above the monitor of Gongwei department was held toexplain how to carry out the work under the new situation, and ordered that allthe weapons should be recorded and sent to Liu Zhengwei to the higherauthorities from now on, and all the weapons not used by each team should bedeposited with the Department. At the same time, Chen Yi, commander of the thirdfield army, wrote a warrant for "protecting Zhongshan Mausoleum" in his ownhandwriting, and sent people to Zhongshan Mausoleum. Chen Yi's warrant wasframed and placed in the mausoleum hall.
In the early days of liberation, some people who did not know the truthlistened to the rumors and thought that they could occupy the state property atwill after liberation. Some people gathered in public to illegally cut down theforest, especially in the back of the mountain. Not only did some people notlisten to persuasion and education, but they dared to surround and beat themembers of the Gongwei guard. Zhang Wensheng, the monitor, and Zhai Wenwei, themember of the Gongwei guard, were all injured. Illegal logging was particularlyrampant at night, and Dai Yuanzhen, a member of the team, was injured by a handgrenade when he was on patrol. In order to strengthen the protection ofZhongshan cemetery, the CMC decided to send the PLA to cooperate with the archguard team to strengthen the patrol. Since August 1, Yao erjue and Li Wuben ledthe public security forces to guard the forest together with the members of theformer arch guard. They also arrested 11 criminals, including Feng Qibao, wholed the illegal forest felling, and escorted them to the people's Government often districts to deal with them. As a result, the bad elements who illegallyfelled the forest in the cemetery were attacked. After September, the wind ofillegal forest felling gradually subsided.
November 12, 1949 is the first anniversary of Sun Yat Sen's birthday afterthe founding of new China. On this day, Nanjing Municipal military controlcommission and Nanjing Municipal People's government held a grand memorialceremony at Zhongshan Mausoleum. More than 500 people from all walks of life andrepresentatives from the municipal military control commission, the municipalgovernment, the Nanjing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of Chinaattended the ceremony. Su Yu, director of the CMC, Ke Qingshi, vice mayor, TangLiang, deputy secretary of the CPC Nanjing Municipal Committee, Li Fangxun, WuYifang, Xu Yangqiu, Chen Zhongfan, representatives of various democratic partiesand cultural circles, as well as representatives of the people's LiberationArmy, workers and students, arrived at the Lingtang at 1:30 and stood in frontof the statue of Sun Yat Sen. The memorial ceremony began with the NationalAnthem of new China. Director Su Yu made a short speech after he presentedflowers to the statue of Sun Yat Sen. Later, the people who paid homage to SunYat Sen's tomb entered the tomb and went around Sun Yat Sen's tomb. The homageceremony ended at 12 o'clock.
Since then, people from all walks of life in Jiangsu Province and Nanjinghave come to Zhongshan Mausoleum to hold a memorial ceremony on the 12th ofMarch and the 12th of November.
第四篇：中山陵英语导游词
From south to north, Zhongshan Mausoleum gradually rises along the centralaxis, followed by square, stone square, tomb path, tomb gate, stele Pavilion,memorial hall and tomb chamber.
Looking down from the air, Zhongshan Mausoleum looks like a "freedom bell"lying on the green carpet. The bronze statue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen at the foot ofthe mountain is the spire of the bell, the half moon shaped square is the arc ofthe bell, and the dome of the tomb at the top of the mausoleum is like a smoothpendulum.
Behind the stone square of Beiting is a 375 meter long and 40 meter widetomb passage. In front of the gate, there are four characters on the forehead ofthe gate, which are written in the handwriting of Sun Yat Sen: "the world is forthe public". Further into the pavilion, a 6-meter-high stone tablet is engravedwith the gilded character "on June 1, the 18th year of the Republic of China,the Chinese Kuomintang buried Mr. Sun here". Passing the pavilion is the steepstone steps, which are divided into eight sections and 392 levels.
There are two Huabiao on the highest platform of the mausoleum, followed bythe sacrificial hall. In the center of the memorial hall is the white marblestatue of Dr. Sun Yat Sen. on the four walls of the memorial hall are engravedwith the outline of the founding of the people's Republic written by Dr. Sun YatSen himself and the will written by Hu Hanmin and others.
