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第一篇：南京夫子庙导游词英语
Located in the south of Jiankang road in Nanjing City, it mainly refers to the Confucius Temple, Xuegong and Gongyuan, but the streets around these three buildings are traditionally called Confucius Temple. In the area of about 0.5 square kilometers from pingjiangfu road in the east to Zhanyuan road in the west, there are more than 300 shopping malls and shops, 2 cinemas and many hotels and amusement parks, etc., and there is an underground commercial street of about 10000 square meters underground. It can be said that Confucius Temple is a multi-functional service center integrating tourism, culture, commerce, catering and entertainment. More than 150000 people attended the festival, especially during the Jinling Lantern Festival. In 337, the Prime Minister Wang Dao built a school Palace on the North Bank of the Qinhuai River, which is the earliest building of Confucius Temple.
In 1032, Emperor Renzong built Confucius Temple and Confucius Temple in front of the Academy. Later, it was destroyed several times and rebuilt several times due to war. The present building was rebuilt in 1984. It reproduces the style and landscape of Jiangnan market in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Confucius Temple is a place for offering sacrifices to Confucius, covering an area of 26300 square meters. Zhaobi is located on the South Bank of Qinhuai River. It is 10 meters high and 110 meters long. The top of the wall is covered with small cylinder green tiles and the four corners are slightly tilted. Its length is the longest in China.
There is a crescent shaped panchi on the north bank and a row of carved stone railings built in the Ming Dynasty on the bank. On the east side of the stone fence is kuiken pavilion with three floors and six flying angles; on the north side is Wenshu square with four pillars and three gates, with four gold characters "Tianxia Wenshu" engraved in the middle; on the west side is Juxing pavilion with double eaves and carved ridge flying angles, and in front of Dacheng gate is Lingxing gate with six pillars and three gates. The buildings here all have the word "Star", which means that the stars of the world are gathered here. Dachengmen is an ancient building with a beam and a bucket. It has a Dragon Ridge and three doors standing side by side. Each door has 45 studs and a faucet ring. On the left and right sides of the gate stand four stone tablets of the Southern Qi, yuan and Song Dynasties, and on both sides of the inner courtyard are corridors connecting the Dacheng hall. Dacheng hall is the main building of Confucius Temple. It is 16.2 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 20.9 meters deep. It has seven Ying double eaves, four slopes and five ridges. The standing carving of dragon and pearl on the main ridge is the first in China. With 56 huge stones in the hall, it is majestic and spectacular. In front of the hall, the bronze statue of Confucius in Danlong, 4.18 meters high, is the highest in China. Outside the walls on both sides of the East and West are the East and West markets carefully planned and designed according to the style of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, mainly dealing in antique jade, four treasures of the study, famous calligraphy and paintings and tourist souvenirs. Located at the back of Dacheng hall, the academy is composed of Mingde hall, Zunjing Pavilion, Chongsheng temple, Qingyun tower and other buildings. It is the highest Academy in ancient state capital. Mingde hall is the main hall of the Academy, which is now a playground.
From Wenshufang to the East, you can see a square three story wooden structure building with a bucket arch and cornice Mingyuan building. It is the central building of the former Jiangnan Gongyuan. It is the place to monitor examinees and issue orders during examinations. On both sides of the courtyard behind the building are the imperial examination houses of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. The house is about 1.5 meters long and wide. There are only two boards on the top and the bottom, with tables on the top and benches on the bottom. The examinees eat, drink and sleep in this narrow space for a few days. All the food they bring in should be checked, and even the steamed bread should be cut to prevent cheating. In its heyday, Jiangnan Gongyuan covered an area of more than 70000 square meters, with 20644 houses, the largest scale of Gongyuan in China. Mingyuanlou is now known as "Jiangnan Gongyuan site", which is a provincial cultural relic protection unit. The Confucius Temple in history used to be an abnormal bustling city, especially in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, when it opened in autumn, tens of thousands of candidates (up to 20000 people) gathered here, so bookstores, teahouses and inns came into being, and restaurants and brothels also proliferated. At that time, some streets and alleys on the South Bank of the Qinhuai River were the "gentle townships" and "gold selling caves" for the children of rich families. There were also many famous prostitutes, such as Li Xiangjun and Dong Xiaowan, known as "Qinhuai eight beauties". Today, Meixiang building is rebuilt at 38 chaoku street, which is open to visitors as Li Xiangjun's former residence.
Wu Jingzi, a famous writer in Qing Dynasty, once lived on the Bank of Qinhuai River. After 19 years, he wrote a famous book "scholars' history" which criticized the imperial examination system. On the site of his former residence, Qinhuai Water Pavilion, a building of the style of river hall and river house in Ming and Qing Dynasties has been built, which is called "Qinhuai family" hotel. There are folk activities such as antique wedding and so on. At present, more than 100 kinds of traditional snacks have been discovered. With foreign fast food such as KFC and McDonald's, visitors can enjoy them. Jinling Lantern Festival is even more famous. It's called the Lantern Festival on the 12th and the Lantern Festival on the 18th of the first month of the lunar calendar. In fact, since the beginning of the new year, people have been buying, selling and watching lanterns. There are dozens of colorful lanterns, which make people dazzled and confused.
第二篇：关于江苏夫子庙的导游词
各位游客，我们现在就来到了夫子庙。“六朝金粉地，十里秦淮河”，指的就是南京城南夫子庙地区的秦淮河风光带，自六朝起，这里就是居民商业集中地，为古都繁华地带。
我们现在站的地方是文德桥，这里有著名奇观“文德半月”，秦淮河水从我们脚下缓缓渡过，“十里秦淮”就是指东水关至西水关的水道。
夫子庙又称孔庙、文庙。它是祭祀我国古代著名的思想家、教育家孔子的地方。因为孔子在古代被人尊称为孔夫子，所以孔庙被称为“夫子庙”。它集旅游、休闲、文化、商业为一体，展现了六朝古都的风貌。
整个夫子庙建筑以大成殿为中心，从照壁至卫山，都是在一条南北中枢线上成方位对称的格局，具有典型的中国传统建筑风格。
文德桥之所以有半边月的奇景，是因为它与子午线的方向是一致的。大家向东看，有一堵红墙，经建于明代万历年间，是全国最大的照壁，长110米，照壁起着遮蔽和装饰作用。
这是盼池，当时文人洗墨之处，也是失火取水之处。
池的东边是魁星阁，魁在古代是保佑文人高中的星宿，有“魁星点斗，独占鳌头”之说。池的西边是聚星亭，是天下群星聚集的地方，盼池的北边是一个牌坊，这就是“天下文枢”坊，四个字意指天下文化聚集的中心。
游客们，我们穿过六柱三门的棂星门，就来到了大成门，在左右各有两块石碑，这就是“孔子问礼图碑”，上面刻有孔子从山东到南京向老子虚心请教的情景，蹬上露台，我们可以看到一尊孔子青铜雕像，高4.18米，这是我国最高的孔子铜像。在铜像之后就是孔庙的主体建筑大成殿，现在我们就到殿内看一看。
首先，我们看到的是一幅孔子巨幅画像，它高6.5米，宽3.15米，是我国最大的孔子画像，画像前是孔子四位门生的汉白玉雕像。
殿内有38幅由翡翠、玛瑙、黄金、鸡血石为材料制作的“孔子圣迹图”，它描述了孔子一生的生平事迹。
穿过大成殿来到学宫，这里是当年秀才学习的地方，学宫的主体建筑是“明德堂”是南宋民族英雄文天袢所题，德指“忠信，忠于国家，取信于民”。
明德堂前有一钟亭，内有礼运钟，还有一鼓亭，内有圣音鼓，是为纪念孔子2550周年所建，在明德堂后面还有尊经阁、崇圣祠、青云楼等。
大成殿外东西两侧是东西市，是当时进行商品买卖的地方，它充分展现了明末清初街市风貌，所以夫子庙特色还在于庙市合一。
在夫子庙的东边有座江南贡院，是当年科举考试场所，也是我国古代 最大的科举考试的遗。科举制度发源于隋唐时期，当时有号20644间。科举考试分为院试、乡试、会试、殿试四个等级。在院试中考中的是生员，也就是“秀才”，秀才参加第二级考试“乡试”，考中的人称“举人”，举人参加第三级考试“会试”，会试考中是“贡士”，贡士有资格参加最高一级的考试“殿试”，由皇帝主考，第一名是状元，第二名是榜眼，第三名是探花。
在夫子庙周围还有一些著名的景点，东晋书法家王献之迎接爱妾桃叶的桃叶渡;吴敬梓故居陈列馆;东晋名望族王导、谢安古居及乌衣巷;明末传奇风尘女子李香君媚香楼等。好，游客们，今天的游览至此结束，再见!
