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Several months ago, the Trump Administration instructed the Department of Education to prioritize STEM education, especially computer science, in our schools. The guidance we offered directed that these programs be designed with gender and racial diversity in mind.
At the direction of the President, I have worked closely with leadership across government Agencies to prioritize workforce development and proven on-the-job training programs like apprenticeships so that young women C and men C have more opportunities to earn while they learn, provide for their families, and master the skills that drive progress in the 21st century.
Finally, we must empower women who live in countries that prevent them from leading.
Across the world, there are still laws that stop women from fully participating in their nation’s economy.
In some countries, women are not allowed to own property, travel freely, or work outside of the home without the consent of their husbands.
Countries like the United States and Japan cannot be complacent. We must continue to champion reforms in our own countries while also empowering women in restricted economies.
As Americans gather to celebrate this week, we show our gratitude for the many blessings in our lives. We are grateful for our friends and families who fill our lives with purpose and love. We're grateful for our beautiful country, and for the prosperity we enjoy. We're grateful for the chance to live, work and worship in freedom. And in this Thanksgiving week, we offer thanks and praise to the provider of all these gifts, Almighty God.
We also recognize our duty to share our blessings with the least among us. Throughout the holiday season, schools, churches, synagogues and other generous organizations gather food and clothing for their neighbors in need. Many young people give part of their holiday to volunteer at homeless shelters or food pantries. On Thanksgiving, and on every day of the year, America is a more hopeful nation because of the volunteers who serve the weak and the vulnerable.
The Thanksgiving tradition of compassion and humility dates back to the earliest days of our society. And through the years, our deepest gratitude has often been inspired by the most difficult times. Almost four centuries ago, the pilgrims set aside time to thank God after suffering through a bitter winter. George Washington held Thanksgiving during a trying stay at Valley Forge. And President Lincoln revived the Thanksgiving tradition in the midst of a civil war.
The past year has brought many challenges to our nation, and Americans have met every one with energy, optimism and faith. After lifting our economy from a recession, manufacturers and entrepreneurs are creating jobs again. Volunteers from across the country came together to help hurricane victims rebuild. And when the children of Beslan, Russia suffered a brutal terrorist attack, the world saw America's generous heart in an outpouring of compassion and relief.
The greatest challenges of our time have come to the men and women who protect our nation. We're fortunate to have dedicated firefighters and police officers to keep our streets safe. We're grateful for the homeland security and intelligence personnel who spend long hours on faithful watch. And we give thanks to the men and women of our military who are serving with courage and skill, and making our entire nation proud.
Five score years ago, a great American, in whose symbolic shadow we stand signed the Emancipation Proclamation. This momentous decree came as a great beacon light of hope to millions of Negro slaves who had been seared in the flames of withering injustice. It came as a joyous daybreak to end the long night of captivity.
But one hundred years later, we must face the tragic fact that the Negro is still not free. One hundred years later, the life of the Negro is still sadly crippled by the manacles of segregation and the chains of discrimination. One hundred years later, the Negro lives on a lonely island of poverty in the midst of a vast ocean of material prosperity. One hundred years later, the Negro is still languishing in the corners of American society and finds himself an exile in his own land. So we have come here today to dramatize an appalling condition.
In a sense we have come to our nation's capital to cash a check. When the architects of our republic wrote the magnificent words of the Constitution and the declaration of Independence, they were signing a promissory note to which every American was to fall heir. This note was a promise that all men would be guaranteed the inalienable rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.
It is obvious today that America has defaulted on this promissory note insofar as her citizens of color are concerned. Instead of honoring this sacred obligation, America has given the Negro people a bad check which has come back marked "insufficient funds." But we refuse to believe that the bank of justice is bankrupt. We refuse to believe that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults of opportunity of this nation.
So we have come to cash this check -- a check that will give us upon demand the riches of freedom and the security of justice.
We have also come to this hallowed spot to remind America of the fierce urgency of now. This is no time to engage in the luxury of cooling off or to take the tranquilizing drug of gradualism. Now is the time to rise from the dark and desolate valley of segregation to the sunlit path of racial justice. Now is the time to open the doors of opportunity to all of God's children. Now is the time to lift our nation from the quicksands of racial injustice to the solid rock of brotherhood.
