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命运对奥斯特洛夫斯基是残酷的:他念过三年小学,青春消逝在疾驰的战马与枪林弹雨中。16岁时,他腹部与头部严重负伤,右眼失明。20岁时,又因关节硬化而卧床不起。面对着命运的严峻挑战,他深切地感到:“在生活中没比掉队更可怕的事情了。”奥斯特洛夫斯基与命运进行了英勇的抗争:他不想躺在残废荣誉军人的功劳簿上向祖国和人民伸手,他用沸腾的精力读完了函授大学的全部课程,如饥似渴地阅读俄罗斯与世界文学名著。书籍召唤他前进,书籍陪伴他披荆斩棘。
奥斯特洛夫斯基思想的烈马,驰骋在乌克兰与波兰交界的辽阔的原野上,他口授的每一个字母都像无情的子弹,射向入侵的德国强盗。
各位老师,同学们:
大家好,今天,我演讲的题目是:目标是前进的动力。
美国西点军校的教材里,编入了这样一个故事:
在一支雪域远征军中,战士们的眼睛不知疲倦地搜索世界,却找不到任何一个可使目光停留的落点而使眼睛因过度紧张而失明,这支军队也丧失了战斗力。这是一个让人难过的故事,但他至少告诉我们:盲目地前进,没有目标其实和不前进没有太大的差别。
人生何尝不是这样?没有目标的人只能闭上双眼,捂住耳朵,企图忽略别人的进步,然后现自我安慰的说,自己也在前进。这岂不是又一个现代版的套中人――别里科夫? 在自然界,温暖如春的面方水泽是迁徙的候鸟心中的胜地,气爽怡人落尽铅华的秋则是酷热的夏隐忍余热的期望。
在故事里,远渡重洋的哥伦布怀着涉足东方神土的心愿发现了美洲新大陆;神话小说《西游记》中的师徒四人则是为了获取真经而经历九九八十一难。
然而事物都是两面性的,好高骛远,不切实际的目标未必能称职地引领你的前进。
有一位哲学博士在田边沉思,发现水田当中新插的秧苗竟排列的无比整齐,好像用尺丈量过一般,他不禁好奇地问田中工作的老农是如何办到的,老农忙着插秧,头也不抬地回答,要他自己取一把秧苗插插看。博士卷起裤角,很快的插完了一排秧苗,结果竟是参差不齐,他再次请教老农,老农告诉他,在弯腰插秧的同时,眼光要盯住一样东西,朝那个目标前进,即可插出一列漂亮的秧苗,博士依言而行。不料这次竟插出了一道弯曲的弧线,划过了半个水田,他又虚心地请教老农,老农不耐烦地问他:“您的眼光是否盯着一个东西?”博士答道:“有啊,我盯住那正吃草的水牛啊,那可是一个目标呀!老农说:“水牛那么大,而且边走过吃草,你把他当作目标,合适吗?博士恍然大悟。
成功的果实,如同田里的秧苗,年轻的朋友们,你愿意拥有一个纵横整齐的漂亮的结果,还是一个参差不齐的结果呢?
青春的目标没有贵贱。早自习背一课单词可以是我们的目标,一节课听懂例题,能够处理作业可以是我们的目标;一次比赛中由预赛进入复赛可以是我们暂时的目标;一次考试比上次进步五名可以是我们的目标;考入清华、北大是目标,考出自己的能力和水平哪怕不是名校也可以是我们的目标。做名人、名家、名家、名流是目标,做一个敬业的老师、警察、医生又何尝不可?
目标是茫茫戈壁的一片绿洲,是远行者手中的罗盘,是黑夜里若隐若现的明灯,是冰天雪地里令你怦然心动的温暖与勇气。
目标,是最远又是最近的一个梦,他时刻们随着你,同你分享欢乐,共担忧愁;人因为有了目标,生活才有了意义。同学们,在你迷茫的时候,请记住目标是我们前进的动力。
凡尔纳是一位世界闻名的科幻小说作家,但很少有人知道凡尔纳为了发表他的第一部作品,曾经遭受过多么大的挫折!这里记录的,就是凡尔纳的一段令人难忘的经历:
1863年冬天的一个上午,凡尔纳刚吃过早饭,正准备到邮局去,突然听到一阵敲门声,他开门一看,原来是一个邮递员。
邮递员把一包鼓囊囊的邮件递到了凡尔纳的手里。一看到这样的邮件,凡尔纳就预感到不妙,自从他几个月前把他的第一部科幻小说《乘气球五周记》寄到各出版社后,收到这样的邮件已经是第十四次了。
他怀着忐忑不安的心情拆开一看,上面写道:“凡尔纳先生:书稿经我们审读后,不拟出版,特此奉还。”
每看到这样一封封退稿信,凡尔纳心里都是一陈绞痛。这次是第十五次了,还是未被采用。凡尔纳此时已深知,那些出版社的“老爷”们是如何看不起无名作者。他愤怒地发誓,从此再也不写了。
他拿起手稿向壁炉走去,准备把这些稿子付之一炬。他妻子赶过来,一把抢过书稿紧紧抱在怀里。 此时的凡尔纳余怒未息,说什么也要把稿子烧掉。
他妻子急中生智,以满怀关切的语言安慰丈夫,“亲爱的,不要灰心,再试一次吧,也许这次能交上好运的。”听了这句话以后,凡尔纳夺书稿的手,慢慢放下了。他沉默了好一会儿,然后接受了妻子的劝告,又抱起这一大包书稿到第十六家出版社去碰运气。
这次没有落空,读完书稿后,这家出版社立即决定出版此书,并与凡尔纳签订了20年的出书合同。 没有他妻子的疏导,没有“再努力一次”的勇气,我们也许根本无法读到凡尔纳笔下那些脍炙人口的科幻故事,人类就会失去一份极其珍贵的精神财富。
Ladies and Gentlemen I'd planned to speak to you tonight to report on the state of the union but the events of earlier today have led me to change those plans. Today is a day for mourning and remembering. Nancy and I are pained to the core by the tragedy of the shuttle Challenger. We know we share this pain with all of the people of our country. This is truly a national loss.