问答
1、孔子生平及主要著作?
孔子，鲁国人，名丘，字仲尼。出生于公元前551年，死于公元前479
年，享年73岁。是儒家学派的创始人，我国古代著名的思想家教育家。他编订了《诗》《书》《礼》易》《乐》《春秋》，其中《诗经》是我国最早的诗歌总集，他还编写了现存最早的偏年史《春秋》
2、夫子庙在我国众多孔庙中有哪些特点?
庙市合一，它先有学宫后有孔庙，有全国最大的照璧(长110米，高10米)，有唯一用天然河道形成的泮池，有全国最大的孔子铜像，画像。
3、夫子庙的建筑特色及旅游特点是什么?
“青砖小瓦马头墙，回廊挂落花阁窗”的典型徽派建筑风格，集庙、市、景合一。
4、什么是泮池，照壁有什么作用?
所谓天子之学为“雍”，诸侯之学称为“泮”。当年鲁国于泮水河畔建学宫，后人纷纷效仿，在孔庙前修一水池称为泮池。南京夫子庙前的泮池是利用天然河道内秦淮河而形成的。照壁起遮蔽和装饰用。
5、夫子庙的泮池和寺庙前的放生池有什么区别?
相同点是古代的木结构建筑易起火，泮池和放生池都是便于防火救火。 不同点：夫子庙前的泮池为月牙形，沿袭传统，教化黎民百姓像流水一样源远流长。
寺庙前的放生池为圆形或半圆形，是供寺庙内和尚放生用的。
6、桃花扇是一部什么样的书?讲述了什么故事?
《桃花扇》是一部以南明王朝的兴亡为内容的历史悲剧，共40出，故事内容是以复社名士侯方域与秦淮名妓李香君的爱情故事为主线，深刻地反映了南明王朝灭亡的历史和当时的社会面貌，揭露了南明王朝政治的腐败和衰亡原因，作者的创作意图是“借离合之情，写兴亡之感”，以巨大的艺术感染力，吸引了众多的读者和观众。
7、国子监是一个什么样的机构?
明代的国子监是当时我国最大的国立大学，他们除了教学授课外，还整理编订了世界上最大的一部百科全书《永乐大典》。国子监学生最多时多达9972名。
8、“文德桥的栏杆—靠不住院”是什么意思?
因文德桥在每年的阴历十一月十五子时，月正当头，人立桥头自顾无影，桥的东西水面各有一半牙儿的倒影，相传古人在桥上争看这一奇景，曾数次将桥栏杆挤塌，故有此说，现在这句歇后语形容好说大话，吹牛皮的人。
9、 为何何孔庙的门都叫“大成门”，大殿都叫“大成殿”
表示孔子是中国古代文化的集大成者。
10、 大成门内四块碑的名称，内容是什么?
a) 孔子问礼图碑：记载孔子抱着兴国安邦，济世访贤的愿望，从山东曲阜前往洛阳寻求巩固鲁国政权的办法，图上绘的是孔子跪在洛阳城门外，向坐在马车上的老子请教。
b) 《集庆孔子庙碑》撰写碑文的是元朝翰林院学士卢挚，内容是“诏以兴学作士为王政”强调教育及培养人才是立国之本。
c) 《封四氏碑》：是元文宗加封孔子最有成就的弟子颜回、曾参、孔伋、孟轲为四亚圣，刻于1331年
d) 《封至圣夫人碑》是元文宗加封孔子夫人的碑，因孔子在元朝被封为大成至圣文宣王，所以加封孔子夫人为至圣夫人，刻于1331年。
11、 中国科举制度始于何年，终于何年?始于隋朝，终于清末1905年。
12、 江南贡院是哪一级的考试场所?当时的号舍多少间?考试考几场?每场考几天?考试内容是什么?四书五经指的是那些内容?
明初前53年是乡试、会试的场所，后是明清两代江南乡试的场所，号舍20644间。考三场每场三天共九天。考试内容：教材有《论语》《孟子》《书经》《诗经》《礼记》《左传》等，考试科目：《书》(八股文)、《诗》(试帖诗)、《论》(经论)、《赋》(律赋)共四科，八股文是主要形式。四书：《大学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟子》;五经：诗、书、礼、易、春秋。
13、 江南贡院建于何年?科举制度分为哪几个等级?每个等级的称呼是什么?
始建于南宋(1168年)，科举制度分为童试、乡试、会试、殿试四级。
14、 与夫子庙、秦淮河密切相关的文学作品有哪些?
泊秦淮 杜甫
烟笼寒水月笼沙，夜泊秦淮近酒家。 商女不知亡国恨，隔江犹唱《后庭花》。
乌衣巷 刘禹锡 朱雀桥边野草花，乌衣巷口夕阳斜，旧时王谢堂前燕，飞入寻常百姓家。以及朱自清和俞平伯的同名散文《桨声灯影里的秦淮河》，
15、 简单介绍孔尚任
字聘之，又字季重，号东塘，别号岸堂，自称云亭山人，孔子六十四代孙，生于清世祖顺治五年1648年，卒于清圣祖康熙五十七年1718年，享年71岁，戏曲作家，创作传奇剧《桃花扇》。
16、 什么是国子监?
即国立大学，他们除了教学授课，还编写了世界上最早最大的一部白科全书《永乐大典》，国子监的监生最多时达9972名，还有许多外国留学生，毕业后分到六部实习，合格者留六部工作。
17、 王导、谢安为何人?
王导：东晋宰相，是东晋王朝的实际创立者，协助司马睿建立了东晋政权，民间有“王与马，共天下”的说法，既说明了王导为司马睿的晋室定下了汗马功劳，也点明了王家权势之大。
谢安：40岁时由会稽赴建康接任宰相，在建康做了两件大事，从而名垂青史：
(1) 阻止了桓温的篡位活动。
(2) 指挥了淝水之战(“东山再起”这一成语取之于此)
18、 南京曾有几处孔庙?在哪里?