It would be fatal for the nation to overlook the urgency of the moment and to underestimate the determination of the Negro. This sweltering summer of the Negro's legitimate discontent will not pauntil there is an invigorating autumn of freedom and equality. Nineteen sixty-three is not an end, but a beginning.
Inaugural Address
On a frigid Winter's day, January 20, 1961, John Fitzgerald Kennedy took the oath of office as the 35th President of the United States. At age 43, he was the youngest man and the first Roman Catholic ever elected. He had won by one of the smallest margins of victory, only 115,000 popular votes. This is the speech he delivered announcing the dawn of a new era as young Americans born in the 20th century first assumed leadership of the Nation.
Vice President Johnson, Mr. Speaker, Mr. Chief Justice, President Eisenhower, Vice President Nixon, President Truman, reverend clergy, fellow citizens, we observe today not a victory of party, but a celebration of freedom -- symbolizing an end, as well as a beginning -- signifying renewal, as well as change. For I have sworn before you and Almighty God the same solemn oath our forebears prescribed nearly a century and three quarters ago.
The world is very different now. For man holds in his mortal hands the power to abolish all forms of human poverty and all forms of human life. And yet the same revolutionary beliefs for which our forebears fought are still at issue around the globe -- the belief that the rights of man come not from the generosity of the state, but from the hand of God.
We dare not forget today that we are the heirs of that first revolution. Let the word go forth from this time and place, to friend and foe alike, that the torch has been passed to a new generation of Americans, born in this century, tempered by war, disciplined by a hard and bitter peace, proud of our ancient heritage and unwilling to witness or permit the slow undoing of those human rights to which this Nation has always been committed, and to which we are committed today at home and around the world.
Let every nation know, whether it wishes us well or ill, that we shall pay any price, bear any burden, meet any hardship, support any friend, oppose any foe, to assure the survival and the success of liberty.
This much we pledge and more.
To those old allies whose cultural and spiritual origins we share, we pledge the loyalty of faithful friends. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of cooperative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do -- for we dare not meet a powerful challenge at odds and split asunder.
To those new States whom we welcome to the ranks of the free, we pledge our word that one form of colonial control shall not have passed away merely to be replaced by a far more iron tyranny. We shall not always expect to find them supporting our view. But we shall always hope to find them strongly supporting their own freedom -- and to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.
To those peoples in the huts and villages across the globe struggling to break the bonds of mass misery, we pledge our best efforts to help them help themselves, for whatever period is required, not because the Communists may be doing it, not because we seek their votes, but because it is right. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich.
To our sister republics south of our border, we offer a special pledge -- to convert our good words into good deeds in a new alliance for progress -- to assist free men and free governments in casting off the chains of poverty. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. Let all our neighbors know that we shall join with them to oppose aggression or subversion anywhere in the Americas. And let every other power know that this Hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house.
To that world assembly of sovereign states, the United Nations, our last best hope in an age where the instruments of war have far outpaced the instruments of peace, we renew our pledge of support -- to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective -- to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak and to enlarge the area in which its writ may run.
Finally, to those nations who would make themselves our adversary, we offer not a pledge but a request -- that both sides begin anew the quest for peace, before the dark powers of destruction unleashed by science engulf all humanity in planned or accidental self-destruction.
We dare not tempt them with weakness. For only when our arms are sufficient beyond doubt can we be certain beyond doubt that they will never be employed.
But neither can two great and powerful groups of nations take comfort from our present course -- both sides overburdened by the cost of modern weapons, both rightly alarmed by the steady spread of the deadly atom, yet both racing to alter that uncertain balance of terror that stays the hand of mankind's final war.
So let us begin anew, remembering on both sides that civility is not a sign of weakness, and sincerity is always subject to proof. Let us never negotiate out of fear. But let us never fear to negotiate.
Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us.
Let both sides, for the first time, formulate serious and precise proposals for the inspection and control of arms and bring the absolute power to destroy other nations under the absolute control of all nations.
Let both sides seek to invoke the wonders of science instead of its terrors. Together let us explore the stars, conquer the deserts, eradicate disease, tap the ocean depths, and encourage the arts and commerce.