There is a bronze door behind the memorial hall of the tomb, with the fourcharacters of "great spirit forever" written on the banner. Inside the door isthe bell shaped tomb, in the center of which is a round marble cave with adiameter of 4 meters and a depth of 5 meters. Sun Yat Sen's white jade coffinand lying statue were placed in the round cave.
There are also some memorial buildings around Zhongshan Mausoleum, whichwere invested and built by people from all walks of life and overseas Chinese atthat time, and can be used for sightseeing.
第五篇：中山陵俄语导游词
尊敬的各位游客，大家好!我是“新世纪”旅行社的导游王子阳，欢迎大家跟随我来参观中山陵。
中山陵位于浩荡的大江之滨，坐落在我国著名的古都——南京，在源远流长的中国历史发展长河中，有10个朝代和政权先后在此建都，许多叱咤风云的著名人物长眠在这里，伟大的革命先驱孙中山先生的陵墓就位于南京东郊的钟山南麓。钟山是宁镇山脉的最高峰，海拔约460米，东西走向，长约7千米，南北宽度约3千米。千百年来，这里进行过种种社会活动，建成了许多园林、第宅、寺塔、坛台和陵墓，留下了无数可歌可泣的史实和动人的传说。
1920xx年3月12日，孙中山因患肝癌医治无效与北京逝世，临终前一再表示，愿其遗体如友人列宁一样得以保存，归葬南京紫金山，根据他的遗愿，国民党中央执行委员会一致决定在南京紫金山建陵，陵园的设计方案是通过竞争入选的，采取了密封评议的方式，最后，评出首奖是中国设计师吕彦昌设计的钟形图案，钟有“示警”和“自由”的含义，它象征着孙中山领导中国革命的意义和贡献，同时又与陵墓所在地钟山相吻合，在具体设计上，采取了中西合璧的手法和技术，汲取了中国古代传统建筑中的经验，采用了中轴对称的总平面布局，民族形式的建筑外观，淳朴的色调，简洁的装修和大面积绿化等方法，很好的表现了陵园的庄严气氛和和孙中山先生的不朽精神。中山陵于1920xx年春动工兴建，中间由于军阀割据，政局混乱，工程进展缓慢，至1920xx年3月方才竣工，1920xx年6月1日举行了盛大隆重的奉安大点，全国各地都沉浸在悲哀之中，孙中山先生的灵柩于12时，在101响礼炮声中，葬入墓穴，一代伟人就此安息在钟山南麓。
陵墓的入口位于最南端，是一座三间三楼琉璃瓦顶的石牌坊，在明间的檐下，悬挂着孙中山先生的手术“博爱”横匾一方，继续向里，沿着墓道，便到大陵门，陵门高15米，宽24米，深8米，气势非凡，正中拱门楣上镌刻着中山先生亲笔书写的“天下为公”几个金光大字，循陵门后至石阶及至碑亭，亭内在龟趺上立8米高的石碑一座，上刻镶金楷书“中国国民党葬孙先生于此，中华民国十八年六月一日”。自碑亭再往北，跨过290级的台阶便登上了宽135米，深30米的大平台，平台是全陵的制高点，这里视野开阔，气象万千，既便近观，又宜远眺，无论春夏秋冬，风霜雨雪，大自然都向人们展示其周围变幻无穷的奇妙景色。平台中央，便是祭殿，祭堂正面明间的双眼连接处刻有中山先生的手术“天地正气”，三个圆券门上方，镌刻着“民族”“民权”“民生”六字，呈内有12根黑色花岗石圆柱，护壁为黑色大理石，左右壁上刻有中山先生的《国民政府建国大纲》全文，堂中央偏北处，置有这位伟大的革命家的白色大理石像一尊，雕像端坐平视，神态安详，栩栩如生。
巍巍中山陵，巍巍的气势衬托了孙中山先生的伟大品格，不朽精神，也可以所，它是孙中山品格与精神的象征，在中山陵肃穆的氛围中，寄托了人们对孙中山先生的无限敬仰
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