有三处：(1)在现市政府内。(2)在朝天宫内。(3)在现夫子庙
19、 坦腹东床、画龙点睛、青梅竹马的典故?
20、 秦淮小吃的特点?
选料讲究、制作精细、咸甜适宜、美味可口的特点，融历史、文化、烹饪、养生于一体。与上海城隍庙、苏州玄妙观、湖南长沙火宫殿并称四大小吃群。
21、 秦淮分月的原因?
因文德桥的方位是正南北向，其走向与日晷上子午线方向一致，所以每年阴历十一月十五子时，可见桥的东西水面各有一半月亮。
22、 为什么学宫都和孔庙相邻?
为了表明儒学修身立国的正统地位。
23、 上江考棚和下江考棚为何意?
当时的江南省分安徽、江苏、上海。安徽为上江，江苏是下江，所以上江考棚和下江考棚是当时安徽省和江苏省的考生进行乡试前预考的地方。
24、 在科举制度之前采取什么制度选拔官吏?西汉时是采用察举举制，东汉时是九届中正制。
20、“八股文”中的“八股”是指?
破题、承接、起讲、八手、起股、中股、后股、束股。
25、 秦淮八艳：陈圆圆、顾横波、柳如是、马湘兰、卞玉京、李香君、寇白门、
董小宛。
26、 什么是雅乐
祭孔所用的音乐，是中国古代吕庭典礼仪式音乐，早在三千多年前就已经产生，传说是周公亲自编定，此后作为中国礼乐文化得以长期保存，历代音乐家也对其作了许多变革，乐器则为传统的古乐器编钟和编磬为主，具有强烈的陶冶情操，净化心灵之功能。
27、 门钉在古代建筑中有什么作用?
门钉除了座装饰外，主要起着将门板和穿带钉在一起的作用，在封建社会只有皇家建筑大门才装饰门钉，最高等级是纵横皆九。
28、 简单介绍编钟、编磬。
编钟：中国古代重要的打击乐器，是钟的一种，由若干大小不同的钟有次序地悬挂在木架上编成一组或几组，每个钟敲击的音高各不相同。
编磬：中国最古老的民族打击乐器，由悬挂在木架上的一组磬组成。
29、 秦淮河的源头：溧水东庐山的溧水河和句容宝华山的句容河。
30、 四亚圣：颜回、曾参、孔伋、孟轲。
2、大成殿前的平台古称什么?是做什么用的?
答：称为丹墀，俗称露台，高1. 4米，东西宽21.8米，南北长14.0米，四周围以石栏，有云头望柱24根，台前两角设有石灯笼。此露台用作祭祀和歌舞。
5、大成殿中的屋脊鸱吻有什么特别之处?
答："屋脊鸱吻中有造型精美的"双龙戏珠"立雕，这在国内同类建筑中属首创之作。
6、大成殿内的"三宝"是哪三宝?
答：孔子画像、雕像和孔子生平事迹壁画。
7、殿中央陈列的孔子画像有多高多宽?
答：殿中央陈列的孔子画像高6.5米、宽3.5米，是目前国内最大的孔子画像。
9、大成殿内四周墙壁悬挂的反映孔子生平事迹的镶嵌壁画，共有几幅，名称是什
么?
答：共38幅，称为"孔子圣迹图"。
10、大成殿内四周墙壁反映孔子生平事迹的镶嵌壁画有多大，里面共有多少人物?
答：每幅画高2.5米，宽1.3米，画中共有人物408位。
1、学宫主要有那几个单体建筑?
答：有明德堂、尊经阁、敬一亭、崇圣祠和青云楼等。
2、学宫的正堂一般都叫做明伦堂，为何南京独称“明德堂”?
答：明伦堂取义教人明白伦理道德。当年文天祥北上抗金，路过南京时，刚好明德
堂复建完工，人们请文天祥题字，文天祥就写成了“明德堂”，一直沿用至今。
3、明德堂后的尊经阁以前是什么地方，现在做什么?
答：以前是存放儒家典籍、教谕讲课的讲堂，现为民俗风情陈列馆。
4、与尊经阁并排而立的是什么建筑?
答：分别是崇圣祠和青云楼。
5、崇圣祠是做什么的地方?
答：崇圣祠原为祀孔子父母的地方，现为梨园。
6、尊经阁后的卫山上的亭子叫什么?天下文庙皆该亭始于何时?
答：敬一亭，天下文庙皆有敬一亭始于明嘉靖时。
7、南方孔庙的屋面与北方孔庙的屋面有什么区别?
答：南方孔庙的屋面覆盖青色小瓦所体现的轻秀之势，与北方孔庙屋面采用黄色琉
璃瓦的富丽恢宏之势明显不一样，更显随和、入俗之意，这亦是南京夫子庙更接近
俗文化的表现之一。
8、夫子庙水上游旅游线路称什么?
答：夜泊秦淮。
9、学宫的门匾“东南第一学”是由谁题写的?
答：由清末状元秦大士所题写。
10、科举时代秀才一般每逢什么日子到学宫来听讲?
答：每月逢旧历初一和十五都要到这里来听训导和宣讲。
第三篇：南京夫子庙导游词英语
Hello, everyone! Today we are going to visit the Confucius Temple on the Bank of Qinhuai River. Speaking of Confucius Temple, we have to talk about Qinhuai River, the mother river of Nanjing people. Qinhuai River, also known as huaishui, Xiaojiang and longzangpu, is the ancient origin of Nanjing culture. It enters the city from dongshuiguan and leaves the city from xishuiguan. It flows through the section about ten li in front of the Confucius Temple, so it is called "ten li Qinhuai". From ancient times to the present, both sides of the Qinhuai River are a prosperous scene. Du Mu's poem in the Tang Dynasty says: "smoke cage, cold water cage, sand cage, Night Mooring Qinhuai near the restaurant. Business women do not know the hatred of national subjugation, but they still sing "the flowers in the back court" across the river. After liberation, with the vigorous construction of Nanjing municipal government, today's ten mile Qinhuai River has become a national 5A scenic spot showing the unique style of Jiangnan.
The Confucius Temple consists of Confucius Temple, Academy and Gongyuan. In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the imperial court built the Academy here; in the Song Dynasty, the Confucius Temple was expanded on the former site of the Academy; in the Southern Song Dynasty, the imperial examination hall Gongyuan was opened. However, the Confucius Temple was destroyed and built five times in history. The last one was destroyed in 1937 by the Japanese invaders. Today's Confucius Temple was rebuilt after 1984.
Temple Square (2 minutes)
Dear tourists, now we come to the square in front of the Confucius Temple. The integration of temple and market is one of the most remarkable characteristics of Confucius Temple. The square is a temple in the vertical direction and a city in the horizontal direction. The temple and market are integrated into a unique atmosphere. The red wall behind you is called Zhaobi, which has the functions of shielding, avoiding evil spirits and decoration. It is 110 meters long and is the largest in China. The semicircular pool in front of Zhaobi is called panchi. In ancient times, the place where the emperor lectured was called Biyong, the school palace where the princes lectured was called panchi, and the school palace of Confucius Temple was equivalent to the place where the princes lectured. Therefore, this pool is called panchi. The bridge on the west side of panchi is called Wende bridge, which is named for the Confucian advocating the moral of writing. Because the direction of the bridge is consistent with the meridian, it is cultivated every year Around the 15th day of November, the reflection of the bright moon in the sky will be divided into two parts by the shadow of the bridge. This spectacle is called "Wende dividing the moon". There is a star gathering Pavilion on the west side of Wende Bridge Square, which means "stars gather, talents gather". Facing this large archway, it is the "world Wenshu archway". The shape is four pillars and three doors, which means that it is the center of world culture. There is Kuixing Pavilion on the south side of the archway. In ancient times, it was said that Kuixing was a sign of prosperity of literature and also a symbol of winning the first place in the imperial examination. Therefore, Kuixing was regarded as a God by students of all ages. In the north of the square is the Lingxing gate. It is said that the Lingxing gate is the cultural star in the sky and the star cluster in charge of education. The reason for its name is that it means that the scholars of the world gather here.