Let both sides unite to heed in all corners of the earth the command of Isaiah -- to undo the heavy burdens...and let the oppressed go free.
And if a beachhead of cooperation may push back the jungle of suspicion, let both sides join in creating a new endeavor, not a new balance of power, but a new world of law, where the strong are just and the weak secure and the peace preserved.
All this will not be finished in the first 100 days. Nor will it be finished in the first 1,000 days, nor in the life of this administration, nor even perhaps in our lifetime on this planet. But let us begin.
In your hands, my fellow citizens, more than mine, will rest the final success or failure of our course. Since this country was founded, each generation of Americans has been summoned to give testimony to its national loyalty. The graves of young Americans who answered the call to service surround the globe.
Now the trumpet summons us again -- not as a call to bear arms, though arms we need -- not as a call to battle, though embattled we are -- but a call to bear the burden of a long twilight struggle, year in and year out, rejoicing in hope, patient in tribulation -- a struggle against the common enemies of man: tyranny, poverty, disease, and war itself.
Can we forge against these enemies a grand and global alliance, North and South, East and West, that can assure a more fruitful life for all mankind? Will you join in that historic effort?
In the long history of the world, only a few generations have been granted the role of defending freedom in its hour of maximum danger. I do not shrink from this responsibility -- I welcome it. I do not believe that any of us would exchange places with any other people or any other generation. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it -- and the glow from that fire can truly light the world.
And so, my fellow Americans: ask not what your country can do for you -- ask what you can do for your country.
My fellow citizens of the world: ask not what America will do for you, but what together we can do for the freedom of man.
Finally, whether you are citizens of America or citizens of the world, ask of us here the same high standards of strength and sacrifice which we ask of you. With a good conscience our only sure reward, with history the final judge of our deeds, let us go forth to lead the land we love, asking His blessing and His help, but knowing that here on earth God's work must truly be our own.
John F. Kennedy - January 20, 1961
-杨澜
在我去苏格兰的前一晚,中国达人秀邀请我到上海主持总决赛体育馆的现场有八万名观众。知道特别嘉宾是谁吗?苏珊大妈。我告诉她:我明天要去苏格兰。
她不但歌声非常动听,还学会了说几句中文。她说:送你葱这句话的意思不是你好,谢谢,那类的话。送你葱意思是免费的大葱。她为什么要说这句话呢?
因为送你葱是来自有着中国苏珊大妈之称的一位五十多岁在上海卖菜的女摊贩,她非常喜欢西方歌剧,但她不懂歌词的意思也不会说英语,法语,或是意大利语,所以她以独特的方式来记歌词将歌词全部换成蔬菜名。(笑声)
意大利歌剧公主彻夜未眠的最后一句她当时就是以送你葱来演唱的。当苏珊大妈说了这句话的时候,现场的八万名观众一起跟着唱了起来。当时的场面十分有趣。
我想苏珊大妈还有那位上海的卖菜大婶都有她们的独特之处。
大家通常会觉得她们无法在娱乐圈这个行业里闯出天下,但是才能和勇气让她们得到了肯定。
一场秀和一个平台让她们有了一个可以圆梦的舞台。
其实要与众不同不是什么难事。我们都有独特之处,可以从不同的角度来看。我觉得与众不同其实很好,因为你有不同的想法。你也许可以在某一方面有影响。
我这个年代的人是幸运的我们目睹并参与了中国历史性的变化。在过去的二,三十年里中国发生了很多变化。
我还记得1990年的时候。我刚好读完大学,我当时申请了一个营销的工作地点是北京的一个五宾馆,这个宾馆现在还有,叫喜来登长城饭店。
在被一位日本经理询问了半小时之后,他在面试要结束时说,杨小姐,你有问题要问我吗?我鼓起了勇气,镇定地问:你能不能告诉我,你们卖什么的?