Nineteen years ago almost to the day we lost three astronauts in a terrible accident on the ground. But we've never lost an astronaut in flight. We've never had a tragedy like this.
And perhaps we've forgotten the courage it took for the crew of the shuttle. But they the Challenger Seven were aware of the dangers but overcame them and did their jobs brilliantly. We mourn seven heroes: Michael Smith Dick Scobee Judith Resnik Ronald McNair Ellison Onizuka Gregory Jarvis and Christa McAuliffe.
We mourn their loss as a nation together.
For the families of the seven we cannot bear as you do the full impact of this tragedy. But we feel the loss and we're thinking about you so very much. Your loved ones were daring and brave and they had that special grace that special spirit that says "Give me a challenge and I'll meet it with joy." They had a hunger to explore the universe and discover its truths. They wished to serve and they did. They served all of us.
We've grown used to wonders in this century. It's hard to dazzle us. But for twenty-five years the United States space program has been doing just that. We've grown used to the idea of space and perhaps we forget that we've only just begun. We're still pioneers. They the members of the Challenger crew were pioneers.
And I want to say something to the schoolchildren of America who were watching the live coverage of the shuttle's take-off. I know it's hard to understand but sometimes painful things like this happen. It's all part of the process of exploration and discovery. It's all part of taking a chance and expanding man's horizons. The future doesn't belong to the fainthearted; it belongs to the brave. The Challenger crew was pulling us into the future and we'll continue to follow them.
I've always had great faith in and respect for our space program. And what happened today does nothing to diminish it. We don't hide our space program. We don't keep secrets and cover things up. We do it all up front and in public. That's the way freedom is and we wouldn't change it for a minute.
We'll continue our quest in space. There will be more shuttle flights and more shuttle crews and yes more volunteers more civilians more teachers in space. Nothing ends here; our hopes and our journeys continue.
I want to add that I wish I could talk to every man and woman who works for NASA or who worked on this mission and tell them: "Your dedication and professionalism have moved and impressed us for decades. And we know of your anguish. We share it."
There's a coincidence today. On this day three hundred and ninety years ago the great explorer Sir Francis Drake died aboard ship off the coast of Panama. In his lifetime the great frontiers were the oceans and a historian later said "He lived by the sea died on it and was buried in it." Well today we can say of the Challenger crew: Their dedication was like Drake's complete.
The crew of the space shuttle Challenger honored us by the manner in which they lived their lives. We will never forget them nor the last time we saw them this morning as they prepared for their journey and waved goodbye and "slipped the surly bonds of earth" to "touch the face of God."
Thank you.
Inaugural Address
On a frigid Winter's day, January 20, 1961, John Fitzgerald Kennedy took the oath of office as the 35th President of the United States. At age 43, he was the youngest man and the first Roman Catholic ever elected. He had won by one of the smallest margins of victory, only 115,000 popular votes. This is the speech he delivered announcing the dawn of a new era as young Americans born in the 20th century first assumed leadership of the Nation.
Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens, we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom -- symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning -- signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.
The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe -- the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.
We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty.
This much we pledge and more.
To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do -- for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.
To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom -- and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.
To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required, not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.
To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge -- to convert our good words into good deeds in a new alliance for progress -- to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.
To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support -- to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective -- to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request -- that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.
We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.
But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course -- both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.
So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate.
Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.
Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.
Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts and commerce.
Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah -- to undo the heavy burdens...and let the oppressed go free.
And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved.
All this will not be finished in the first 100 days. Nor will it be finished in the first 1,000 days, nor in the life of this administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin.
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.
Now the trumpet summons us again -- not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need -- not as a call to battle, though embattled we are -- but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation -- a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility -- I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it -- and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.
And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you -- ask what you can do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.
John F. Kennedy - January 20, 1961
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