Dachengmen, terrace (1 minute)
Dacheng gate is the main gate of Dacheng hall and the main gate of Confucius Temple. In the ancient feudal hierarchy, only officials could go in and out from Dacheng gate, while ordinary scholars could only go in and out from the side gate. Two big characters, Li and Ren, are engraved on the walls on both sides behind the door, which are the core of Confucius' thought and his lifelong goal. Behind the Dacheng gate and in front of the Dacheng hall, there is a corridor. On both sides of the corridor, there are eight of the twelve students of Confucius. They are all carved from white jade of Han Dynasty. They are min sang, ran Geng, ran Qiu, Duanmu Ci, ran Yong, Zai Yu, Yan Yan Yan and Zhong you. At the end of the corridor is a terrace, which is 1.4 meters high, 21.8 meters long from east to west, and 14 meters wide from north to south. It is surrounded by stone railings. In front of the terrace are two dragon play pearls and Danbi stones, and on both sides are stone lamps. The terrace is a place for sacrifice, singing and dancing. In the middle of the terrace is a bronze statue of Confucius. In front of the bronze statue is an iron censer, engraved with the title of "supreme saint and forerunner". With a height of 4.18 meters and a weight of 2.37 tons, the bronze statue is the largest one in the Confucian temples in China. On both sides of the terrace, there used to be two verandahs, which were used to worship the memorial tablets of the 72 sages of Confucius and to store sacrificial, ceremonial and dancing utensils. Now they are reduced to small two verandahs and changed into stele corridors. There are more than 30 steles with ink marks of famous calligraphers such as Zhao Puchu, Lin Sanzhi and Wu Zhongqi for tourists to enjoy.
Dacheng Hall (2 minutes)
Dacheng hall is the landmark of Confucius Temple, 16.22 meters high, 27.3 meters wide and 27.9 meters deep. The words "Dacheng hall" are written on the sea blue vertical plaque under the front eaves. There is a standing sculpture of two dragons playing with pearls on the roof of Dacheng hall, which is the first of its kind in China. The light and beautiful style of the roof covered with green tiles is obviously different from that of the northern Confucius Temple with yellow glazed tiles. It is more easygoing and popular, which is one of the manifestations of Nanjing Confucius Temple closer to folk culture. In the center of the hall, there is the largest portrait of Confucius in China. On the top of the portrait are three plaques, all of which are written by emperors of past dynasties. They are "model of the world" by Kangxi, "with heaven and earth" by Qianlong, and "Si Wen Zai Zi" by Guangxu. In front of the portrait stand four students of Confucius, namely Mencius, Kongji, Zengshen and Yanhui. In front of the portrait are ancient musical instruments such as Qin, guzheng and drum. On the walls around, there are 38 inlaid murals reflecting Confucius' life and deeds, which are "the picture of Confucius' miracles", carved by 200 craftsmen in Yueqing, Zhejiang Province, using famous jade, chicken blood jelly, Shoushan stone, gold, jewelry and other precious ornaments from Zhejiang, Fujian, Inner Mongolia, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places. The total investment is 5.8 million yuan, and the current value is more than 100 million yuan The 38 murals are: the picture of the holy trace, the preface of the title, the prayer of Nishan, the book of Qilin jade, the two dragons and five elders, etc.
Inscriptions (1 minute)
From Dacheng hall, the ancient well on the right is Yutu spring. According to records, Yutu spring was discovered and excavated by Qin Hui. Beside the spring stands the stele of raising money for imperial examinations, which records the history of Li Hongzhang and Zuo Zongtang's donation of examinees' fees to Beijing in the period of Liangjiang governor. On the other side, there are four steles, the most famous of which is the stele of Confucius asking for rites, which was carved in the Southern Dynasty. It records the story of Confucius seeking for rites from Laozi in Luoyang, the city where the emperor lived from the state of Lu to the state of Zhou, when slavery was about to collapse at the end of the spring and Autumn period. In addition, it is the only three steles in Nanjing, namely, the stele of Jiqing Confucius Temple and the stele of fengzhishengfu The stele of man and the stele of FengSi.
A school: school gate (30 seconds), Mingde Hall (1 minute 30 seconds), Zunjing Pavilion and its surroundings (1 minute)
The academy is located in the rear of Dacheng hall. It is inscribed on the lintel of the gate in the south by Zeng Guofan, and on the lintel of the gate in the north by Qin Dashi, the number one scholar in the southeast. Entering the gate of the Academy, you can see a bell and a drum standing in the two pavilions on the left and right. On the forehead of the pavilions are the words "Xi Li" and "Yang Sheng", which were used by scholars to worship Confucius in ancient times.
Facing the gate of the school is Mingde hall, whose name is inscribed by Wen Tianxiang. Mingde hall is the place where students gather. After the pilgrimage every month, students gather here to teach their tutors to preach the holy doctrine and the imperial edict, so as to cultivate their loyalty and patriotism. Ming De Tang was originally named "Ming Lun Tang". When the yuan army was about to conquer Nanjing, Wen Tianxiang changed "Ming Lun Tang" to "Ming De Tang" by hand in order to show his determination to die rather than surrender and his ambition to serve the country and the people.
The Zunjing Pavilion behind Mingde hall is three stories high, with double eaves and T-shaped ridges on the top of the mountain. It was a lecture hall where Confucian classics were stored and lectures were given. Now it is a museum of folk customs. Standing side by side with Zunjing pavilion are Chongsheng temple and Qingyun tower. Zunjing academy is divided into two sides behind Zunjing Pavilion. Chongsheng temple was originally dedicated to Confucius' ancestors, but now it is pear garden. Qingyun building was changed into a library in the Qing Dynasty. Zunjing academy is a place for lectures, which is equivalent to the present classroom. The small highland behind Zunjing Pavilion is called Weishan, with Jingyi pavilion built. The so-called "Jingyi" is the devotion to Confucianism.
Other (1 minute)
Ladies and gentlemen, the Confucius Temple is prosperous during the day, and the Confucius Temple at night is even more colorful! As early as the northern and Southern Dynasties, there was a Jinling Lantern Festival on the Qinhuai River, and it reached its peak in the Ming Dynasty. The Qinhuai River in the sound of oars and lights is unique in the world. Today's Confucius Temple follows the Huizhou architectural style of "blue brick, small tile, horse head wall, cloister with falling flowers and windows". When tourists come here, they can not only appreciate the traditional culture, but also taste the unique Qinhuai snacks, explore the legend of Qinhuai Bayan, enjoy the scenery on both sides of the Strait by Qinhuai boat, or explore the traces of celebrities such as Wuyi lane, former residence of Wang Dao xie'an and former residence of Li Xiangjun. This is the end of my explanation. Thank you!