因为我当时完全不知道一个五饭店的销售部要做什么。那是我第一次走进一家五饭店。
与此同时,我参加了由中国国家电台举办的试听会这是第一个向大众开放的试听会现场还有上千名的女大生。制作人告诉我们他们在找甜美,单纯和漂亮的新面孔。
当轮到我的时候,我起身问道,为什么在电视上的女人一定要长得漂亮,甜美,单纯还要配合度高?为什么她们不能有自己的想法说自己的话?我以为我的话可能有点冒犯了评委。
但我的话反而得到了他们的认同。因此我进入了第二回合,然后第三,第四。在第七回合比赛结束后,我战胜了所有的选手。我也因此在加入了黄金档的一个节目。
你也许不敢相信,这个节目是中国第一个允许主持人表达他们自己的想法他们不需要念之前写好的稿。(掌声)我当时每周的观众人数达到2-3亿。
几年以后,我决定去美国的哥伦比亚大学读研究所,同时也创办了自己的媒体公司,这个想法在我刚刚入行的时候并不存在。
公司的项目分很多类。我访问过的人数已经过千。有时候年轻人会对我说:杨澜姐,你改变了我的人生。
这些话让我感到骄傲。我觉我这代人很幸运因为我们看到了整个国家的兴起。北京竞标奥运的举办权我有在场。我也代表了上海市博会。
我看到了中国拥抱全世界也看到了全世界拥抱中国。
但我有时会想,现在的年轻人到底要做什么?他们到底有什么不同之处,有什么样的变化会因他们而产生这些变化会怎样改变中国,甚至整个世界?
所以我今天的话题是关于年轻一代通过社交媒体的平台来认识他们。
首先,他们是谁?长得什么样?照片上的女孩叫郭美美20岁,很漂亮。在她的微博上,她炫耀了自己的包,衣服,还有车在她的微博上,微博是中国版的Twitter。
她还说自己是商会红十字会在商会的一名经理。她没有想到她的举动引起了大众的敏感导致了一场全国性的质问,差一点变成一场针对红十字会的_。
这场争论非常激烈以至于红十字会开了一场记者会来澄清郭美美事件,该事件也因此被调查。
现今为止,公众已知道郭美美给自己捏造了红十字会经理的职位也许是因为她喜欢慈善二字。她的那些奢侈品是男朋友送的礼物她的男友之前是一名董事会成员在商会红十字会下属的一个部门工作。
这个解释起来有点困难。尽管如此,公众愤怒仍未平息。热论还在进行中。这个事件说明了民众对政府机构或是政府所支持的机构的不信任,而这些机构在过去都不够透明。
这个事件也说明了社交网站的力量和影响。微博就是个很好的例子。
微博在2010年兴起,访客人数翻倍浏览时间更是之前的三倍。单是新浪网,一个主要的新闻网站,就有超过1.4亿的微博用户。腾讯网:2亿。
有最多人关注的用户不是我是个电影女演员,她有超过九百五十万的跟随者,网上的叫法是粉丝。大约有80%的微博用户都是年轻人,年龄在30岁以下。
大家应该都知道传统媒体依然由政府控制,社交网站提供了一个平台让大家可以表达自己的不满。
因为其它的平台不多,来自社交网站的激愤有时可以变得非常强烈,非常活跃甚至带有暴力。
通过微博,我们可以进一步地了解在中国年轻的一代。但他们到底有什么不同之处?