B Gongyuan front street, Mingyuan building (1 minute 30 seconds)
Now we come to the front street of Gongyuan. There are six statues standing in the street. They are all talented people from all dynasties. They are Tang Yin, Wu Chengen, Zheng Banqiao, Wu Jingzi, Lin Zexu and Zhang Jian. On the east side of the sculpture, there are 11 stone tablets, which record the rise and fall of the Gongyuan, as well as the praise, evaluation and chanting of emperors, ministers and celebrities. In front of the front street is the Gongyuan, on which there are couplets inscribed by Li Yu. It was built in the Southern Song Dynasty and is specially used for holding imperial examinations. At first, the number of examinees was small and the scale was not large. It was only used for the examination of government and county schools. When the number of examinees increased, it even needed to borrow temples as temporary examination rooms. In the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, the Gongyuan was rebuilt. Later, the scale of Nanjing Gongyuan continued to expand. When it was officially named "Jiangnan Gongyuan" in the Qing Dynasty, it reached an unprecedented trend, starting from yaojiaxiang in the East, In the west, there are more than 20000 houses, bordering on the Qinhuai River in the South and Jiankang road in the north. After the Republic of China, Gongyuan was neglected. Until today, only Mingyuan building has been preserved as a historical relic. Mingyuan building was used for warning and giving orders in the past imperial examinations. In the arch on the first floor, there are stone tablets of Ming, Qing and Republic of China, which record the rise and fall of Jiangnan Gongyuan in detail and effectively preserve the scene of imperial examination hall in feudal times. In the 1980s, the relevant departments established "Jiangnan Gongyuan exhibition hall" here.
Dormitory (1 minute)
Now more than 40 houses have been restored in Gongyuan. In the order of thousand characters, the houses are 6 feet high, 4 feet deep and 3 feet wide, with an area of no more than 1.5 square meters. There are only two boards on display. Examinees have to stay in it for 9 days and have three exams. Eating, drinking and sleeping are all here. During the day, they answer questions on the chopping board, and at night, they close their clothes and sleep on the chopping board. We can imagine the hardships of the examination in those years. In the west side of Gongyuan, wax figures were used to show the examinees' attitudes. In the east side was the tourist experience area. Interested friends can experience it.
To court (1 minute 30 seconds)
The imperial examination began in the Sui and Tang Dynasties and ended in the late Qing Dynasty, which lasted for 1300 years. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it gradually formed four levels of examination, namely, children's examination, rural examination, general examination and palace examination. The "Zhigong hall" you can see in front of you used to be the public land run by the examiners. The word "Zhigong" means "fair, just and equal". Now it is the imperial examination exhibition room, which is divided into three exhibition halls: East, West and East. In the middle of the exhibition hall is the imperial examination culture exhibition room, in which there is a sculpture of Kuixing's fighting and monopolizing the first place. The horizontal shape next to it shows the situation of No It's often spectacular. The pictures and materials on the walls around introduce the origin and development of China's imperial examination system. The number one scholar hall on the east side displays a list of the number one scholar in China. On the west side is the hall of fame, which displays celebrities related to Jiangnan Gongyuan, as well as some pictures and materials related to the imperial examination.
This concludes the explanation of Confucius Temple. Thank you!
第四篇：南京导游词夫子庙a
夫子庙a
各位游客，大家好，欢迎来到美丽的古都南京，我是来自**旅行社的导游，***，大家可以叫我小*，在我身边的便是司机王师傅，有王师傅在，大家可以放心、安心、开心的随我游览。最后希望大家有一段愉快的旅程，我们今天要去游览的是位于秦淮河畔的夫子庙。
秦淮河古名淮水，又名龙藏浦，是南京的母亲河，是古老的南京文化发源之地。素有[六朝金粉地，，十里秦淮河"的美誉。自六朝至明清，十里秦淮的繁华景象和特有的风貌，曾被历代文人所讴歌。
今天我们所要参观的夫子庙，也叫文庙，是供奉和祀俸孔子的庙宇，也是学宫所在地，南京共有三处文庙，另两座分别在南京市**大院内和朝天宫。位于南京市*大院内的文庙，清初为*宁府学，*时期为国民*考试院所在地。朝天宫是现南京市博物馆所在地。夫子庙始建于宋景祐元年(1034年)，是在东晋学宫的旧址上扩建而成的。元为集庆路学，明为应天府学，清为*宁、上元两县县学，咸丰年间毁于兵火，同治八年(1869年)重建。*战争时被日*焚毁。现夫子庙是1986年重建，是庙，市，街，景合一的旅游景点。 孔庙最显著的特点之一是庙市合一，孔庙的另一特点是庙附于学，南京夫子庙是前庙后学的布局，以大成殿为中心的南北中轴线组成的孔庙和学宫，与东侧以明远楼为主体建筑的*南贡院组成了三大文教古建筑群。2010年4月，南京夫子庙--秦淮风光带被国家旅游局评为5a级景区。
现在我们来到了秦淮河畔，也就是夫子庙前的广场，请大家向南看，正南面朱红*石砖墙，便是夫子庙前的照壁。照壁建于明万历三年(公元1575年)，全长110米，气势磅礴，为全国照壁之最。现照壁是1984年重新修复。照壁的北面的半月形水池就是泮池，意为[泮宫之池"，这个泮池是利用秦淮河的天然河道而形成的。因为周代天子太学有学宫称[辟雍"，四周环水，诸侯只能南面环水，所以称之为[泮宫"。 孔子曾受封文宣王，所以泮池成为夫子庙前的规制。另一种说法是鲁国学宫设于泮水之畔，以后相沿成习。泮池北岸的石栏是夫子庙真正的古董，为明正德九年所建。
大家看，泮池的西侧的这座桥叫文德桥，因儒家提倡文章道德而得名，但文德桥真正出名却是因为文德桥半月边的奇景，每年的农历11月15日子时，站在桥上，身后无影，伸头半尺在桥的东西各可看见半个月亮，这就是[文德分月"，俗称[龙抬头"。据说每年此时桥上赏月的人不计其数，以致将桥栏杆挤塌，几经修葺，在清朝的时候建成了石桥。现为三跨钢筋水泥桥。
在广场的东侧的楼*式建筑，叫做魁星*，是过去作为参加[科举考试"夺魁的占首的象征。广场正中，泮池的北面的这座钢筋水泥仿古牌坊，叫[天下文枢坊"。 坊额青底黑字[天下文枢"，意为孔子是天下文章道德的中枢，是进入孔庙的标志。在广场的西侧的那座六角亭，是聚星亭，取[群星毕集，人才荟萃"之意。正对天下文枢坊的是棂星门(仪门)，这是孔庙的庙门。门是石结构，六柱三门，是一座冲天式牌坊，又称华表坊。
走过棂星门，便是孔庙的正门，叫大成门。因为孔子对*文化做了集大成的贡献，追封大成至圣先师，所以称其为大成门。[大成门"三字是姬鹏飞题写
的。大成门有一块卧碑，上面写着[南京夫子庙"(赵朴初)，起影壁作用。大成门内是中心庙院，两侧有碑廊，中间有一条甬道，直通大成殿额露台。甬道的两侧立着孔子的十二位门生中的八位门生的石像。两侧的碑廊中珍藏有赵朴初，林散之等三十人的墨宝镌刻的三十块碑。
甬道的尽头便是露台，是古时祭祀孔子时举行乐舞的地方，高1。4米，东西长21。8米，南北宽14米，四周有云头望柱24根，台前两侧设有两只石灯笼。露台的*立着孔子青铜雕像，高4。18米，重2。37吨，是全国最高的孔子青铜雕像。
露台的尽头，就是夫子庙的主殿----大成殿。高16。22米，宽27。3米，进深27。9米，是重檐歇山仿古建筑。正面屋檐下海蓝*竖扁上有[大成殿"三字，喻孔子集大成之意。屋脊鸱吻是造型精美的[双龙戏珠"立雕，是同类建筑中为首创之作，屋面覆盖青*小瓦，所体现的清秀之势，更显随和，入俗之意，是南京夫子庙更接近民俗的文化的表现之一。殿*陈列有高6。5米，宽3。5米，国内最大的孔子画像，是画家王宏喜费时一年参照唐吴道子所画的孔子像画成的。画像前侧还有孔子十二门生中另四位，即颜回、曾参、孟轲、孔汲(四亚圣)的塑像。在这还陈列有一些古代乐器。四周围还悬挂了38副反映孔子生平事迹的镶嵌壁画，称为孔子圣迹图。耗时三年，由200名匠师集各地的材料完成。画面采用*古典全景式，描述孔子一生的事迹。表现孔子万世师表的光辉形象。
穿过了大成殿，殿外有复原的宋*凿的古井---[玉兔泉"， 据记载，是由秦桧发现并挖掘的。井畔立有一块，记录两*总督李鸿章，左宗棠捐*生进京会试的费用的一段历史。另一侧还有四块古碑，一是，刻于南朝，图上刻的是两个人乘轿，众人在城门前拱手欢迎的场景。记录的是孔子在鲁昭公二十四年由曲阜去洛阳考察的典章制度，寻求治国之发的事迹。二是，此碑刻于元顺年，在清咸丰毁于战火，1986年夫子庙重修时在大成殿西侧挖出来。左三和左四分别为封至圣夫人碑和封四氏碑，均刻于元至顺二年(1331年)，各为南京仅存的三元碑之一。
孔庙的后面便是夫子庙的学宫。是本州府最高的学堂，门楣上方原来有[学宫"匾额，明初时，这里曾为大明国子监的所在地，所以门额上悬挂了[大明国子学"的牌匾，这是由曾国藩题写的。门外柏木牌坊，牌坊上题有[东南第一学"，是由清代乾隆年间文武双科状元秦大士所题写的。院内有两块卧碑，[学而不厌"、[诲人不倦"，由宋代大家朱熹所题。
后面便是明德堂，是学宫的正堂，是在南宋绍兴九年的旧基上重建的，是张悬科举考试题名榜的地方。一般夫子庙的学宫正堂都叫明伦堂，而南京的却叫明德堂，这是为什么呢?原来是在南宋时期，南宋右丞相文天祥北上抗元，路过南京，刚好明德堂复建完工，人们请他题字，文天祥写成明德堂，并一直沿用至今。在夫子庙，明德堂是唯一未被破坏的古迹。现在的明德堂已经改名为[雅乐堂"，是演奏雅乐的地方。明德堂前有两块学宫碑，东为明代学宫碑，西为清代学宫碑，以便游客了解古时学宫规则。