第一,他们大部分是80后和90后,出生在一胎化政策的年代。因为有了选择性的流产很多家长选择要男不要女,后果就是现今男人的数量超出女人数量的3千万。
这个差别让社会存在一种潜在危险,但没人敢确定;因为我们生活在一个全球化的世界,男生们可以到其它国家找女友。年轻人里的大多数都受过不错的教育。中国这一代的文盲人数少于百分之一。
在城市里,有80%的学生上大学。但他们面对的是一个在变化的中国今年,年龄超过65的人口已经达到百分之7点几,到2030年人口老化会达到15%。
大家也许知道我们的传统是年轻的这一代有义务供养老的一代,在他们生病时候照顾他们。这意味着已成家的年轻人将需要供养4位父母他们的预期寿命是73岁。
他们的工作时间长薪水却相对较少,社会福利也不多。很多因素都会影响他们像失业,通货膨胀,银行贷款政策紧缩,人民币升值,或是欧美国家对中国产品需求的下降。
去年,一场悲剧在中国南方的设备生产工厂发生了:13名工人年纪在20岁左右自杀,就像是一场传染病一样。只是死亡原因不同。整个事件引起了社会的关注。大家开始关心这些工人身体和心理上的孤单。
有些选择返回乡村的人,当地人十分欢迎他们回乡。
因为他们在城市获得了知识,技术,和人际关系,通过互联网的帮助,他们可以创造更多工作,在发展较落后的地区将农业升级并创造更多商机。
过去几年里,在临海区域,出现劳动力短缺的现象。
这些图表显示一个更概括的社会状况。第一个是恩格尔系数,它解释了每天生活必需的花费的百分比在过去的10年内,从家庭收入的角度来看,已经下降到37%。
但是在过去的两年里,这个比例上涨到39%,这说明了生活花费在上升。吉尼系数显示已经过了0.4的警戒线。现在是0.5比美国还差说明的收入不平等。
你能看到整个社会都感到沮丧因为他们失去了一部分的流动性。同时,针对富人和有权利人士的怨恨与憎恨开始蔓延。
所以各种对腐败或是官商勾结的指控都可造成社会的谴责甚至动乱。
通过观察微博上一些最热门的话题,我们可以更了解年轻的一代。
社会公正与政府责任是他们最关心的问题。在过去的十年里,大量的城市化发展让我们看见了很多有关强拆私人住宅的报导。
这些新闻引起了年轻人的不满和失望。过程中有时有人死亡,也有人以自焚来_。当这类报导大量在互联网上出现的时候,人们强烈要求政府出面制止。
好消息是在今年早期,国务院在房屋申请和拆建方面颁布了一项新政策同时允许法庭传唤那些强拆的地方政府官员。还有很有其它让民众担忧的问题在互联网上受到了强烈议论。
大家应该都听说过空气污染,水源污染,有毒食品。但应该不知道我们还发明了山寨版牛肉吧。这种牛肉精包含多种成分如果你把它们涂在鸡肉或是鱼肉上面,那就鸡鱼肉看起来就像牛肉了。
最近,民众们开始担心食用油,原因是有上千的人发现餐馆使用的油是加工过的阴沟油。
心就好。
在这张图片里,是一种很流行的现象叫做裸婚。
他们不是在婚礼上不穿衣服,但已经决定要在没有车房,没有钻戒没有婚宴的情况下结为夫妇,来实现他们对真爱的承诺。
通过社交媒体,人们还做了有很多意义的事。这张图片上展示了一台卡车上的500只将会被加工成食物的流浪狗和被绑架的狗在高速路上被发现和停了下来整个国家都在微博上关注此事件。有人捐钱,捐狗粮志愿去停下那台卡车。
几小时的协商后,这500只狗获救了。同时也有人帮助找走失的孩童。这位爸爸将儿子的图片上传到网上,在成千上万的转发后,孩子找到了,我们通过微博见证了一家的团聚。
幸福是最近两年里听到最多次的词语。幸福不单只是和个人经历和价值相关,它也同样关系到我们的环境。
人们在思考这些问题:我们到底应不应该牺牲我们的环境来换取GDP的增长?我们应该如何来实现社会和政治的改革才能赶上经济的增长,让发展更持续和更稳定?
还有,自行纠正的制度到底有多大的能力让人们在这么多冲突的情况下还能感到满足?
我想民众们会给这些问题一个答案。我们年轻的一代将会改变他们的国家同时也改变了自己。
Eliminating or easing legal and cultural barriers so that more parents can make the choices that are right for their families is a core mission for our generation. We don’t label men “working men.” And it is my hope that by the time my daughter Arabella grows into a woman she will not be defined by whether she works inside or outside the home. She will simply be a woman, afforded the same opportunities as her male peers and equipped with the education and support she needs to fulfill her unique potential.
This is how I believe we will empower women C and in so doing, enable them to raise confident, empathetic, and ambitious sons and daughters, to propel unprecedented growth and job creation, and to cultivate a society that embraces the fullness of life, the dignity of work, and the gift of strong and flourishing families.
So today, I hope you will join me in imagining this future and working together to make it a reality- for our children, for our nations, and for the hope of a more vibrant and inclusive economy.
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