在学宫的院内有两座亭，习礼亭和仰圣亭，习礼亭中摆放的是礼运钟，钟名是由孔子七十七代嫡孙女孔德懋题写，仰圣亭中摆放的是圣音鼓，鼓名也是由孔德懋题写的。
在明德堂的后面的那座三楹三层仿古建筑便是尊经*，尊经*三个字由著名的书法家萧娴所写，建于明嘉靖年间，原为上下两层各五间，上层寄藏
等儒家经典书籍，下层是教授讲授功课的地方。原尊经*已毁，现在的是1988年新建的。现已开辟为[夫子庙民间艺术大观园"，里面展出了南京云锦、金箔、秦淮灯*等南京当地民间工艺。尊经*周围还有青云楼，崇圣祠，敬一亭等。
各位游客，白天的夫子庙热闹非凡。夜晚，灯船往来，宛若火龙，一片繁荣景象。泛舟在古*古香的沿河建筑中，给人以美的享受。秦淮河两岸的民居沿袭了[粉墙黛瓦，高低错落"，[青砖小瓦马头墙，回廊挂落花格窗"的徽派式建筑风格。在这里游览还可以品味到独具风味的秦淮风味小吃八绝；还可以去探寻秦淮八艳的传奇故事；另外还有吴敬梓故居，王谢古屋，乌衣巷、媚香楼、桃叶渡等著名景观等着大家去游览。此外夫子庙还是每年一度的[金陵灯会"的场所，每逢新春佳节，举办的元宵灯会，更是金陵一绝。
我的讲解到此结束，谢谢!
第五篇：关于江苏夫子庙的导游词
各位朋友，大家好!欢迎光临南京夫子庙。夫子庙地处城南秦淮河畔，地理位置优越，交通十分方便，是南京人引以为自豪的历史遗迹和旅游景点，是新兴的文化、商业、游览中心和庙市合一的繁华之地。
夫子庙，又叫孔庙、文庙，是祭祀我国著名的大教育家、思想家孔子的地方。孔子在古代被人们尊称为孔夫子，故其庙宇俗称“夫子庙”。由于儒学的正统地位，它的创始人孔子备受封建社会历朝历代的统治者和士子们的尊崇，祀奉他的孔庙遍布全国各地，有的地方还不只一个。夫子庙作为封建士子崇拜的场所，大多与教育设施(如学宫、贡院等)布置在一起，即所谓的庙附于学，一般是在学宫的前面或一侧。
历史上，南京城区的夫子庙曾有三处，一处在今市政府大院内，另一处在朝天宫。现在我们要参观、游览的，是第三处，也是最有名气的一处。它是宋景佑元年(1034年)从朝天宫迁来的，初为建康府学，元为集庆路学，明初为国学，后为应天府学，清迁出府学，改为江宁、上元两县学。咸丰年间毁于兵火，同治年间(1869年)重建，抗战中为日军焚毁。现存夫子庙为80年代初重建。它采用前庙后学，孔庙在前，学宫在后，后来设立的贡院被布置在学宫的左侧。因此，南京夫子庙比较完整的格局包括三部分，即孔庙、学宫、贡院。以大成殿为中心的南北中轴线及两侧的主要建筑和以明远楼为中心的江南贡院陈列馆成为夫子庙地区最主要的旅游观光点。
夫子庙地区由于悠久的历史、方便的水上交通，使其在夫子庙出现之前，就已成为古代南京比较有名的“佳丽地”和名士聚居地，因此除了以上所述主要景点外，还有吴敬梓故居、古桃叶渡、萃苑、百年老店一条街、文德桥、王谢故居、乌衣巷、媚香楼等景点。
现在我们已站在夫子庙中轴线的起点部分—夫子庙广场。环顾四周，南有泮池、照壁、木坊，东西两侧有聚星亭、魁光阁及商业区，北有中轴线上主要建筑大成殿和分布于孔庙东西两侧的东、西二市，形成了夫子庙地区区别于其他城市孔庙的独特氛围，即历史上形成的庙市合一的格局。
请看广场前的这一条河，它叫秦淮河，是南京人民的母亲河，全长110公里，孕育了早期的南京文明。流经广场的这一段是内秦淮河的一部分，建庙时被改造为泮池，因曲阜孔庙泮水流过而得名。南岸的一堵红墙，是建于明万历(1575年)年间的大照壁，长达110米，气势磅礴，为全国照壁之最。照壁起遮蔽和装饰作用，是整个夫子庙建筑群的开始。泮池北岸石栏则为明正德(1514年)年间所建，是历经了沧桑变迁之后，成为夫子庙建筑群中唯一保存最好的古代建筑小品，抗战前曾加以修整。游人至此，凭栏小憩，观览秦淮秀色，心旷神怡。
泮池西侧的文德桥现为汉白玉桥。因儒家提倡文章道德而得名。因为桥向与子午线方向一致，所以每逢农历11月15日子时左右，皓月当空，凭栏俯视，在桥的两边分别可看到桥影将河中明月分成两个半月，被称为“文德分月”。吴敬梓在《儒林外史》一书中就有记述，如果您有机会的话，不妨在农历11月15日来文德桥边看一看。
文德桥南乌衣巷口的一组徽派建筑群，为“王谢古居”。作为东晋豪族王谢两大家族聚居区，影响比较大，尤其是唐刘禹锡名作《乌衣巷》的诗句，使乌衣巷、王谢旧居变得非常有名，现为“南京六朝历史文化陈列馆。”大家有时间可以进去参观参观。
现在我们看石栏北侧是新复建的天下文枢坊，表明此处为天下文化中心。三门四柱，颇为壮观。在古代，它与后面的棂星门对应，用于帝王出巡朝圣祀孔，中间高门坊是皇帝幸临的御道，左右供郡亲王出入，一般的官员臣民不能通行，因而平时都用木栅栏封闭起来。
庙前广场西侧的聚星亭，六角飞檐、古朴大方，外表看双重飞檐翘角，貌似两层结构，其实只有一层，亭名取群星聚集、人才荟萃之意。再请看东边，临水而立的小院子是魁光阁，阁内的魁星亭，三层六面，下临秦淮，景致独特。古有“奎主文章”之说。奎星即魁星，是文运兴旺之兆，是科举时考试夺魁的象征，因而魁星被历代学子奉为神灵。魁光阁与聚星亭东西犄角相望，互为呼应，融为一体。
庙前广场北面的石砌坊门，是孔庙第一道大门—棂星门，六柱三门，古朴优美，中间横楣刻有篆文“棂星门”。棂星是古代天文学中的“文星”，取名之由是要表示天下文人学士集学于此的意思。三门之间镶嵌有牡丹图案的砖刻浮雕，精雕细琢，美仑美奂。石柱顶端皆用云板，即华表之意，作为一种标志。此乃皇帝祭孔的仪门。
走过棂星门，我们就来到大成殿的大成门前。
大成门，又称戟门，是夫子庙的正大门，两旁为持敬门。封建时代只有官员可以由大成门出入，一般士子只能从旁门进出。进入门内，左右分别树有四块古碑：东边有元至顺二年(1331年)的《封至圣夫人碑》和(封四氏碑)，西边有公元1330年的残碑《集庆孔子庙碑》和由市政府迁来的甫齐永明二年(484年)的《孔于问礼图碑》。以《孔子问礼图碑》为著。
院落甬道两旁排列了孔子十二门生中的八位，即闵损、冉耕、冉求、端木赐、冉雍、宰予、言偃和仲由，均由汉白玉雕刻而成，状甚虔诚，栩栩如生。
向前看，大成殿前的平台为丹墀，俗称露台，高1.4米，东西宽21.8米，南北长“14.0米，四周围以石栏，有云头望柱24根，台前两角设有石灯笼。此露台用作祭祀和歌舞。露台中央的孔于雕像格外引入注目，青铜质地，达4.18米，重乙37吨，做工精细，维妙维肖，体态丰盈，面部慈祥、深沉，眉宇间透露出伟大思想家特有的睿智，给人留下非常深刻的印象。露台两旁原是两庑，是供奉孔门七十二贤人牌位和存放祭祀、仪礼、佾舞用具的处所。现缩为小两庑，改为碑廊，陈列有赵朴初、林散之、武中奇等著名书法家墨迹的碑石30余块，供游人欣赏。
露台尽头即为巍峨庄严的夫子庙主殿—大成殿，高16.22米，宽27.3米，进深27.9米，是重槽歇山顶的仿古建筑。正面屋檐下海蓝色竖匾，上书“大成殿”。孔子为“大成至圣先师”，“大成”当指孔子。“大成”一词，源出《札记.学记》，是学习的最高境界。又见于《孟子.万章》。“孔子，圣之时者也。孔子之谓集大成。”屋脊鸱吻中有造型精美的“双龙戏珠”立雕，这在国内同类建筑中属首创之作;屋面覆盖青色小瓦所体现的轻秀之势，与北方孔庙屋面采用黄色琉璃瓦的富丽恢宏之势明显不一样，更显随和、入俗之意，这亦是南京夫子庙更接近俗文化的表现之一，亦或称之为“入乡随俗”吧。整座建筑重檐飞翘，斗拱交错，气势雄伟;殿堂七楹，殿廊环立26根仿木圆柱;前后花格长门16扇，内殿藻井枋檩，素雅肃穆。殿中央陈列有高6.5米、宽3.5米的国内最大的孔子画像，画像前二侧还有12位门生中的另4位，即孟子，孔汲，曾参、颜回，前面还陈列有柷、琴、卧箜篌，编磬，编钟、古筝、鼓等古代乐器。
四周墙壁悬挂了38幅反映孔子生平事迹的镶嵌壁画，称为“孔子圣迹图”，是由浙江乐清2OO匠师采用取自浙江、福建，内蒙古、辽宁、青海、广西、广东等省(区)的内玉石，鸡血冻、寿山石，翡翠绿、周村冻等石中名晶及黄金、珠宝、罗钿等贵重的珠宝饰件，耗3年之功雕成，总投资580万元人民币。画面采用中国古典全景式构图方式，辅以考证有据的细部描述，做工精细，色泽自然，富有立体感，给人以逼真神奇之感。每幅面高2.5米，宽1.3米，画中有人物408位，造型面目自然、栩栩如生。38幅壁画分别是圣迹之图、题首前言、尼山致祷、麒麟玉书、二龙五老、钧天降圣、俎豆学礼、职司委吏、命名荣贶、职司乘田、问礼老聃、在齐闻韶、晏婴沮封、退修诗书、夹谷会齐、归田谢过、诛少正卯;女乐文马、因膰去鲁。匡人解围。丑次同车之一，丑次同车之二、宋人伐木、楛矢贯隼、适卫击磬、学琴师襄、西河返驾、灵公问陈、子路问津、在陈绝粮、子西沮封、作歌丘陵，杏坛礼乐、跪受赤虹、西狩获麟、梦奠两楹、治任别归、汉高祀鲁。体现了孔子“万世师表”的光辉典范形象，这恰如殿中对联所写“气备四时兴天地鬼神日月合其德;教垂万世继尧舜禹汤文武作之师“。真乃谓“德侔天地道贯古今，删述六经垂宪万世”。
由大成殿东庑北门出，经东市即进入学宫区。
东市和西市是由原来进出学宫的东、西甬道改成，用作秦淮河上往返船只经销商品的场所，现已成为夫子庙地区最具特色的工艺美术晶、文化用品销售场所和文化活动场所。
学宫是封建时代培养人才的场所，有不同层次，如县学、府学(路学、州学等)和国学，都与孔庙毗邻，以示儒学立国，修身的正统地位。学宫包括明德堂、尊经阁、敬一亭、崇圣祠和青云楼等单体建筑。走进学宫大门，就是古风盎然的明德堂，是士子们每月朔、望日朝圣(即孔子)之后，集中听训导师宣讲圣教和上谕(伦理和政府法令)的场所，以培养学子们忠君爱国的思想。对于明德堂的名称，可能有的游客要问，各地夫子庙建筑群中只有“明伦堂”，何以南京夫子庙例外，叫作“明德堂”?确实，南京夫子庙内，明德堂原来也称“明伦堂”，只是当年元军即将攻克南京之时，身陷囹圄的民族英雄南宋宰相文天祥，为了表明他宁死不屈的决心，亲自手书，改“明伦堂”为“明德堂”以明效忠国家、报效民众之志气，故保留至今。明德堂后的尊经阁，始建于明朝中期，高三层，18.7米，重檐丁字脊歇山顶，气象非凡，是当年存放儒家典籍、教谕讲课的讲堂，现为民俗风情陈列馆。与尊经阁并排而立的是崇圣祠和青云楼，尊经书院分置尊经阁后两边。崇圣祠祀孔子父母，现为梨园;青云楼清时改为图书馆;尊经书院为讲课之所，相当于现在的教室。尊经阁后小高地，叫卫山，建有敬一亭，天下文庙皆有敬一亭始于明嘉靖时，亭内立皇帝御题的“敬一箴”，作为生员士子的座右铭。所谓“敬一”就是对孔学的敬业之意。
游完学宫，向东过贡院西街走数十米，就是江南贡院。利用这一段时间，我给大家介绍一下夫子庙的其他情况。夫子庙地区除了夫子庙自身建筑之外，还有更为引人注目的民风民俗、特色市场和风味小吃。
其一，南京人向有过灯节的习俗，六朝时期佛兴灯旺，作为帝王之都的南京，每至元宵节，灯火满市井，为全国之冠。明朝时放灯时间延长，正月初八为上灯节。十八日为落灯节，是我国历史上为时最长的灯节，那时南京人几乎“家家走桥，人人看灯”，由此，延至清代以及近代，南京灯节都极为隆重，以夫子庙地区为最盛。建国以后，夫子庙灯会在政府的支持和组织下，每年的正月，夫子庙的大街小巷、店堂铺面、河房屋顶都挂满了各式各样的彩灯，前来观赏的人群络绎不绝，熙熙攘攘，煞是壮观，其规模之大、延续时间之长、灯彩式样之多，在全国同类灯会中均名列前茅。
其二，夫子庙除了它的文化特色外，其商业文化也比较发达，首先是夫子庙建筑群两侧的东、西二市就以其丰富的工艺美术晶、古玩、字画及其他文化用品交易而显示出文化的商业性价值，其次在夫子庙还有小商品市场、花鸟虫鱼市场和古玩、珍藏品交易市场，体现了南京人的一种闲适心态和文化品位。夫子庙已成为现代商品云集的商业中心区之一。
其三，夫子庙还是南京四时茶食的发源地,随着各种节令的更替和食俗的形成，夫子庙秦淮小吃因时更新，各种茶食店铺，摊贩小吃，应有尽有，成为我国东南地区历史最久、最独具特色的饮食文化旅游区。从泮池文德桥至文源桥方圆百米左右的市面，风味饮食店就有数十家之多。可谓咸甜荤素风味迥异;东西南北各有千秋。最著名的店面有百年老店永和园、六凤居、老正兴、奇芳阁、蒋有记等，风味名点和小吃有数百种，极大地强化了夫子庙的区域性特征。
好，我们已到了始建于1168年的江南贡院遗址。江南贡院是专门用来考试的场所，起初规模并不大，只供府、县学考试之用。明初乡试、会试集中在此举行。后贡院规模扩大，待到清朝，正式定名为江南贡院，已经是规模空前，形成东起姚家巷，西至学宫、孔庙，南临秦淮河，北抵建康路的方形整体，其号舍达两万多个，在当时全国贡院中首屈一指。民国之后，贡院冷落，只有明远楼等，作为历史文物被保留下来。
我们现在看到的明远楼，上下三层，四四方方，飞檐出甍，面面皆窗，它本是贡院举行考试期间用来警戒和发号施令之所。如今楼下拱门内保留的明、清和民国年间的石碑，详尽记载了江南贡院的盛衰历史。为有效地保存封建时代科举考场的情景，80年代中期，有关部门在此建立了“江南贡院陈列馆”，复建了以“千字文”命名的部分号舍，陈列了神态各异的应试学子的塑像，供人们参观。同时，游人们还可以亲自体会一下“金榜题名”的古趣。各位朋友，您不想试一试?
游罢夫子庙的主要观光点，我们大概可以把夫子庙的特点归纳为以下两点。
第一，夫子庙是一个庙市合一的活动场所，这是其最大特色，而其他城市的孔庙建筑及其文化氛围通常与商业文明、市井文化相隔离。在夫子庙，一方面是围墙内严谨的文化氛围;另一方面是围墙外、秦淮河两岸充满活力的商业文明，如工艺美术品、小商品、花鸟及现代商场、批销中心，以及业经去其糟粕、取其精华的俗文化，如传统的民风民俗—秦淮灯彩、秦淮风味小吃、云锦工艺、南京白局等，一应俱全，充分体现了夫子庙的繁华和与众不同。学宫、孔庙与市场(东西市等)、俗文化(秦淮民风民俗等)和谐相处，高雅的儒学文化与通俗的市井文化、商业文化相互兼容、共同发展，形成了富有地方特色的秦淮文化。
第二，夫子庙建筑布局中有许多中国之最。如象征南京母亲河—秦淮河的长达110米的高大照壁，是全国最大的;泮池是以天然河道秦淮河的一段改作的，是所有孔庙中独一无二的。由此可知，秦淮河在夫子庙的历史演变过程中的影响是非常重要的。南京夫子庙学宫明德堂的名称在全国也是少有的;大成殿“三宝”—孔子画像、雕像和孔子生平事迹壁画，堪称全国之最。值得一提的是，由于南京夫子庙的与众不同，地方政府和国家旅游局自80年代以来，开发并形成了以夫子庙为中心的秦淮风光带。在东起东水关、西迄西水关的十里秦淮，发掘出那些被历史湮没的秦淮胜迹，如瞻园、白鹭州、中华门城堡以及桃叶渡至镇淮桥一带的秦淮水上游和沿河景观，即所谓的“四点一线”，形成了集山水、园林、市街、河房河厅和民风民俗于一体的综合旅游区。现已布局井然，初具规模，景致独特，美不胜收，成为全国旅游景区四十佳之一。基于此，有关部门还开辟了“夜泊秦淮”水上游旅游线路和陆上游一条线，成为继“湖南路灯光夜市”后又一颗照亮南京一片天空的“夜明珠”，使得夜晚的南京城更显魅力。
各位朋友，夫子庙的游览就到此结束了，感谢大家的支持和合作!